我有以下代码用于测试LED：
configGlobal.h
#define F_CPU 1000000UL
#define setBit(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= (1 << bit))
#define clearBit(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~(1 << bit))
#define toggleBit(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) ^= (1 << bit))
的main.c
#include "configGlobal.h"
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#define LED PB0
#define LED_DDR DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
int main(void) {
// -------- Inits --------- //
DDRB |= 0b00000001; /* Data Direction Register B:
writing a one to the bit
enables output. */
// ------ Event loop ------ //
while (1) {
PORTB = 0b00000001; /* Turn on first LED bit/pin in PORTB */
_delay_ms(1000); /* wait */
PORTB = 0b00000000; /* Turn off all B pins, including LED */
_delay_ms(1000); /* wait */
} /* End event loop */
return 0; /* This line is never reached */
}
使用avrdude，代码以下面的详细输出加载到芯片上。 LED没有按预期亮起，但是当代码加载到芯片上时，它会很快闪烁。
AVR Development Stack
Get input main.c file...
Compile code and return elf file...
Convert elf file to hex...
Uploading data to microcontroller...
avrdude: Version 6.3, compiled on Sep 18 2017 at 20:31:51
Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch
System wide configuration file is "/usr/local/Cellar/avrdude/6.3/etc/avrdude.conf"
User configuration file is "/Users/sebastianscharf/.avrduderc"
User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping
Using Port : usb
Using Programmer : usbtiny
Overriding Baud Rate : 9600
avrdude: usbdev_open(): Found USBtinyISP, bus:device: 020:008
AVR Part : ATmega328P
Chip Erase delay : 9000 us
PAGEL : PD7
BS2 : PC2
RESET disposition : dedicated
RETRY pulse : SCK
serial program mode : yes
parallel program mode : yes
Timeout : 200
StabDelay : 100
CmdexeDelay : 25
SyncLoops : 32
ByteDelay : 0
PollIndex : 3
PollValue : 0x53
Memory Detail :
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
eeprom 65 20 4 0 no 1024 4 0 3600 3600 0xff 0xff
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
flash 65 6 128 0 yes 32768 128 256 4500 4500 0xff 0xff
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
lfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
hfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
efuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
lock 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
calibration 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
signature 0 0 0 0 no 3 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
Programmer Type : USBtiny
Description : USBtiny simple USB programmer, http://www.ladyada.net/make/usbtinyisp/
avrdude: programmer operation not supported
avrdude: Using SCK period of 10 usec
CMD: [ac 53 00 00] [00 00 53 00]
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
Reading | | 0% 0.00sCMD: [30 00 00 00] [00 30 00 1e]
CMD: [30 00 01 00] [00 30 00 95]
Reading | ################# | 33% 0.00sCMD: [30 00 02 00] [00 30 00 0f]
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e950f (probably m328p)
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 62]
avrdude: safemode read 1, lfuse value: 62
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 62]
avrdude: safemode read 2, lfuse value: 62
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 62]
avrdude: safemode read 3, lfuse value: 62
avrdude: safemode: lfuse reads as 62
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 d9]
avrdude: safemode read 1, hfuse value: d9
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 d9]
avrdude: safemode read 2, hfuse value: d9
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 d9]
avrdude: safemode read 3, hfuse value: d9
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as D9
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode read 1, efuse value: ff
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode read 2, efuse value: ff
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode read 3, efuse value: ff
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FF
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 62]
avrdude: safemode read 1, lfuse value: 62
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 62]
avrdude: safemode read 2, lfuse value: 62
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 62]
avrdude: safemode read 3, lfuse value: 62
avrdude: safemode: lfuse reads as 62
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 d9]
avrdude: safemode read 1, hfuse value: d9
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 d9]
avrdude: safemode read 2, hfuse value: d9
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 d9]
avrdude: safemode read 3, hfuse value: d9
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as D9
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode read 1, efuse value: ff
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode read 2, efuse value: ff
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode read 3, efuse value: ff
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FF
avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK (E:FF, H:D9, L:62)
avrdude done. Thank you.