我试图将条形图和折线图结合起来，但我似乎无法弄明白。我尝试了代码here，但不要透露。我有以下代码和Dataframe：
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.ComponentModel
Namespace com_test
Public Partial Class Form1
Inherits Form
'displays device
Private Function PrintDevice(dev As IMMDevice) As String
Dim propertyStore As IPropertyStore = Nothing
Dim pDeviceTopology As IDeviceTopology = Nothing
Dim pConnFrom As IConnector = Nothing
Dim pConnTo As IConnector = Nothing
Dim pPart As IPart = Nothing
Dim pJackDesc As IKsJackDescription = Nothing
Dim desc As New KSJACK_DESCRIPTION()
Dim res As New StringBuilder(300)
Dim o As Object = Nothing
Dim state As Integer = 0
Dim con_count As UInteger = 0
Try
'device name
'STGM_READ
dev.OpenPropertyStore(0, o)
propertyStore = TryCast(o, IPropertyStore)
Dim friendlyName As New PropVariant()
propertyStore.GetValue(Native.PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, friendlyName)
res.AppendLine(friendlyName.Value.ToString())
'form factor
Dim FormFactor As New PropVariant()
propertyStore.GetValue(Native.PKEY_AudioEndpoint_FormFactor, FormFactor)
Dim f As EndpointFormFactor = EndpointFormFactor.UnknownFormFactor
[Enum].TryParse(Of EndpointFormFactor)(FormFactor.Value.ToString(), f)
res.AppendLine("Form factor: " + f.ToString())
dev.GetState(state)
Dim str As String = ""
Select Case state
Case Native.DEVICE_STATE_DISABLE
str = ("Disabled")
Exit Select
Case Native.DEVICE_STATE_NOTPRESENT
str = ("Not present")
Exit Select
Case Native.DEVICE_STATE_UNPLUGGED
str = ("Unplugged")
Exit Select
End Select
If str <> "" Then
res.AppendLine(str)
End If
' DEVICE TOPOLOGY
Dim iidDeviceTopology As New Guid("2A07407E-6497-4A18-9787-32F79BD0D98F")
dev.Activate(iidDeviceTopology, CUInt(CLSCTX.CLSCTX_ALL), IntPtr.Zero, o)
pDeviceTopology = TryCast(o, IDeviceTopology)
pDeviceTopology.GetConnector(0, pConnFrom)
Try
o = Nothing
pConnFrom.GetConnectedTo(o)
pConnTo = TryCast(o, IConnector)
pPart = CType(pConnTo, IPart)
'QueryInterface
Dim iidKsJackDescription As New Guid("4509F757-2D46-4637-8E62-CE7DB944F57B")
pPart.Activate(CUInt(CLSCTX.CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER), iidKsJackDescription, o)
pJackDesc = CType(o, IKsJackDescription)
If pJackDesc IsNot Nothing Then
con_count = 0
pJackDesc.GetJackCount(con_count)
If con_count > 0 Then
Dim sb As StringBuilder
'display jacks
For i As UInteger = 0 To con_count - 1
pJackDesc.GetJackDescription(i, desc)
sb = New StringBuilder(100)
Dim con_type As EPcxConnectionType = CType(desc.ConnectionType, EPcxConnectionType)
Dim loc As EPcxGeoLocation = CType(desc.GeoLocation, EPcxGeoLocation)
res.Append("* ")
Select Case con_type
Case EPcxConnectionType.eConnType3Point5mm
sb.Append("Jack 3.5 mm ")
Exit Select
Case EPcxConnectionType.eConnTypeAtapiInternal
sb.Append("ATAPI jack")
Exit Select
Case EPcxConnectionType.eConnTypeRCA
sb.Append("RCA jack")
Exit Select
Case EPcxConnectionType.eConnTypeQuarter
sb.Append("1/2 in. jack ")
Exit Select
Case EPcxConnectionType.eConnTypeOtherAnalog
sb.Append("Analog jack ")
Exit Select
Case EPcxConnectionType.eConnTypeOtherDigital
sb.Append("Digital jack ")
Exit Select
Case Else
sb.Append(con_type.ToString() + " ")
Exit Select
End Select
sb.Append("- " + loc.ToString())
'jack location
res.Append(sb.ToString())
If desc.IsConnected = 0 Then
res.AppendLine(": Disconnected")
Else
res.AppendLine(": Connected")
End If
'end for
Next
Else
res.AppendLine("* No jacks")
End If
Else
res.AppendLine("* Unable to get jacks")
End If
Catch ex As COMException
If CUInt(ex.HResult) = &H80070490UI Then
'E_NOTFOUND
res.AppendLine("Disconnected")
Else
res.AppendLine("COM error while getting jacks: " + ex.Message)
End If
Catch ex As Exception
res.AppendLine("Error while getting jacks: " + ex.Message)
End Try
Finally
'clean up resources
If dev IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(dev)
End If
If propertyStore IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(propertyStore)
End If
If pDeviceTopology IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pDeviceTopology)
pDeviceTopology = Nothing
End If
If pConnFrom IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pConnFrom)
pConnFrom = Nothing
End If
If pConnTo IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pConnTo)
pConnTo = Nothing
End If
If pPart IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pPart)
pPart = Nothing
End If
If pJackDesc IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pJackDesc)
pJackDesc = Nothing
End If
End Try
Return res.ToString()
End Function
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
End Sub
Private Sub button_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
Dim devenum As New MMDeviceEnumerator()
'Create enumerator
Dim deviceEnumerator As IMMDeviceEnumerator = CType(devenum, IMMDeviceEnumerator)
Dim defDevice As IMMDevice = Nothing
Dim propertyStore As IPropertyStore = Nothing
Try
Dim o As Object = Nothing
' * get default device *
deviceEnumerator.GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(EDataFlow.eRender, ERole.eConsole, o)
defDevice = TryCast(o, IMMDevice)
textBox1.Text = "Default sound device: " + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine
textBox1.Text += PrintDevice(defDevice)
Catch ex As Exception
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString())
Finally
'clean up resources
If devenum IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(devenum)
End If
If deviceEnumerator IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(deviceEnumerator)
End If
If defDevice IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(defDevice)
End If
If propertyStore IsNot Nothing Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(propertyStore)
End If
End Try
End Sub
End Class
End Namespace
然后我尝试绘制这样的图形：
import datetime
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as dates
import matplotlib
matplotlib.style.use('ggplot')
%matplotlib inline
dates = pd.date_range('2017-09-16',periods=11)
df = pd.DataFrame({'Elektra_Cost': pd.Series([1.483393,
1.483393,
1.483393,
1.481280,
1.470714,
1.470714,
1.470714,
1.506829,
1.677233,
1.721489,
1.766318], index=dates, dtype='float64'),
'Gas_Cost': pd.Series([0.82122857,
0.82122857,
0.82122857,
0.85281429,
1.01074286,
1.01074286,
1.01074286,
0.92651429,
1.04047059,
1.50217941,
0.58479348],index=dates,dtype='float64'),
'TG10': pd.Series([10.3,
11.0,
11.3,
12.0,
13.0,
13.1,
12.8,
11.1,
13.5,
14.1,
13.3],index=dates,dtype='float64'),
'TN10': pd.Series([5.8,
4.3,
9.0,
7.5,
8.2,
7.9,
6.0,
4.3,
4.6,
8.5,
8.8],index=dates,dtype='float64'),
'TX10': pd.Series([15.7,
17.3,
15.4,
17.3,
18.5,
19.2,
20.0,
18.2,
20.6,
18.9,
18.2],index=dates,dtype='float64'),
})
结果如下图所示：
为什么我没有在图表中看到线条（TG10，TN10和TX10）？
我在jupyter笔记本中运行它
更新
第一个建议link就行了。所以我最终这样做了：
ax = df[['TG10', 'TN10', 'TX10']].plot(figsize=(20,15), linestyle='--', secondary_y=['TG10', 'TN10', 'TX10'])
df[['Elektra_Cost', 'Gas_Cost']].plot(figsize=(20,15), kind='bar', ax=ax)
plt.show()
导致：