我一直在尝试从源代码而不是pip安装opencv，因为我无法成功读取VideoCapture。
在 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS 上安装 opencv-3.2.0 。遵循提到的详细信息here。
我在＆＃34; ... / opencv-3.2.0 / build / CMakeFiles / CMakeError.log＆＃34;中得到以下错误：
.../opencv-3.2.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp/CheckIncludeFile.c:1:28: fatal error: linux/videodev.h: No such file or directory
.../opencv-3.2.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp/CheckIncludeFile.c:1:25: fatal error: sys/videoio.h: No such file or directory
libv4l-dev 已经是最新版本（1.10.0-1）
我还在 / usr / include / linux 运行以下命令：
sudo ln -s ../libv4l1-videodev.h videodev.h
CMake输出为：
-- General configuration for OpenCV 3.2.0 =====================================
-- Version control: unknown
--
-- Platform:
-- Timestamp: 2017-08-09T05:39:43Z
-- Host: Linux 4.4.0-87-generic x86_64
-- CMake: 3.5.1
-- CMake generator: Unix Makefiles
-- CMake build tool: /usr/bin/make
-- Configuration: RELEASE
--
-- C/C++:
-- Built as dynamic libs?: YES
-- C++ Compiler: /usr/bin/c++ (ver 5.4.0)
-- C++ flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C++ flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- C Compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- C flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wno-narrowing -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wno-narrowing -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- Linker flags (Release):
-- Linker flags (Debug):
-- ccache: NO
-- Precompiled headers: YES
-- Extra dependencies: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjasper.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so gtk-x11-2.0 gdk-x11-2.0 pangocairo-1.0 atk-1.0 cairo gdk_pixbuf-2.0 gio-2.0 pangoft2-1.0 pango-1.0 gobject-2.0 glib-2.0 fontconfig freetype gthread-2.0 avcodec-ffmpeg avformat-ffmpeg avutil-ffmpeg swscale-ffmpeg dl m pthread rt
-- 3rdparty dependencies: libwebp IlmImf
--
-- OpenCV modules:
-- To be built: core flann imgproc ml photo video imgcodecs shape videoio highgui objdetect superres ts features2d calib3d stitching videostab python2 python3
-- Disabled: world
-- Disabled by dependency: -
-- Unavailable: cudaarithm cudabgsegm cudacodec cudafeatures2d cudafilters cudaimgproc cudalegacy cudaobjdetect cudaoptflow cudastereo cudawarping cudev java viz
--
-- GUI:
-- QT: NO
-- GTK+ 2.x: YES (ver 2.24.30)
-- GThread : YES (ver 2.48.2)
-- GtkGlExt: NO
-- OpenGL support: NO
-- VTK support: NO
--
-- Media I/O:
-- ZLib: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (ver 1.2.8)
-- JPEG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (ver )
-- WEBP: build (ver 0.3.1)
-- PNG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (ver 1.2.54)
-- TIFF: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (ver 42 - 4.0.6)
-- JPEG 2000: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjasper.so (ver 1.900.1)
-- OpenEXR: build (ver 1.7.1)
-- GDAL: NO
-- GDCM: NO
--
-- Video I/O:
-- DC1394 1.x: NO
-- DC1394 2.x: NO
-- FFMPEG: YES
-- avcodec: YES (ver 56.60.100)
-- avformat: YES (ver 56.40.101)
-- avutil: YES (ver 54.31.100)
-- swscale: YES (ver 3.1.101)
-- avresample: NO
-- GStreamer: NO
-- OpenNI: NO
-- OpenNI PrimeSensor Modules: NO
-- OpenNI2: NO
-- PvAPI: NO
-- GigEVisionSDK: NO
-- Aravis SDK: NO
-- UniCap: NO
-- UniCap ucil: NO
-- V4L/V4L2: YES/YES
-- XIMEA: NO
-- Xine: NO
-- gPhoto2: NO
--
-- Parallel framework: pthreads
--
-- Other third-party libraries:
-- Use IPP: 9.0.1 [9.0.1]
-- at: /root/twix/tensorflow/opencv-3.2.0/build/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv_lnx
-- Use IPP Async: NO
-- Use VA: NO
-- Use Intel VA-API/OpenCL: NO
-- Use Lapack: NO
-- Use Eigen: NO
-- Use Cuda: NO
-- Use OpenCL: YES
-- Use OpenVX: NO
-- Use custom HAL: NO
--
-- OpenCL: <Dynamic loading of OpenCL library>
-- Include path: /root/twix/tensorflow/opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
-- Use AMDFFT: NO
-- Use AMDBLAS: NO
--
-- Python 2:
-- Interpreter: /usr/bin/python2.7 (ver 2.7.12)
-- Libraries: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so (ver 2.7.12)
-- numpy: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.11.0)
-- packages path: lib/python2.7/dist-packages
--
-- Python 3:
-- Interpreter: /usr/bin/python3 (ver 3.5.2)
-- Libraries: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.5m.so (ver 3.5.2)
-- numpy: /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.11.0)
-- packages path: lib/python3.5/dist-packages
--
-- Python (for build): /usr/bin/python2.7
--
-- Java:
-- ant: NO
-- JNI: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/include /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/include/linux /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/include
-- Java wrappers: NO
-- Java tests: NO
--
-- Matlab: Matlab not found or implicitly disabled
--
-- Documentation:
-- Doxygen: NO
--
-- Tests and samples:
-- Tests: YES
-- Performance tests: YES
-- C/C++ Examples: YES
--
-- Install path: /usr/local
--
-- cvconfig.h is in: /root/twix/tensorflow/opencv-3.2.0/build
--
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
答案 0 :(得分：3)
回想起来，这似乎很愚蠢，但cmake命令有GET_ERROR_TYPE()的路径选项。我的系统上此路径不正确。我把它改成了正确的路径并且有效。感谢所有帮助人员！
答案 1 :(得分：2)
对于您的问题，您必须运行以下命令
sudo apt-get install libv4l-dev
在Ubuntu上安装OpenCV，我总是遵循一些始终有效的步骤。
我使用opencv_contrib安装OpenCV（OpenCV的一些额外模块）
打开终端并运行以下命令
安装opencv依赖
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
安装opencv
cd / opt /
sudo git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
sudo git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd opencv
sudo mkdir release
cd release
sudo cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX = / usr / local -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES = ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES = ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH = / opt / opencv_contrib / modules -D WITH_LIBV4L = ON -D WITH_V4L = OFF -D BUILD_EXAMPLES = ON / opt / opencv /
sudo make
sudo make install
pkg-config --modversion opencv＃check version installed
如果您不想安装opencv_contrib，可以跳过第3步并将7步更改为
sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D /opt/opencv/
答案 2 :(得分：0)
如上所述，在 Twix 的回答中。您应该根据以下命令的目录结构修改路径
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules \
还有一个命令（见下文），如果你正在使用
-D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=~/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python \
它也适用于我！