如何使用pygame创建文本输入框？
我希望在python中从用户那里获得一些文本输入，并在文本框中显示他们输入的内容，当他们按回车键时，它会存储在一个字符串中。我到处都看，但我找不到任何东西。（我正在使用pygame）
5 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：20)
您可以将rect定义为输入框的区域。如果发生pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN事件，请使用colliderect rect的input_box方法检查它是否与event.pos发生冲突，然后通过设置active将其激活变量为True。
如果该框处于活动状态，您可以输入内容，而pygame会生成pygame.KEYDOWN个事件，这些事件具有unicode属性，您可以将其添加到字符串中，例如text += event.unicode。如果用户按Enter键，您可以使用text字符串执行某些操作（在我打印的示例中）并将其重置为''。
import pygame as pg
def main():
screen = pg.display.set_mode((640, 480))
font = pg.font.Font(None, 32)
clock = pg.time.Clock()
input_box = pg.Rect(100, 100, 140, 32)
color_inactive = pg.Color('lightskyblue3')
color_active = pg.Color('dodgerblue2')
color = color_inactive
active = False
text = ''
done = False
while not done:
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
done = True
if event.type == pg.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
# If the user clicked on the input_box rect.
if input_box.collidepoint(event.pos):
# Toggle the active variable.
active = not active
else:
active = False
# Change the current color of the input box.
color = color_active if active else color_inactive
if event.type == pg.KEYDOWN:
if active:
if event.key == pg.K_RETURN:
print(text)
text = ''
elif event.key == pg.K_BACKSPACE:
text = text[:-1]
else:
text += event.unicode
screen.fill((30, 30, 30))
# Render the current text.
txt_surface = font.render(text, True, color)
# Resize the box if the text is too long.
width = max(200, txt_surface.get_width()+10)
input_box.w = width
# Blit the text.
screen.blit(txt_surface, (input_box.x+5, input_box.y+5))
# Blit the input_box rect.
pg.draw.rect(screen, color, input_box, 2)
pg.display.flip()
clock.tick(30)
if __name__ == '__main__':
pg.init()
main()
pg.quit()
这是一个面向对象的变体，可以让您轻松创建多个输入框：
import pygame as pg
pg.init()
screen = pg.display.set_mode((640, 480))
COLOR_INACTIVE = pg.Color('lightskyblue3')
COLOR_ACTIVE = pg.Color('dodgerblue2')
FONT = pg.font.Font(None, 32)
class InputBox:
def __init__(self, x, y, w, h, text=''):
self.rect = pg.Rect(x, y, w, h)
self.color = COLOR_INACTIVE
self.text = text
self.txt_surface = FONT.render(text, True, self.color)
self.active = False
def handle_event(self, event):
if event.type == pg.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
# If the user clicked on the input_box rect.
if self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
# Toggle the active variable.
self.active = not self.active
else:
self.active = False
# Change the current color of the input box.
self.color = COLOR_ACTIVE if self.active else COLOR_INACTIVE
if event.type == pg.KEYDOWN:
if self.active:
if event.key == pg.K_RETURN:
print(self.text)
self.text = ''
elif event.key == pg.K_BACKSPACE:
self.text = self.text[:-1]
else:
self.text += event.unicode
# Re-render the text.
self.txt_surface = FONT.render(self.text, True, self.color)
def update(self):
# Resize the box if the text is too long.
width = max(200, self.txt_surface.get_width()+10)
self.rect.w = width
def draw(self, screen):
# Blit the text.
screen.blit(self.txt_surface, (self.rect.x+5, self.rect.y+5))
# Blit the rect.
pg.draw.rect(screen, self.color, self.rect, 2)
def main():
clock = pg.time.Clock()
input_box1 = InputBox(100, 100, 140, 32)
input_box2 = InputBox(100, 300, 140, 32)
input_boxes = [input_box1, input_box2]
done = False
while not done:
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
done = True
for box in input_boxes:
box.handle_event(event)
for box in input_boxes:
box.update()
screen.fill((30, 30, 30))
for box in input_boxes:
box.draw(screen)
pg.display.flip()
clock.tick(30)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
pg.quit()
还有第三方模块，如pygame_textinput。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
您可以找到一个出色的pygame文本输入 here 模块。
我已经使用了一段时间了，我真的很喜欢它。描述中包含了如何使用它的教程。
但是，我通过在 __ init __（）中添加 rect 和 rect_color 参数来增加在文本周围绘制（彩色）矩形的可能性。 b>函数并添加
if self.rect != None:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.rect_color, self.rect) #screen is my pygame display surface
到 update（ self，events ）函数。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
使用KEYDOWN事件从键盘获取输入（请参见pygame.event）。可以从pygame.event.Event对象的key属性获得按下的键。 unicode包含一个字符串，它是完全翻译的字符。按下键时，将字符添加到文本中。
需要处理两个特殊键。如果按下 RETURN ，则输入完成。如果按下 BACKSPACE ，则必须删除输入文本的最后一个字符：
repl.it/@Rabbid76/PyGame-TextInput
import pygame
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 100)
text = ""
input_active = True
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
input_active = True
text = ""
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and input_active:
if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
input_active = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
text = text[:-1]
else:
text += event.unicode
window.fill(0)
text_surf = font.render(text, True, (255, 0, 0))
window.blit(text_surf, text_surf.get_rect(center = window.get_rect().center))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
在pygame.sprite.Sprite类中使用该算法。使用update方法处理事件。使用collidepoint（请参阅How to detect when a rectangular object, image or sprite is clicked）确定鼠标是否在文本输入字段中单击并激活文本输入框：
class TextInputBox(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# [...]
def update(self, event_list):
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not self.active:
self.active = self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos)
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and self.active:
if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
self.active = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
self.text = self.text[:-1]
else:
self.text += event.unicode
self.render_text()
将事件列表传递给包含 Sprite 的 Group 的update方法：
event_list = pygame.event.get()
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
group.update(event_list)
最小示例： repl.it/@Rabbid76/PyGame-SpriteTextInput
import pygame
class TextInputBox(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y, w, font):
super().__init__()
self.color = (255, 255, 255)
self.backcolor = None
self.pos = (x, y)
self.width = w
self.font = font
self.active = False
self.text = ""
self.render_text()
def render_text(self):
t_surf = font.render(self.text, True, self.color, self.backcolor)
self.image = pygame.Surface((max(self.width, t_surf.get_width()+10), t_surf.get_height()+10), pygame.SRCALPHA)
if self.backcolor:
self.image.fill(self.backcolor)
self.image.blit(t_surf, (5, 5))
pygame.draw.rect(self.image, self.color, self.image.get_rect().inflate(-2, -2), 2)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft = self.pos)
def update(self, event_list):
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not self.active:
self.active = self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos)
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and self.active:
if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
self.active = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
self.text = self.text[:-1]
else:
self.text += event.unicode
self.render_text()
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 100)
text_input_box = TextInputBox(50, 50, 400, font)
group = pygame.sprite.Group(text_input_box)
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
event_list = pygame.event.get()
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
group.update(event_list)
window.fill(0)
group.draw(window)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
答案 3 :(得分：0)
pygame_gui模块允许您通过创建UITextEntryLine实例从用户创建text_input框。您需要像quick start guide中一样设置实例。
创建text_input：
from pygame.rect import Rect
from pygame_gui.elements.ui_text_entry_line import UITextEntryLine
text_input = UITextEntryLine(relative_rect=Rect(0, 0, 100, 100), manager=manager)
如果单击enter，则获取文本：
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.USEREVENT:
if event.user_type == pygame_gui.UI_TEXT_ENTRY_FINISHED:
if event.ui_element == text_input:
entered_text = text
答案 4 :(得分：0)
我写了一个可以处理文本输入的类
最小示例：
import pygame as pg
from pgtextbox import pgtextbox
pg.init()
screen=pg.display.set_mode((1000,500))
textbox=pgtextbox(200,20)
textbox.insertAtCurser('Hallo')
while True:
e = pg.event.wait(30000)
if e.type == pg.QUIT:
raise StopIteration
textbox.addPgEvent(e)#uses keydown events
print(textbox.text)
screen.fill((0,0,0))
screen.blit(textbox.render(),(10,0))
pg.display.flip()
pg.display.quit()
pgtextbox 类：
import pygame as pg
class pgtextbox:#By K1521
def __init__(self,width=100,height=10,fontname=None):
self.surface=pg.Surface((width,height))
self.text=""
self.width=width
self.height=height
self.font=pg.font.Font(fontname,pgtextbox.getMaxFontSize(fontname,lineheight=height))
self.curserindex=0
self.cursersurface=pg.Surface((self.font.size("|")[0]//2,self.font.size("|")[1]))
self.cursersurface.fill((255,255,255))
#self.cursersurface=self.font.render("|",False,(255,255,255),(0,0,0))
self.offsety=int((height-self.font.get_linesize())/2)
self.offsetx=0
def curserpos(self):
return self.font.size(self.text[:self.curserindex])[0]
def addPgEvent(self,event):
if event.type==pg.KEYDOWN:
if event.key==pg.K_BACKSPACE:
self.deleteAtCurser()
elif event.key==pg.K_RIGHT:
self.offsetCurser(1)
elif event.key==pg.K_LEFT:
self.offsetCurser(-1)
else:
self.insertAtCurser(event.unicode)
def render(self):
self.surface.fill((0,0,0))
width=self.width-self.cursersurface.get_width()
text=self.font.render(self.text,False,(255,255,255),(0,0,0))
if self.curserindex>=0:
curserpos=self.curserpos()+self.offsetx
curserposnew=max(0,min(curserpos,width))
self.offsetx+=curserposnew-curserpos
curserpos=curserposnew
#if curserpos<0:
#self.offsetx-=curserpos
#curserpos=0
#if curserpos>width:
#curserpos=curserpos-width
#self.offsetx-=curserpos
else:
#self.offsetx=min(width-text.get_width(),0)
self.offsetx=0
self.surface.blit(text,(self.offsetx,self.offsety))
if self.curserindex>=0:
self.surface.blit(self.cursersurface,(curserpos,self.offsety))
#print((curserpos,self.offsety))
return self.surface
def insertAtCurser(self,t):
if self.curserindex<0:
self.curserindex=len(self.text)
self.text=self.text[:self.curserindex]+t+self.text[self.curserindex:]
self.curserindex+=len(t)
def deleteAtCurser(self,length=1):
if self.curserindex<0:
self.curserindex=len(self.text)
newcurserindex=max(0,self.curserindex-length)
self.text=self.text[:newcurserindex]+self.text[self.curserindex:]
self.curserindex=newcurserindex
def offsetCurser(self,i):
self.curserindex=max(min(self.curserindex+i,len(self.text)),0)
@staticmethod
def longestline(self,fontname,lines):
size=pg.font.Font(fontname,1000)
return max(lines,key=lambda t:size(t)[0])
@staticmethod
def getMaxFontSize(fontname,width=None,lineheight=None,line=None):
def font(size):
return pg.font.Font(fontname,size)
fontsize=float("inf")# inf
if width:
aproxsize=width*1000//font(1000).size(line)[0]
while font(aproxsize).size(line)[0]<width:
aproxsize+=1
while font(aproxsize).size(line)[0]>width:
aproxsize-=1
fontsize=min(aproxsize,fontsize)
if lineheight:
aproxsize=lineheight*4//3
while font(aproxsize).get_linesize()<lineheight:
aproxsize+=1
while font(aproxsize).get_linesize()>lineheight:
aproxsize-=1
fontsize=min(aproxsize,fontsize)
return fontsize
@staticmethod
def rendermultilinetext(text,width=None,height=10,fontname=None,antialias=False,color=(255,255,255),background=None):
if(len(text)-text.count("\n")==0):
return pg.Surface((0,0))
def font(size):
return pg.font.Font(fontname,size)
text=text.split("\n")
fontsize=1000000000# inf
longestline=None
if height:
longestline=pgtextbox.longestline(fontname,lines)
fontsize=pgtextbox.getMaxFontSize(fontname,width,lineheight,longestline)
font=font(fontsize)
width=font.size(longestline)[0]
lineheight=font.get_linesize()
heigth=len(text)*lineheight
textsurface=pg.Surface((width,heigth))
if background:
textsurface.fill(background)
for i,line in enumerate(text):
textsurface.blit(font.render(line,antialias,color,background),(0,i*lineheight))
return textsurface
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