Matplotlib,刷新图像与imshow更快

时间:2017-08-29 09:17:19

标签: python matplotlib pyqt5 python-3.6 imshow

我正在开发一个项目,我必须在GUI窗口上绘制320 * 250像素的图像,如果可能的话,每秒60次。所以我尝试使用 matplotlib 2.0.2 Python 3.6 PyQt5 (因为我开始了解这些工具并在另一个项目上工作)用这个),用以下方式:

import sys, random, matplotlib
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

class SecondWindow(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(SecondWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(800, 600)

        self.figure = plt.figure()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111)

        self.setLayout(QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout())
        self.layout().addWidget(self.canvas)

        self.initialisationFigure()

        self.timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.majFigure)
        self.timer.start(16)

        self.timer2 = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        self.timer2.timeout.connect(self.NumberRefreshPerSecond)
        self.timer2.start(1000)

    def NumberRefreshPerSecond(self):
        print(self.count)
        self.count = 0

    def majFigure(self):
        self.count = self.count + 1
        self.plot.set_data([[random.random() for x in range(1, 320)] for y in range(1, 250)])
        # self.canvas.draw()
        self.axes.draw_artist(self.axes.patch)
        self.axes.draw_artist(self.plot)
        self.canvas.update()
        self.canvas.flush_events()

    def initialisationFigure(self):
        self.plot = self.axes.imshow([[random.random() for x in range(1,320)] for y in range(1,250)], interpolation='none')
        self.count = 0
        self.canvas.draw()

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        self.timer.stop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    form = SecondWindow()
    form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

我进行了优化,就像我可以关闭插值,并且仅绘制一次图形,但是使用此代码,程序每秒仅刷新图形20次,而计时器正确设置为16ms(1 / 60Hz)。

我希望有人可以帮我提供一些改进代码的线索。 我提前感谢你了!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

Matplotlib可以生成出版质量图,但遗憾的是它并不适合实时绘图和视频。

如果不是严格的要求,请考虑使用pyqtgraph module。它与pyqt5配合得很好,旨在弥补matplotlib的缺点,特别是在实时区域:

  

如果您正在做任何需要快速绘图更新,视频或实时交互的内容,matplotlib不是最佳选择。   这是(在我看来)matplotlib最大的弱点

(from pyqtgraph site)

它还有其他(可选)功能,如感兴趣区域,标准化和直方图绘制。

此代码可以在我的笔记本电脑上产生~160 FPS(禁用直方图):

import sys, random, matplotlib
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

import pyqtgraph as pg
import numpy as np


class SecondWindow(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(SecondWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(800, 600)

        self.im_widget = pg.ImageView(self)
        # uncomment to hide histogram
        # self.im_widget.ui.histogram.hide()

        self.setLayout(QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout())
        self.layout().addWidget(self.im_widget)

        self.initialisationFigure()

        self.timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.majFigure)
        self.timer.start(16)

        self.timer2 = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        self.timer2.timeout.connect(self.NumberRefreshPerSecond)
        self.timer2.start(1000)

    def NumberRefreshPerSecond(self):
        print(self.count)
        self.count = 0

    def majFigure(self):
        self.count = self.count + 1
        # numpy random.rand also much faster than list comprehension
        data = np.random.rand(320, 250)
        self.im_widget.setImage(data)

    def initialisationFigure(self):
        self.count = 0
        self.im_widget.show()

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        self.timer.stop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    form = SecondWindow()
    form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())