如何安排多个JPanels？

Question

我正在为编码类编写矩阵项目的开始过程。我目前只是想让GUI看起来像我想要的那样。这是我希望它看起来的快速草图：

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Hmt-9DNH6CGtV1eBJYSOu72Iu2cAqPe8/view?usp=sharing

（图片太大，无法上传，因此将云端硬盘连接起来是下一个最佳选择。）

基本上，用户可以输入2个矩阵的行和列，然后按下按钮进行计算。该程序将确保2个矩阵兼容，提示特定数字，然后最终计算将出现在标签中。

问题是我在Java方面仍然缺乏经验，这是我第一次使用超过1个JPanel。以下是我为Gui编写的代码：

    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    import javax.swing.border.Border;

public class GuiWindow {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    JFrame myGUI = new JFrame();
    myGUI.setTitle("Matrix Project");
    myGUI.setSize(600,600);
    myGUI.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    Border border = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.BLACK, 1); //borders

    JLabel AddLabel = new JLabel(); //creates JLabels
    AddLabel.setBorder(border);

    JLabel SubLabel = new JLabel();
    SubLabel.setBorder(border);

    JLabel MultLabel = new JLabel();
    MultLabel.setBorder(border);

    JPanel main = new JPanel(); //Adds JLabel panel
    myGUI.add(main);
    main.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 3));
    main.setAlignmentY(Component.TOP_ALIGNMENT);
    main.add(MultLabel);
    main.add(SubLabel);
    main.add(AddLabel);

    JTextField row1txt = new JTextField(); //textfields to input rows and columns
    row1txt.setText("Matrix 1 rows...");
    JTextField column1txt = new JTextField();
    column1txt.setText("Matrix 1 columns...");
    JTextField row2txt = new JTextField();
    row2txt.setText("Matrix 2 rows...");
    JTextField column2txt = new JTextField();
    column2txt.setText("Matrix 2 columns...");

    JPanel input = new JPanel(); //adds textfield panel
    myGUI.add(input);
    input.setLayout(new GridLayout (2, 2, 3, 3));
    input.add(row1txt);
    input.add(column1txt);
    input.add(row2txt);
    input.add(column2txt);


    JButton Calc = new JButton(); //button to eventually calculate
    Calc.setText("Calculate");

    JPanel CalcButton = new JPanel(); //adds button panel
    myGUI.add(CalcButton);
    CalcButton.add(Calc); 

    myGUI.setVisible(true); //instantiates the gui
}

}

当我加载代码时，我看到的只是按钮。这是有道理的。我没有将3个JPanel分成不同的部分，因此Java只是将它们放在一起。当然，这里有一个问题：你如何将这些Jpanel分成JFrame的不同部分，这样它至少看起来像我的草图？

感谢任何帮助。谢谢！

Answer 1

您要做的第一件事是阅读Laying Out Components Within a Container。

你可以使用复合GridLayout来做到这一点，但是对于我的钱，GridBagLayout提供了更大的灵活性。

import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Test();
    }

    public Test() {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame();
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridx = 0;
            gbc.gridy = 0;
            gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
            gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
            gbc.weightx = 1;
            gbc.weighty = 0.5;
            add(new TopPane(), gbc);

            gbc.weightx = 0.5;
            gbc.gridy++;
            gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
            gbc.gridwidth = 1;
            add(new CheckerPane(), gbc);

            gbc.gridx++;
            add(new JButton("Button"), gbc);
        }

    }

    public class TopPane extends JPanel {

        public TopPane() {
            setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 3));
            add(new JLabel("label1", JLabel.CENTER));
            add(new JLabel("label2", JLabel.CENTER));
            add(new JLabel("label3", JLabel.CENTER));
        }

    }


    public class CheckerPane extends JPanel {

        public CheckerPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridx = 0;
            gbc.gridy = 0;
            add(new JCheckBox("Tick box 1"), gbc);
            gbc.gridx++;
            add(new JCheckBox("Tick box 2"), gbc);
            gbc.gridx = 0;
            gbc.gridy++;
            add(new JCheckBox("Tick box 3"), gbc);
            gbc.gridx++;
            add(new JCheckBox("Tick box 4"), gbc);
        }

    }

}