我正在尝试重载我的运算符 - > for句柄类返回const和非const指针,指向基类。
查看我发布的代码,在试用函数中,如果我添加了const关键字,则会出现错误消息
||=== Build: Debug in Const trial (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler) ===|
C:\Const trial\main.cpp
||In function 'bool trial(Cards_pointer)':|
C:\Const trial\main.cpp|50|error: passing 'const Cards_pointer' as 'this' argument of 'Cards*& Cards_pointer::operator->()' discards qualifiers [-fpermissive]|
||=== Build failed: 1 error(s), 0 warning(s) (0 minute(s), 0 second(s)) ===|
我的问题是,是否可以这样做,如果是的话,我可以知道什么是正确的实施方案?
#include <iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<stdexcept>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
class Cards
{
private:
int x;
public:
Cards():x(3) {}
int rx()const
{
return x;
}
};
class Cards_pointer
{
private:
Cards* cp;
size_t* refptr;
public:
//default constructor
Cards_pointer():cp(0),refptr(new size_t(1)) {}
Cards_pointer(Cards*t):cp(t),refptr(new size_t(1)) {}
//copy constructor
Cards_pointer (const Cards_pointer&s):cp(s.cp),refptr(s.refptr)
{
refptr=s.refptr;
cp=s.cp;
//++*refptr;
*refptr=*refptr+1;
}
Cards*&operator->()
{
if(cp)
return cp;
else throw std::runtime_error("uninitialized Cards");
}
};
bool trial(const Cards_pointer x)
{
if(x->rx()==3)
return true;
return false;
}
int main()
{
Cards_pointer x=new Cards();
bool cond=trial(x);
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
只需返回指向const的指针并提供const限定的重载
class Something {
public:
void bar() {}
void foo() const {}
};
class Wrapper {
public:
Something* operator->() {
return &this->something;
}
const Something* operator->() const {
return &this->something;
}
private:
Something something;
};
int main() {
const auto c_wrapper = Wrapper{};
c_wrapper->foo();
// The below is an error
// c_wrapper->bar();
auto m_wrapper = Wrapper{};
m_wrapper->bar();
}
如果您担心const和非const重载中的重复代码,请参阅Const function calling non const or vice versa (to avoid duplication)?
答案 1 :(得分:0)
如果你重载operator->
,行为将不会模仿内置指针(并且完全没有意义)。
内置指针有两种形式:指针和指向const的指针。 (我们在这里忽略volatile)。这些风格是不同的类型。指针本身是const与它们指向的constness无关。
为了模仿这种行为,你需要两种版本的Cards_pointer,一种是operator->
,它返回一个普通的指针,一种是operator->
,它返回一个指向const的指针。
class Cards_pointer_base { ... };
class Cards_pointer: private Cards_pointer_base {
public:
// usual constructors/assignment operators
using ...; // necessary members from the base
Cards* operator->() { ... }
};
class Cards_const_pointer: private Cards_pointer_base {
public:
// usual constructors/assignment operators
using ...; // necessary members from the base
const Cards* operator->() { ... }
// conversions from pointer to non-const
Cards_const_pointer(const Cards_pointer& from) { ... }
Cards_const_pointer& operator=(const Cards_pointer& from) { ... }
};
标准智能指针是类模板,因此可以只写shared_ptr<Cards>
和shared_ptr<const Cards>
。