我刚刚了解到 Windows ODBC驱动程序API需要一个SQL_BINARY
数据数组作为输入参数,以零字节终止。即使我在文档中没有找到这样的声明,我通过使用以下代码执行存储过程来发现这一点:
最小示例
// Parameter binding
BYTE data[10] = { 15, 3, 54, 144, 34, 211, 200, 147, 15, 74 };
SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 1, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_BINARY, SQL_BINARY, 10, 0, data, 0, NULL);
// Procedure execution
SQLRETURN res = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, (SQLCHAR*)"{call dbo.Update_Data(?)}", SQL_NTS);
SQLExecDirect
导致SQL_NULL_DATA
失败。在使用SQLGetDiagRec
查询诊断记录后,我收到了记录:
SQL State = 22001,错误消息:“[Microsoft] [ODBC SQL Server驱动程序] 字符串或二进制数据将被截断“
虽然这通常表示插入或更新到列中的数据大于列本身,但不是这种情况。经过4个小时尝试不同的参数和语句后,我终于发现解决方案就像在最后一个位置终止字节数组一样简单:
// Parameter binding
BYTE data[11] = { 15, 3, 54, 144, 34, 211, 200, 147, 15, 74, 0 }; // <- 0 termination here
SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 1, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_BINARY, SQL_BINARY, 10, 0, data, 0, NULL);
// Procedure execution
SQLRETURN res = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, (SQLCHAR*)"{call dbo.Update_Data(?)}", SQL_NTS);
现在我不明白为什么会这样?函数SQLBindParameter
需要给定数据的长度(10作为cbColDef或ColumnSize参数)并仍然搜索零字节?
据我所知,使用零终止,其中数组的长度不是由指示变量的长度确定,而是由具有零值的数组的终止确定。这通常是用字符串完成的。对于二进制数据,这对我来说没有多大意义,因为在达到实际结束(由长度指示符确定)之前,阵列中可能存在预期的零字节。我可能遇到这个问题,所以如果有一些方法可以避免零终止字节数组会很棒吗?
完整示例
根据评论中的要求,这是单元测试的完整代码转储:
#include <windows.h>
#include <sql.h>
#include <sqlext.h>
// Settings
#define SIP "127.0.0.1"
#define SPort 1433
#define SUID "User"
#define SPW "PW"
#define SDB "world"
// Global ODBC mem
SQLHENV henv;
SQLHDBC hdbc;
SQLHSTMT hstmt;
// Logs Diagnostic records
void ProcessLogs(SQLSMALLINT plm_handle_type, SQLHANDLE &plm_handle);
// The query being tested
void TestQuery()
{
int col = 0;
SQLRETURN res = SQL_NTS;
// Params
ULONGLONG id = 44;
BYTE data[10] = { 15, 3, 54, 144, 34, 211, 200, 147, 15, 74 };
SQLBindParameter(hstmt, ++col, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_UBIGINT, SQL_BIGINT, 0, 0, &id, 0, NULL);
SQLBindParameter(hstmt, ++col, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_BINARY, SQL_BINARY, 10, 0, data, 0, NULL);
// Execution
res = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, (UCHAR*)"{call dbo.Update_Store_Data(?,?)}", SQL_NTS);
if (res != SQL_SUCCESS && res != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
{
printf("Error during query execution: %hd\n", res);
ProcessLogs(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt);
}
}
// ODBC Driver initialization
bool ODBCInit()
{
// Init ODBC Handles
RETCODE res;
res = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, NULL, &henv);
res = SQLSetEnvAttr(henv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_OV_ODBC3, SQL_IS_INTEGER);
res = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, henv, &hdbc);
// Connection string
char connStr[512];
sprintf_s(connStr
, sizeof(connStr)
, "DRIVER={SQL Server};SERVER=%s;ADDRESS=%s,%d;NETWORK=DBMSSOCN;UID=%s;PWD=%s;DATABASE=%s"
, SIP
, SIP
, SPort
, SUID
, SPW
, SDB);
// Connection
char outStr[512];
SQLSMALLINT pcb;
res = SQLDriverConnect(hdbc, NULL, (SQLCHAR*)connStr, strlen(connStr), (SQLCHAR*)outStr, ARRAYSIZE(outStr), &pcb, SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT);
if (res != SQL_SUCCESS && res != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
{
printf("Error during driver connection: %hd\n", res);
return false;
}
// Query handle
res = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);
return true;
}
// ODBC Driver handles cleanup
void ODBCClean()
{
if (hstmt != SQL_NULL_HSTMT)
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt);
if (hstmt != SQL_NULL_HDBC)
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc);
if (hstmt != SQL_NULL_HENV)
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);
}
int main(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
if (ODBCInit())
TestQuery();
ODBCClean();
return 0;
}
SQL表定义:
CREATE TABLE dbo.Store
(
UniqueNumber BIGINT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
ItemID BIGINT NOT NULL,
AccountUniqueNumber BIGINT NOT NULL,
StorageType INT NOT NULL,
Count INT NOT NULL,
Data BINARY(10) NOT NULL
)
被叫程序:
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.Update_Store_Data
@ID BIGINT,
@Data BINARY(10)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE dbo.Store
SET Data = @Data
WHERE UniqueNumber = @ID
END
答案 0 :(得分:4)
二进制数据必须以空值终止(如果确实如此,则无法插入任何包含0值的数据,如{ 100, 0, 100, 0, 100 }
)。
StrLen_or_IndPtr参数指向一个缓冲区,当SQLExecute时 或者调用SQLExecDirect,包含以下[..]之一:
- 存储在* ParameterValuePtr中的参数值的长度。除字符或二进制C数据外,这将被忽略。
见下面编译的最小例子:
#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <sql.h>
#include <sqlext.h>
#include <sqlucode.h>
void printErr(SQLHANDLE handle, SQLSMALLINT handleType)
{
SQLSMALLINT recNr = 1;
SQLRETURN ret = SQL_SUCCESS;
while (ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
{
SQLWCHAR errMsg[SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH + 1];
SQLWCHAR sqlState[5 + 1];
errMsg[0] = 0;
SQLINTEGER nativeError;
SQLSMALLINT cb = 0;
ret = SQLGetDiagRec(handleType, handle, recNr, sqlState, &nativeError, errMsg, SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH + 1, &cb);
if (ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
{
std::wcerr << L"ERROR; native: " << nativeError << L"; state: " << sqlState << L"; msg: " << errMsg << std::endl;
}
++recNr;
}
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
// connect to db
SQLRETURN nResult = 0;
SQLHANDLE handleEnv = 0;
nResult = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HANDLE, (SQLHANDLE*)&handleEnv);
nResult = SQLSetEnvAttr(handleEnv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_OV_ODBC3_80, SQL_IS_INTEGER);
SQLHANDLE handleDBC = 0;
nResult = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, handleEnv, (SQLHANDLE*)&handleDBC);
SQLWCHAR strConnect[256] = L"Driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};Server=.\\TEST;Database=Foobar;Uid=Secret;Pwd=Secret";
SQLWCHAR strConnectOut[1024] = { 0 };
SQLSMALLINT nNumOut = 0;
nResult = SQLDriverConnect(handleDBC, NULL, (SQLWCHAR*)strConnect, SQL_NTS, (SQLWCHAR*)strConnectOut, sizeof(strConnectOut), &nNumOut, SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(nResult))
printErr(handleDBC, SQL_HANDLE_DBC);
// Allocate a statement
SQLHSTMT handleStatement = SQL_NULL_HSTMT;
nResult = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, handleDBC, (SQLHANDLE*)&handleStatement);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(nResult))
printErr(handleDBC, SQL_HANDLE_DBC);
int col = 0;
SQLRETURN res = SQL_NTS;
// Params
SQLBIGINT id = 2;
SQLCHAR data[10] = { 15, 3, 54, 144, 34, 211, 200, 147, 15, 74 };
SQLLEN cbId = 0;
SQLLEN cbData = 10;
res = SQLBindParameter(handleStatement, 1, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_SBIGINT, SQL_BIGINT, 0, 0, &id, sizeof(id), &cbId);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(res))
printErr(handleStatement, SQL_HANDLE_STMT);
res = SQLBindParameter(handleStatement, 2, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_BINARY, SQL_BINARY, 10, 0, data, sizeof(data), &cbData);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(res))
printErr(handleStatement, SQL_HANDLE_STMT);
// Execution
res = SQLExecDirect(handleStatement, (SQLWCHAR*)L"{call dbo.Update_Store_Data(?,?)}", SQL_NTS);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(res))
{
printErr(handleStatement, SQL_HANDLE_STMT);
}
return 0;
}