使用FFI链接到Rust的本地C库

Question

我正在尝试在Rust中包装quite large C library。我使用bindgen生成绑定。 Rust似乎满足于那些。然而，尽管我尝试了不同的尝试以及我对build-script docs的多次阅读，但我仍在继续解决问题。

我正在使用的库有一组csh脚本，最终构建了两个cspice.a文件：csupport.a和cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib。它们都存储在我项目的build.rs中（参见底部的树）。

我目前通过调用我的测试中的常量和函数来测试正确的绑定，参见lib.rs（在我的Github上）。

我非常怀疑我Cargo.toml或Running `rustc --crate-name spice src/lib.rs --crate-type lib --emit=dep-info,link -C debuginfo=2 -C metadata=94c06ffe4bfd7d5f -C extra-filename=-94c06ffe4bfd7d5f --out-dir /home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps -L dependency=/home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps -L native=cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib -l static=cspice` error: could not find native static library `cspice`, perhaps an -L flag is missing? error: Could not compile `spice`. Caused by: process didn't exit successfully: `rustc --crate-name spice src/lib.rs --crate-type lib --emit=dep-info,link -C debuginfo=2 -C metadata=94c06ffe4bfd7d5f -C extra-filename=-94c06ffe4bfd7d5f --out-dir /home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps -L dependency=/home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps -L native=cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib -l static=cspice` (exit code: 101) Build failed, waiting for other jobs to finish... error: linking with `cc` failed: exit code: 1 | = note: "cc" "-Wl,--as-needed" "-Wl,-z,noexecstack" "-m64" "-L" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "/home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps/spice-e22b64d176595306.0.o" "-o" "/home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps/spice-e22b64d176595306" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-pie" "-nodefaultlibs" "-L" "/home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps" "-L" "cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib" "-L" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-Wl,-Bstatic" "-Wl,--whole-archive" "-l" "cspice" "-Wl,--no-whole-archive" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libtest-163c20e386ec0612.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libgetopts-bd312ea730ea22d0.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libterm-4959b4e709084e0a.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-35ad9950c7e5074b.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libpanic_unwind-fb44afc024bbc636.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libunwind-14b8f3202acdad6a.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librand-20a50a22d4c2b1e9.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcollections-b479831207997444.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liballoc-10b591f1a68dd370.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liballoc_jemalloc-28913dc5a1e63cd7.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liblibc-6ecacccb5bdc4911.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd_unicode-f4f0ae88f5ad8ad4.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcore-bfaa82017ca17cb2.rlib" "/home/chris/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcompiler_builtins-863b57a66ba6c3e1.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-l" "dl" "-l" "rt" "-l" "pthread" "-l" "gcc_s" "-l" "pthread" "-l" "c" "-l" "m" "-l" "rt" "-l" "pthread" "-l" "util" = note: /usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.8/../../../../x86_64-suse-linux/bin/ld: cannot find -lcspice collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status error: aborting due to previous error(s) error: Could not compile `spice`. Caused by: process didn't exit successfully: `rustc --crate-name spice src/lib.rs --emit=dep-info,link -C debuginfo=2 --test -C metadata=e22b64d176595306 -C extra-filename=-e22b64d176595306 --out-dir /home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps -L dependency=/home/chris/Workspace/rust/SPICE/target/debug/deps -L native=cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib -l static=cspice` (exit code: 101) 不太可能出现问题。

链接错误

build.rs

extern crate bindgen; use std::env; use std::path::PathBuf; fn main() { let out_dir = env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap(); // Tell cargo to tell rustc to link the system bzip2 // shared library. println!("cargo:rustc-link-search=native=cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib"); println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=static=cspice"); //println!("cargo:rustc-flags=-L cspice_linux_gcc_64bit/lib"); // The bindgen::Builder is the main entry point // to bindgen, and lets you build up options for // the resulting bindings. let bindings = bindgen::Builder::default() // The input header we would like to generate // bindings for. .header("spice_wrapper.h") // Finish the builder and generate the bindings. .generate() // Unwrap the Result and panic on failure. .expect("Unable to generate bindings"); let out_path = PathBuf::from(out_dir.clone()); // Write the bindings to the $OUT_DIR/bindings.rs file. bindings .write_to_file(out_path.join("spice_bindings.rs")) .expect("Couldn't write bindings!"); }

Cargo.toml

[package] (...) links = "cspice" build = "build.rs" [build-dependencies] bindgen = "0.26.3" [dependencies]

.
├── build.rs
├── Cargo.lock
├── Cargo.toml
├── cspice_linux_gcc_64bit
│   ├── data
│   ├── doc
│   ├── etc
│   ├── exe
│   ├── include
│   ├── lib
│   ├── makeall.csh
│   └── src
├── spice_wrapper.h
├── src
│   └── lib.rs
└── target
    └── debug

树

li

Answer 1

  

构建两个.a文件：a和cspice.a

在Linux上，静态库通常称为csupport.a，但您的库没有libfoo.a前缀。

将文件重命名为lib应该允许它编译。我不确定您是否要修改构建脚本或库构建脚本以执行重命名。它甚至可能是库本身有一个编译开关，使用平台标准命名方案。