如何基于密钥名称反序列化为枚举变体?

时间:2017-07-12 13:47:50

标签: struct enums rust deserialization serde

我有JSON,有两种形式:

public enum Avatar {
   R.drawable.avatar1, R.drawable.avatar2, ..R.drawable.avatar20;
   public static final Avatar values[] = values();
}
 public static void main(String []args){
   Drawable avatar = Avatar.values[1];//just put in the number to get the drawable
 }
}

我想将它反序列化为这样的结构:

"Example:" { "field": 42, "A": 76 }
"Example:" { "field": 42, "B": 110 }

,其中

struct Example {
    field: i32,
    an_enum: AnEnum,
}

如果不为enum AnEnum { A(i32), B(i32), } 编写自定义反序列化程序,我就不知道该怎么做。

这有效:

Example

或者,在YAML中:

"Example:" { "field": 42, "an_enum": {"A": 76} }

Example: field: 42 an_enum: A: 76 是多余的,写起来很烦人。如何将第一个表单反序列化为结构?或者,或者,我如何声明一个将成功反序列化我想要的语法的结构?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

您正在寻找#[serde(flatten)]

extern crate serde; // 1.0.75
extern crate serde_json; // 1.0.26
#[macro_use]
extern crate serde_derive; // 1.0.75

#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
struct Example {
    field: i32,
    #[serde(flatten)]
    an_enum: AnEnum,
}

#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
enum AnEnum {
    A(i32),
    B(i32),
}

fn main() {
    let a = r#"{ "field": 42, "A": 76 }"#;
    let b = r#"{ "field": 42, "B": 110 }"#;

    let a = serde_json::from_str::<Example>(a);
    let b = serde_json::from_str::<Example>(b);

    println!("{:?}", a);
    println!("{:?}", b);
}
Ok(Example { field: 42, an_enum: A(76) })
Ok(Example { field: 42, an_enum: B(110) })

在此之前,我使用自定义反序列化:

extern crate serde;
extern crate serde_json;
#[macro_use]
extern crate serde_derive;

use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer};
use serde::de::Error;

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Example {
    field: i32,
    an_enum: AnEnum,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
enum AnEnum {
    A(i32),
    B(i32),
}

impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Example {
    fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
    where
        D: Deserializer<'de>,
    {
        #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
        struct Mapping {
            field: i32,
            #[serde(rename = "A")]
            a: Option<i32>,
            #[serde(rename = "B")]
            b: Option<i32>,
        }

        let Mapping { field, a, b } = Mapping::deserialize(deserializer)?;

        match (a, b) {
            (Some(_), Some(_)) => 
                Err(D::Error::custom("multiple variants specified")),
            (Some(a), None) =>
                Ok(Example { field, an_enum: AnEnum::A(a) }),
            (None, Some(b)) => 
                Ok(Example { field, an_enum: AnEnum::B(b) }),
            (None, None) =>
                Err(D::Error::custom("no variants specified")),
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let a = r#"{ "field": 42, "A": 76 }"#;
    let b = r#"{ "field": 42, "B": 110 }"#;

    let a: Result<Example, _> = serde_json::from_str(a);
    let b: Result<Example, _> = serde_json::from_str(b);

    println!("{:?}", a);
    println!("{:?}", b);
}