Question

我有一个使用optargs的BASH脚本。我的几个标志用于设置变量。有没有办法强制我的脚本在运行其他函数之前设置这些变量？

例如，我的标志-b -r -t需要参数来设置变量。我的另一个标志-a取决于所设置的变量。当我调用我的脚本./myscript.sh -a -b foo -r bar -t foobar时，由-a触发的函数无法访问已设置的变量。当我执行./myscript.sh -b foo -r bar -t foobar -a时，触发的函数可以访问变量。

作为参考，到目前为止我的WIP代码是：

#!/bin/bash
# -a        = run all functions
# -c        = checkout only
# -p        = pull only
# -x        = checkout, pull, mvn clean install
# -m        = mvn clean install only
# -t        = top level directory of your projects
# -r        = path to coreRepos.txt
# -b        = branch name to check out
#

BRANCH=""
BASEDIR=""
COREREPOS=""
allFunctions() { 
    echo "In all"
    checkPull
    maven

    echo "$BRANCH $BASEDIR $COREREPOS"
    return
  }
checkout() { 
    echo "In checkout" 
    return
}
pull() { 
    echo "In pull" 
    return
}
checkPull() { 
    echo "In checkPull" 
    checkout
    pull
    return
}
maven() { 
    echo "In maven" 
    return
}



while getopts ":acpxmht:r:b:" opt; do
  case $opt in

    b)
        echo "-branch set as: $OPTARG"
        BRANCH=$OPTARG
        export BRANCH
        echo "Echoing $BRANCH"
        ;;
    t)
        echo "-t set as: $OPTARG"
        BASEDIR=$OPTARG
        export BASEDIR
        ;;
    r)
        echo "-r set as: $OPTARG"
        COREREPOS=$OPTARG
        export COREREPOS
        ;;  
    a)
        echo "-all triggered"
        allFunctions
        exit
        ;;
    c)
        echo "-check triggered"
        ;;
    p)
        echo "-pull triggered"
        ;;
    x)
        echo "-check-pull triggered"
        ;;
    m)
        echo "-maven-only triggered"
        ;;
    \?)
        echo "Invalid option: -$OPTARG" >&2
        exit 1
        ;;
    h)
        echo "Help invoked..."
        exit 0
        ;;
  esac
done


exit 0

Answer 1

解析命令行选项时，尽量少做一些工作。只记录传递的选项以及任何参数。完成后，您可以采取参数请求的任何操作。这可以让您在事件发生时完全控制。它不仅可以确保在调用需要它的函数之前设置BRANCH，而且如果命令行看起来像check，它可以避免在调用allActions之前不必要地调用myscript.sh -c -a }。

#!/bin/bash # -a = run all functions # -c = checkout only # -p = pull only # -x = checkout, pull, mvn clean install # -m = mvn clean install only # -t = top level directory of your projects # -r = path to coreRepos.txt # -b = branch name to check out # BRANCH="" BASEDIR="" COREREPOS="" allFunctions() { echo "In all" checkPull maven echo "$BRANCH $BASEDIR $COREREPOS" return } checkout() { echo "In checkout" return } pull() { echo "In pull" return } checkPull() { echo "In checkPull" checkout pull return } maven() { echo "In maven" return } while getopts ":acpxmht:r:b:" opt; do case $opt in b) echo "-branch set as: $OPTARG" BRANCH=$OPTARG export BRANCH echo "Echoing $BRANCH" ;; t) echo "-t set as: $OPTARG" BASEDIR=$OPTARG export BASEDIR ;; r) echo "-r set as: $OPTARG" COREREPOS=$OPTARG export COREREPOS ;; a) echo "-all triggered" doAll=1 ;; c) echo "-check triggered" doCheck=1 ;; p) echo "-pull triggered" doPull=1 ;; x) echo "-check-pull triggered" doCheckPull=1 ;; m) echo "-maven-only triggered" doMaven=1 ;; \?) echo "Invalid option: -$OPTARG" >&2 exit 1 ;; h) echo "Help invoked..." exit 0 ;; esac done if [[ $doAll = 1 ]]; then allFunctions exit 0 fi if [[ $doCheck = 1 ]]; then checkout fi if [[ $doPull = 1 ]]; then pull fi if [[ $doCheckPull = 1 ]]; then checkPull fi # etc exit 0

Answer 2

#!/bin/bash
root_hash() {
    echo -e $ROOTARG
}
user_hash() {
    echo -e $USERARG
}

while getopts "u:h:r:" Blah; do
  case "$Blah" in
    u)  USERARG=$OPTARG
        export USERARG
        user_hash
        ;;
    r)  ROOTARG=$OPTARG
        export ROOTARG
        root_hash
        ;;
    h)  help
        ;;
    ?)  help
    
  esac
done
shift "$(($OPTIND -1))"

BASH：如何在使用optargs时首先设置变量？

2 个答案: