我有以下两种类型的JSON对象:
{"foo": "String value"}
和
{"bar": "String value"}
它们都代表同一基础对象的特殊类型。我如何使用杰克逊对它们进行反序列化?类型信息仅由键本身表示,而不是任何键的值(几乎所有示例都使用键的值来确定类型:https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-docs/wiki/JacksonPolymorphicDeserialization)
答案 0 :(得分:2)
杰克逊并没有提供out of the box solution,但这并不意味着你运气不好。
假设您的类实现了一个公共接口或扩展了一个公共类,如下所示:
public interface Animal {
}
public class Dog implements Animal {
private String bark;
// Default constructor, getters and setters
}
public class Cat implements Animal {
private String meow;
// Default constructor, getters and setters
}
您可以根据属性名称创建自定义反序列化程序。它允许您定义唯一属性,该属性将用于查找类以执行反序列化:
public class PropertyBasedDeserializer<T> extends StdDeserializer<T> {
private Map<String, Class<? extends T>> deserializationClasses;
public PropertyBasedDeserializer(Class<T> baseClass) {
super(baseClass);
deserializationClasses = new HashMap<String, Class<? extends T>>();
}
public void register(String property, Class<? extends T> deserializationClass) {
deserializationClasses.put(property, deserializationClass);
}
@Override
public T deserialize(JsonParser p, DeserializationContext ctxt)
throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = (ObjectMapper) p.getCodec();
JsonNode tree = mapper.readTree(p);
Class<? extends T> deserializationClass = findDeserializationClass(tree);
if (deserializationClass == null) {
throw JsonMappingException.from(ctxt,
"No registered unique properties found for polymorphic deserialization");
}
return mapper.treeToValue(tree, deserializationClass);
}
private Class<? extends T> findDeserializationClass(JsonNode tree) {
Iterator<Entry<String, JsonNode>> fields = tree.fields();
Class<? extends T> deserializationClass = null;
while (fields.hasNext()) {
Entry<String, JsonNode> field = fields.next();
String property = field.getKey();
if (deserializationClasses.containsKey(property)) {
deserializationClass = deserializationClasses.get(property);
break;
}
}
return deserializationClass;
}
}
然后实例化并配置反序列化器:
UniquePropertyPolymorphicDeserializer<Animal> deserializer =
new UniquePropertyPolymorphicDeserializer<>(Animal.class);
deserializer.register("bark", Dog.class); // If "bark" is present, then it's a Dog
deserializer.register("meow", Cat.class); // If "meow" is present, then it's a Cat
将其添加到模块:
SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule("custom-deserializers", Version.unknownVersion());
module.addDeserializer(Animal.class, deserializer);
注册模块并照常执行反序列化:
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.registerModule(module);
String json = "[{\"bark\":\"bowwow\"}, {\"bark\":\"woofWoof\"}, {\"meow\":\"meeeOwww\"}]";
List<Animal> animals = mapper.readValue(json, new TypeReference<List<Animal>>() { });
答案 1 :(得分:2)
使用fasterxml jackson
,您可以执行以下操作:
abstract class FooOrBar {
companion object {
@JvmStatic
@JsonCreator
private fun creator(json: Map<String, String>): FooOrBar? {
return when {
json.containsKey("foo") -> Foo(json["foo"] as String)
json.containsKey("bar") -> Foo(json["bar"] as String)
else -> null
}
}
}
}
class Foo(val foo: String) : FooOrBar() // even can use map delegate if you know what it is
class Bar(val bar: String) : FooOrBar()
是科特林,但您会明白的。
请注意
使用@JsonCreator
。带注释的creator
函数具有单个参数(这是JsonCreator
所需的两个签名中的一种),JSON被反序列化为Map
实例并传递给creator
。从这里,您可以创建您的类实例。
---------------- UPDATE -------------------------
对于嵌套复杂的JSON,您还可以将JsonNode
用于creator
函数。
private fun creator(json: JsonNode): FooOrBar?
答案 2 :(得分:0)
你必须告诉杰克森你期望什么课:
Foo readValue = mapper.readValue(json, Foo.class);
Bar readValue = mapper.readValue(json, Bar.class);
否则,如果您的设计需要强类型,则可能值得使用XML。