Kivy: Multiple Screens and Menu Items not impletmenting

Question

I am very new in kivy and working on a simple application using python. I want to create an application in kivy which comprises of constant menu items on left pane and their respective screens on right big pane or screen. But I am unable to find the solution in kivy examples and also in youtube video tutorials and also in google. Please check my simple code and refer to some solution.

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.base import runTouchApp
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty

#Code Starts here
Builder.load_string("""
#:import random random.random
#:import NoTransition kivy.uix.screenmanager.NoTransition


<MenuScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .12
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
        on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'


<HomeScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .2
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'

<LoginHistoryScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .9
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'


<AlarmHistoryScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .6
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'

<UserManagementScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .8
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'

<CallSoSScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .7
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'

<SettingsScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .5
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'

<CallRealTecScreen>:
    hue: random()
    canvas:
        Color:
            hsv: self.hue, .5, .4
        Rectangle:
            size: self.size
    Button:
        text: 'Home'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
    Button:
        text: 'Login History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'Alarm History'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
    Button:
        text: 'User Management'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
    Button:
        text: 'Call SoS'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
    Button:
        text: 'Settings'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
    Button:
        text: 'Call RealTec'
        background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
        size: 150, 50
    Button:
        text: 'Main Menu'
        size_hint: None, None
        pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
        size: 150, 50
        on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
    BoxLayout:
        size_hint: .5, None
        height: 250
        pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
        orientation: 'vertical'


""")

# Declare both screens
class MenuScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class HomeScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class LoginHistoryScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class AlarmHistoryScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class UserManagementScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class CallSosScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class SettingsScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass

class CallRealTecScreen(Screen):
    hue = NumericProperty(0)
    pass


sm = ScreenManager()
sm.add_widget(MenuScreen(name='menu'))
sm.add_widget(HomeScreen(name='home'))
sm.add_widget(LoginHistoryScreen(name='loginhistory'))
sm.add_widget(AlarmHistoryScreen(name='alarmhistory'))
sm.add_widget(UserManagementScreen(name='usermanagement'))
sm.add_widget(CallSosScreen(name='callsos'))
sm.add_widget(CallRealTecScreen(name='callrealtec'))
sm.add_widget(SettingsScreen(name='settings'))

class TestApp(App):

    def build(self):
        return sm

if __name__ == '__main__':
    TestApp().run()

Answer 1

我没有读过您的代码。你应该提供Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example。这就是说这是一个你可以建立的简短例子。主要的一点是，您不必将ScreenManager添加为顶级窗口小部件。

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label


class Manager(ScreenManager):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Manager, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        for i in range(4):
            txt = 'Screen {}'.format(i)
            lbl = Label(text=txt)
            screen = Screen(name=txt)
            screen.add_widget(lbl)
            self.add_widget(screen)


class Nav(GridLayout):

    def __init__(self, sm=None, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Nav, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.sm = sm
        self.rows = 4
        self.size_hint = (.2, 1)
        for i in range(4):
            self.add_widget(Button(text="Screen {}".format(i), on_release=self.change))

    def change(self, btn):
        self.sm.current = btn.text


class Root(BoxLayout):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Root, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.orientation = "horizontal"
        sm = Manager()

        self.add_widget(Nav(sm=sm))
        self.add_widget(sm)


class TestApp(App):

    def build(App):
        return Root()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    TestApp().run()