collections.namedtuple如何工作?

时间:2017-12-10 10:09:59

标签: python namedtuple

我正在研究Python中的“namedtuple”代码。(Python 3.6.3)。我运行代码:

from collections import namedtuple,_iskeyword
Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'],rename=False,verbose=True)
p = Point(2,3)
print(p)

然后控制台打印如:

from builtins import property as _property, tuple as _tuple
from operator import itemgetter as _itemgetter
from collections import OrderedDict

class Point(tuple):
    'Point(x, y)'

    __slots__ = ()

    _fields = ('x', 'y')

    def __new__(_cls, x, y):
        'Create new instance of Point(x, y)'
        return _tuple.__new__(_cls, (x, y))

    @classmethod
    def _make(cls, iterable, new=tuple.__new__, len=len):
        'Make a new Point object from a sequence or iterable'
        result = new(cls, iterable)
        if len(result) != 2:
            raise TypeError('Expected 2 arguments, got %d' % len(result))
        return result

    def _replace(_self, **kwds):
        'Return a new Point object replacing specified fields with new values'
        result = _self._make(map(kwds.pop, ('x', 'y'), _self))
        if kwds:
            raise ValueError('Got unexpected field names: %r' % list(kwds))
        return result

    def __repr__(self):
        'Return a nicely formatted representation string'
        return self.__class__.__name__ + '(x=%r, y=%r)' % self

    def _asdict(self):
        'Return a new OrderedDict which maps field names to their values.'
        return OrderedDict(zip(self._fields, self))

    def __getnewargs__(self):
        'Return self as a plain tuple.  Used by copy and pickle.'
        return tuple(self)

    x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')

    y = _property(_itemgetter(1), doc='Alias for field number 1')

这是类定义,我对类的定义感到困惑:

x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')

此处属性为_property,属性的fget函数为_itemgetter(0)

我的问题是:

_itemgetter(0)的回报是什么?

_property在这种情况下如何运作?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

简答

它允许您使用p[0]以及p.x来检索值2

>>> p.x
2
>>> p[0]
2

解释

property允许您调用不带()的方法。 所以p.x代替p.x()

itemgetter(0)[]索引语法的函数。 在这种情况下,它从底层元组获取此索引处的元素。

它返回一个新函数:

>>> f = _itemgetter(0)

调用此功能:

>>> f(t)
10

具有与以下相同的效果:

>>> t[0]
10

最后,property使其“可调用”而不在最后添加()