这是我目前的avltree实现,avltree.h:
#pragma once
#include <math.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
namespace avltree {
template <class T>
struct node {
static node * null_node;
node *left = null_node;
node *right = null_node;
node *parent = null_node;
int height = 0;
T value;
node(T value) :value(value) {}
node(T value, int height) :height(height), value(value) {}
};
template <class T>
node<T>* node<T>::null_node = new node(0, -1);
template <class T>
struct avltree {
public:
node<T> *root;
avltree(T value);
node<T> *insert(T value);
void print(void);
void print_with_height(void);
private:
node<T> *insert(T value, node<T> *x);
node<T> *left_rotate(node<T> *x);
node<T> *right_rotate(node<T> *x);
void retrace(node<T> *n);
void update_root();
void print(node<T> *n);
void print(node<T> *n, int depth);
void update_height(node<T> *n);
};
template <class T>
avltree<T>::avltree(T value) :root(new node<T>(value)) { }
template <class T>
node<T> *avltree<T>::insert(T value) {
auto n = insert(value, root);
update_root();
return n;
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::retrace(node<T> *n) {
while (n != node<T>::null_node) {
update_height(n);
if (n->left->height - n->right->height > 1) {
if (n->left->left->height >= n->left->right->height) {
right_rotate(n);
}
else {
left_rotate(n);
right_rotate(n);
}
}
else
if (n->right->height - n->left->height > 1) {
if (n->right->right->height >= n->right->left->height) {
left_rotate(n);
}
else {
right_rotate(n);
left_rotate(n);
}
}
n = n->parent;
}
}
template <class T>
node<T> *avltree<T>::insert(T value, node<T> *n) {
if (n->value > value) {
if (n->left != node<T>::null_node) {
n->left->height++;
insert(value, n->left);
}
else {
auto new_node = new node<T>(value);
n->left = new_node;
new_node->parent = n;
retrace(n);
return new_node;
}
}
if (n->value < value) {
if (n->right != node<T>::null_node) {
n->right->height++;
insert(value, n->right);
}
else {
auto new_node = new node<T>(value);
n->right = new_node;
new_node->parent = n;
retrace(n);
return new_node;
}
}
update_height(n);
return n;
}
template <class T>
node<T> *avltree<T>::left_rotate(node<T> *x) {
node<T> *y = x->right;
if (y == node<T>::null_node) {
return node<T>::null_node;
}
y->parent = x->parent;
if (x->parent->right == x) {
x->parent->right = y;
}
else {
x->parent->left = y;
}
y->left = x;
x->parent = y;
x->right = y->left;
x->right->parent = x;
update_height(x);
update_height(y);
return x;
}
template <class T>
node<T> *avltree<T>::right_rotate(node<T> *x) {
node<T> *y = x->left;
if (y == node<T>::null_node) {
return node<T>::null_node;
}
y->parent = x->parent;
if (x->parent->right == x) {
x->parent->right = y;
}
else {
x->parent->left = y;
}
y->right = x;
x->parent = y;
x->left = y->right;
x->left->parent = x;
update_height(x);
update_height(y);
return x;
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::update_root() {
auto n = root, last = root;
while (n != node<T>::null_node) {
last = n;
n = n->parent;
}
root = last;
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::print(void) {
print(root);
cout << endl;
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::print(node<T> *n) {
if (n->left != node<T>::null_node) {
print(n->left);
}
cout << n->value << " ";
if (n->right != node<T>::null_node) {
print(n->right);
}
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::print(node<T> *n, int height) {
if (n->left != node<T>::null_node) {
print(n->left, height);
}
if (n->height == height) {
std::cout << n->value << ", ";
}
if (n->right != node<T>::null_node) {
print(n->right, height);
}
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::print_with_height(void) {
int height = root->height;
for (int height = root->height; height >= 0; height--) {
std::cout << "height = " << height << "\t:";
print(root, height);
std::cout << std::endl;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
template <class T>
void avltree<T>::update_height(node<T> *n) {
n->height = std::max(n->left->height, n->right->height) + 1;
}
}
以下是主要文件:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "avltree.h"
int main()
{
avltree::avltree<int> tree(1);
for (int i = 2; i < 128; i++) {
tree.insert(i);
}
tree.print_with_height();
return 0;
}
上面代码的问题是,在迭代124,它将在插入中的回扫调用内生成无限循环。基本上,节点将以不能到达根节点的方式继续旋转(导致无限循环)。我已经检查了一些简单的例子(对于一些节点)并且它们有效。提供跑步的所有内容,如果有经验的人可以花时间运行这个程序,我会很感激,也许会发现回溯/轮换中出现了什么问题。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
获得类似的无限循环表示旋转功能可能存在问题。快速查看left_rotate
节目
y->left = x;
x->parent = y;
x->right = y->left;
最后一次作业中y->left
是什么? x
,所以你真正的x->right = x
。这显然是一个需要解决的问题。
right_rotate
中存在类似的问题。