Question

我正在尝试使用WebDriver Protocol和Python模块与requests进行一点点。

我开始chromedriver二进制文件：

$ chromedriver_2.31 
Starting ChromeDriver 2.31.488763 (092de99f48a300323ecf8c2a4e2e7cab51de5ba8) on port 9515
Only local connections are allowed.

到目前为止一切顺利。

但问题是我在尝试创建会话时遇到session not created异常：

import requests

r = requests.post("http://127.0.0.1:9515/session", {})

print("Status: " + str(r.status_code))
print("Body: " + str(r.content))

执行输出：

Status: 200
Body: b'{"sessionId":"286421fcd381ee0471418ebce7f3e125","status":33,"value":{"message":"session not created exception: Missing or invalid capabilities\\n  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.31.488763 (092de99f48a300323ecf8c2a4e2e7cab51de5ba8),platform=Linux 4.4.0-91-generic x86_64)"}}'

我搜索了WebDriver Protocol docs，但我找不到有关哪些功能是强制性的信息或类似的信息。

所以，我尝试了一些随机功能：

import requests

data = {
        "browserName": "chrome",
        "version": "",
        "platform": "LINUX",
        "javascriptEnabled": "true",
        "acceptInsecureCerts": "false",
        "cssSelectorsEnabled": "true"
        }

r = requests.post("http://127.0.0.1:9515/session", data)

print("Status: " + str(r.status_code))
print("Body: " + str(r.content))

但又失败了：

Status: 400
Body: b'missing command parameters'

你有什么想法是什么问题以及如何解决它？

更新

也尝试过：

import requests


data = """
        {
            desiredCapabilities: {  
            "browserName": "chrome",
            "version": "",
            "platform": "ANY"
            }
        }
    """

headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'}

r = requests.post("http://127.0.0.1:9515/session", json=data, headers=headers)

print("Status: " + str(r.status_code))
print("Body: " + str(r.content))

再次出错：

Status: 400
Body: b'missing command parameters'

Answer 1

好的，所以我看了Selenium是如何做到的......：

selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py，课程RemoteConnection，方法execute。我为params提出了一个例外，如下：

raise Exception(params)

以下是出现的内容：

{'capabilities': {'alwaysMatch': {'browserName': 'chrome',
   'chromeOptions': {'args': [], 'extensions': []},
   'platform': 'ANY',
   'version': ''},
  'firstMatch': []},
 'desiredCapabilities': {'browserName': 'chrome',
  'chromeOptions': {'args': [], 'extensions': []},
  'platform': 'ANY',
  'version': ''}}

所以，用data新发现的词典做同样的事情：

r = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:9515/session', json=data)
# A new chromium window is created
r.content
`b'{"sessionId":"94cf6af9577d323eb51f6340b1fd2d07","status":0,"value":{"acceptSslCerts":true,"applicationCacheEnabled":false,"browserConnectionEnabled":false,"browserName":"chrome","chrome":{"chromedriverVersion":"2.30.477729 (e5aa99d9d101379b1542958a71df3f50913f1ea2)","userDataDir":"/tmp/.org.chromium.Chromium.uqwViV"},"cssSelectorsEnabled":true,"databaseEnabled":false,"handlesAlerts":true,"hasTouchScreen":false,"javascriptEnabled":true,"locationContextEnabled":true,"mobileEmulationEnabled":false,"nativeEvents":true,"networkConnectionEnabled":false,"pageLoadStrategy":"normal","platform":"Linux","rotatable":false,"takesHeapSnapshot":true,"takesScreenshot":true,"unexpectedAlertBehaviour":"","version":"60.0.3112.78","webStorageEnabled":true}}'`

Answer 2

您需要发布包含功能和所需功能的json数据。 alwaysMatch可以包含以下任何一项或多项：

acceptInsecureCerts
browserName
browserVersion
platformName
pageLoadStrategy
代理
setWindowRect
超时
unhandledPromptBehavior


    params = {
        'capabilities': {
            'firstMatch': [{}], 
            'alwaysMatch': {
                ...
            }
        },
        'desiredCapabilities': {
            'browserName': 'chrome',
            'version': '60',
            'platform': 'MAC'
        }
    }

r = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:9515/session', json=params)

参考：

Answer 3

chromedriver（至少从2.41开始）不支持WebDriver协议。

chromedriver所需的缺少功能是capabilities.alwaysMatch.goog:chromeOptions.w3c：true

手动创建新的webdriver会话

3 个答案:

参考：