如果我有以下文本文件:
Watermelon
Carrot
Spinach
Lettuce
Tomato
Lemon
如何将Carrot
到Tomato
(包括)的行附加到空列表中?
mylist = ['Carrot','Spinach','Lettuce','Tomato']
我试过了:
mylist = []
for aline in file:
aline = aline.rstrip('\n')
if aline.startswith('Carrot')
mylist.append(aline)
显然只是将'Carrot'
添加到列表中,但是如何让它一直追加到停止点?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你可以试试这个:
with open('filename.txt') as f:
file_data = [i.strip('\n') for i in f][1:-1]
更通用的解决方案:
with open('filename.txt') as f:
s = [i.strip('\n') for i in f]
final_data = s[s.index("Carrot"):s.index("Tomato")+1] if s.index("Carrot") < s.index("Tomato") else s[s.index("Tomato"):s.index("Carrot")+1]
答案 1 :(得分:1)
以更通用的方式,假设“胡萝卜”和“番茄”的位置都没有固定,但“胡萝卜”总是在“番茄”之前,你可以这样做:
with open('file.txt') as temp_file:
lines = [line.rstrip() for line in temp_file]
lines[lines.index("Carrot"):lines.index("Tomato")+1]
如果您无法分辨出哪个值(番茄或胡萝卜),您可以让Python为您解决:
with open('file.txt') as temp_file:
lines = [line.rstrip() for line in temp_file]
carrot_idx = lines.index("Carrot")
tomato_idx = lines.index("Tomato")
lines[min(carrot_idx,tomato_idx):max(carrot_idx,tomato_idx)+1]
答案 2 :(得分:1)
takewhile
的{p> dropwhlie
和itertools
是为此而制作的。
from itertools import takewhile, dropwhile
def from_to(filename, start, end):
with open(filename) as f:
stripped = (line.rstrip() for line in f)
dropped = dropwhile(lambda line: line != start, stripped)
taken = takewhile(lambda line: line != end, dropped)
for item in taken:
yield item
yield end
使用您的文件进行演示:
>>> list(from_to('test.txt', 'Carrot', 'Tomato'))
['Carrot', 'Spinach', 'Lettuce', 'Tomato']
这种方法的优点是您不会放弃已打开文件的迭代器属性,因此对于非常大的文件不会有任何记忆问题。