Question

在尝试通过扩展抽象类和测试类来创建测试时，我得到NullPointerException。错误：

java.lang.NullPointerException at pages.UserRegistrationPage.fillName（UserRegistrationPage.java:61）at UserRegistrationpageTest.fillName（UserRegistrationpageTest.java:26） at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（Native Method）at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62）在 sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43）在java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke（Method.java:498）at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod（MethodInvocationHelper.java:124）在org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod（Invoker.java:571）at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod（Invoker.java:707）at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods（Invoker.java:979）at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods（TestMethodWorker.java:125）在 org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run（TestMethodWorker.java:109）在org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun（TestRunner.java:648）at org.testng.TestRunner.run（TestRunner.java:505）at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest（SuiteRunner.java:455）at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially（SuiteRunner.java:450）at at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun（SuiteRunner.java:415）at at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run（SuiteRunner.java:364）at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite（SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52）at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run（SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84）at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially（TestNG.java:1187）at at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally（TestNG.java:1116）at at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites（TestNG.java:1028）at org.testng.TestNG.run（TestNG.java:996）at org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run（IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72）at at org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main（RemoteTestNGStarter.java:123）

驱动程序初始化，打开测试页面，并在尝试填写字段时抛出异常。我的课程：

    public abstract class AbstractPage {
        private WebDriver driver;
        public AbstractPage(WebDriver driver){
            this.driver = driver;
        }
    }

    public class UserRegistrationPage extends AbstractPage{

        @FindBy(id = "input-firstname")
        private WebElement firstName;

        @FindBy(id = "input-lastname")
        private WebElement lastName;

        @FindBy(id = "input-email")
        private WebElement email;

        @FindBy(id = "input-telephone")
        private WebElement telephone;

        @FindBy(xpath = "//*[@id=\"input-fax\"]")
        private WebElement fax;

        @FindBy(id = "input-address-1")
        private WebElement address;

        @FindBy(id = "input-city")
        private WebElement city;

        @FindBy(id = "input-postcode")
        private WebElement postcode;

        @FindBy(id = "input-country")
        private WebElement country;

        @FindBy(id = "input-zone")
        private WebElement zone;

        @FindBy(id = "input-password")
        private WebElement password;

        @FindBy(id = "input-confirm")
        private WebElement passwordConfirm;

        @FindBy(css = "#content input[type=\"checkbox\"]:nth-child(2)")
        private WebElement agreeCheckbox;

        @FindBy (xpath = "//*[@id=\"content\"]/form/div/div/input[2]")
        private WebElement submitButton;

        public UserRegistrationPage(WebDriver driver) {
            super(driver);
        }


        public void fillName(String name){
            this.firstName.sendKeys(name);
        }
    }

public abstract class AbstractTest {

    protected WebDriver driver;
    @BeforeSuite
    public void setUpDriver(){
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    }
}

public class UserRegistrationpageTest extends AbstractTest{

    private UserRegistrationPage userRegistrationPage = new UserRegistrationPage(driver);


    @BeforeTest
    void openURL(){
        driver.get("http://88.119.151.54/opencartone/index.php?route=account/register");
    }

    @AfterTest
    void closeBrowser(){
        driver.quit();
    }

    @Test
    void fillName(){
        userRegistrationPage.fillName("John");
    }

}

我在这里缺少什么？

Answer 1

原因是：当您到达'userRegistrationPage.fillName（“John”）'行时，'UserRegistration'页面的'driver'成员保持为空。

看到这个

这是因为@BeforeSuite（位于'AbstractTest'测试中的方法在UserRegistrationPage的构造函数被调用后被调用。所以现在序列是

1）AbstractPage的构造函数。（这里你的驱动程序为空）

2）UserRegistrationPage的构造函数。（这里你的驱动程序为空）

3）摘要测试的@BeforeSuite。（这里你的驱动程序不会为空，但是直到这时你已经使用'UserRegistrationpageTest'类中的行初始化了'UserRegistrationPage'的对象

private UserRegistrationPage userRegistrationPage = new UserRegistrationPage(driver);

要解决此问题，请在'openURL'中更改'UserRegistrationPage'对象的初始化位置，如下所示

Answer 2

使用“PageFactory”时，您需要初始化WebElements。将其添加到'AbstractPage'

public AbstractPage(WebDriver driver) {
    this.driver = driver;
    PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
}

Answer 3

扩展UserRegistrationPage的{{1}}使用AbstractPage实例 WebDriver 。因此，您需要将构造函数定义为：

driver

使用Selenium和Page Object Pattern

3 个答案: