Question

我有一个559行的文本文件，我只需要将文件的特定部分中的标签按最长到最短的字符串排序。我正在考虑使用sort，但我确实没有要使用的分隔符，我正在尝试确定使用标记-k的开始和结束。

以下是我的文字文件示例：

^(.*a)$0UMYBPEB(.*)$1$|\0ybpeb\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUK(.*)$1$|\0yuk  \1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUKE(.*)$1$|\0yuke \1
^(.*a)$0USAAHPERD(.*)$1$|\0aahpe\1
^(.*a)$0USAASC(.*)$1$|\0aasc \1
^(.*a)$0USAATF(.*)$1$|\0aatf \1
^(.*a)$0USABARIS(.*)$1$|\0abar \1
^(.*a)$0USABOR(.*)$1$|\0abor \1
^(.*a)$0USACA(.*)$1$|\0aca  \1
^(.*a)$0USACI(.*)$1$|\0aci  \1
^(.*a)$0USACMLA(.*)$1$|\0acmla\1
^(.*a)$0USACSANZ(.*)$1$|\0acsan\1
^(.*a)$0USACTA(.*)$1$|\0acta \1
^(.*a)$0USACTACLASS(.*)$1$|\0cass \1
^(.*a)$0USAD(.*)$1$|\0adbus\1
^(.*a)$0USADAMMATTHEW(.*)$1$|\0adam \1
^(.*a)$0USAEA(.*)$1$|\0aea  \1
^(.*a)$0USAFAS(.*)$1$|\0afas \1
^(.*a)$0USAFRICAN(.*)$1$|\0afric\1
^(.*a)$0USAGI(.*)$1$|\0agi  \1
^(.*a)$0USAGO(.*)$1$|\0ago  \1

请注意，我所引用的标签位于$

之前的第一个(.*)之后

我想要的结果是最短的标签：

^(.*a)$0USADAMMATTHEW(.*)$1$|\0adam \1
^(.*a)$0USACTACLASS(.*)$1$|\0cass \1
^(.*a)$0USAFRICAN(.*)$1$|\0afric\1
^(.*a)$0USAAHPERD(.*)$1$|\0aahpe\1
^(.*a)$0USACSANZ(.*)$1$|\0acsan\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUKE(.*)$1$|\0yuke \1
^(.*a)$0USABARIS(.*)$1$|\0abar \1
^(.*a)$0USACMLA(.*)$1$|\0acmla\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPEB(.*)$1$|\0ybpeb\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUK(.*)$1$|\0yuk  \1
^(.*a)$0USAFAS(.*)$1$|\0afas \1
^(.*a)$0USAASC(.*)$1$|\0aasc \1
^(.*a)$0USAATF(.*)$1$|\0aatf \1
^(.*a)$0USABOR(.*)$1$|\0abor \1
^(.*a)$0USACTA(.*)$1$|\0acta \1
^(.*a)$0USACA(.*)$1$|\0aca  \1
^(.*a)$0USACI(.*)$1$|\0aci  \1
^(.*a)$0USAEA(.*)$1$|\0aea  \1
^(.*a)$0USAGI(.*)$1$|\0agi  \1
^(.*a)$0USAGO(.*)$1$|\0ago  \1
^(.*a)$0USAD(.*)$1$|\0adbus\1

Answer 1

你可以像这样使用perl。

perl -ne 'push @Lines,$_;}{print (sort { length($b) <=> length($a) } @Lines)' file

每行都被读入数组@Lines。

}{对文件结尾有特殊含义。

sort { length($b) <=> length($a) } @Lines使用数组的特殊变量$a和$b对数组进行排序。

print打印已排序的数组。

Answer 2

awk（及朋友）拯救

awk '{print length($0) "\t" $0}' file | sort -nr | cut -f2-

^(.*a)-bashUSADAMMATTHEW(.*)$|\0adam \1
^(.*a)-bashUSACTACLASS(.*)$|\0cass \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAFRICAN(.*)$|\0afric\1
^(.*a)-bashUSAAHPERD(.*)$|\0aahpe\1
^(.*a)-bashUSACSANZ(.*)$|\0acsan\1
^(.*a)-bashUSABARIS(.*)$|\0abar \1
^(.*a)-bashUMYBPUKE(.*)$|\0yuke \1
^(.*a)-bashUSACMLA(.*)$|\0acmla\1
^(.*a)-bashUMYBPUK(.*)$|\0yuk  \1
^(.*a)-bashUMYBPEB(.*)$|\0ybpeb\1
^(.*a)-bashUSAFAS(.*)$|\0afas \1
^(.*a)-bashUSACTA(.*)$|\0acta \1
^(.*a)-bashUSABOR(.*)$|\0abor \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAATF(.*)$|\0aatf \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAASC(.*)$|\0aasc \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAGO(.*)$|\0ago  \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAGI(.*)$|\0agi  \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAEA(.*)$|\0aea  \1
^(.*a)-bashUSACI(.*)$|\0aci  \1
^(.*a)-bashUSACA(.*)$|\0aca  \1
^(.*a)-bashUSAD(.*)$|\0adbus\1

Answer 3

使用单个 gawk （GNU awk）：

awk '{a[length,NR]=$0}END{n=asorti(a,dest); for(;n>0;n--) print a[dest[n]]}' file

输出：

^(.*a)$0USADAMMATTHEW(.*)$1$|\0adam \1
^(.*a)$0USACTACLASS(.*)$1$|\0cass \1
^(.*a)$0USAAHPERD(.*)$1$|\0aahpe\1
^(.*a)$0USAFRICAN(.*)$1$|\0afric\1
^(.*a)$0USABARIS(.*)$1$|\0abar \1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUKE(.*)$1$|\0yuke \1
^(.*a)$0USACSANZ(.*)$1$|\0acsan\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUK(.*)$1$|\0yuk  \1
^(.*a)$0USACMLA(.*)$1$|\0acmla\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPEB(.*)$1$|\0ybpeb\1
^(.*a)$0USABOR(.*)$1$|\0abor \1
^(.*a)$0USAATF(.*)$1$|\0aatf \1
^(.*a)$0USAASC(.*)$1$|\0aasc \1
^(.*a)$0USAFAS(.*)$1$|\0afas \1
^(.*a)$0USACTA(.*)$1$|\0acta \1
^(.*a)$0USACA(.*)$1$|\0aca  \1
^(.*a)$0USAGO(.*)$1$|\0ago  \1
^(.*a)$0USAGI(.*)$1$|\0agi  \1
^(.*a)$0USAEA(.*)$1$|\0aea  \1
^(.*a)$0USACI(.*)$1$|\0aci  \1
^(.*a)$0USAD(.*)$1$|\0adbus\1

length - 行长

asorti（source [，dest [，how]]） - 对数组索引进行排序（默认按升序排列）

dest - 排序索引的结果数组

Answer 4

这是GNU awk中的另一个：

$ gawk '
function cmp_val_len(i1,v1,i2,v2) {   # define length comparing function for asort
    return(length(v2) - length(v1)) 
}
{
    a[NR]=$0                          # hash records to a
}
END {
    n=asort(a,b,"cmp_val_len")        # sort the records using defined function
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++)                 # loop and
        print b[i]                    # output
}
' file

输出（仅限开始）：

^(.*a)$0USADAMMATTHEW(.*)$1$|\0adam \1
^(.*a)$0USACTACLASS(.*)$1$|\0cass \1
^(.*a)$0USAAHPERD(.*)$1$|\0aahpe\1
^(.*a)$0USAFRICAN(.*)$1$|\0afric\1
^(.*a)$0UMYBPUKE(.*)$1$|\0yuke \1
....

如何按标签

4 个答案: