复杂的文本提取

Question

我在单元格A1中有这个文字：

  

年龄风险：非常低的位置风险：非常高

我想在第一个冒号（“：”）和第二个冒号左边的第二个空格之间找到文本。单元格内容可能会发生显着变化，但使用此逻辑应始终捕获必要的文本。在这种特殊情况下，我试图隔离“非常低”

我可以找到冒号的位置（“：”）

• 1st = FIND（“：”，A1） - 位置9
• 2nd = FIND（“：”，A1，FIND（“：”，A1）+1） - 第33位

但是，我无法弄清楚如何计算第二个冒号左边的两个空格，以便能够在MID中使用它。

=MID(A1,FIND(":",A1)+2,(location of 2nd space to left of 2nd colon -FIND(":",A1)))

Answer 1

您可以使用复杂的公式来完成，但使用UDF和正则表达式会更简单。以下UDF

• 删除所有内容，包括第一个冒号后面的任何空格
• 然后在此之后捕获所有内容，直到通过向前看，它可以是一系列
• 然后在那之后删除所有内容。

这样做的一个优点是，如果您发现描述并不总是匹配，则更容易修改。

Option Explicit
Function ExtractSpecial(S As String) As String
    Dim RE As Object

Set RE = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With RE
    .Pattern = "^[^:]+:\s+(.*?)(?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:).*"
    .MultiLine = True
    ExtractSpecial = .Replace(S, "$1")
End With

End Function

编辑正则表达式模式的说明以及进一步说明的链接：

^ [^：] +：（<？EM>）\ S +（？= \ S + \ S + \ S + \ S +：）。

^[^:]+:\s+(.*?)(?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:).*

选项：不区分大小写; ^ $不匹配的换行

• Assert position at the beginning of the string ^
• Match any character that is NOT the colon character [^:]+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
• Match the colon character :
• Match a single character that is a “whitespace character” \s+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
• Match the regex below and capture its match into backreference number 1 (.*?)
  • Match any single character that is NOT a line break character .*?
    • Between zero and unlimited times, as few times as possible, expanding as needed (lazy) *?
• Assert that the regex below can be matched starting at this position (positive lookahead) (?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:)
  • Match a single character that is a “whitespace character” \s+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
  • Match a single character that is NOT a “whitespace character” \S+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
  • Match a single character that is a “whitespace character” \s+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
  • Match a single character that is NOT a “whitespace character” \S+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
  • Match the colon character :
• Match any single character that is NOT a line break character .*
  • Between zero and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) *

$ 1

• Insert the text that was last matched by capturing group number 1 $1

使用RegexBuddy

创建

Answer 2

假设你也总是有“位置”，你可以搜索它，并将其修剪下来：

=TRIM(MID(A1,SEARCH(":",A1)+1,SEARCH("location",A1)-SEARCH(":",A1)-1))

编辑：根据您的评论：

=TRIM(MID(A1,SEARCH(":",A1)+1,SEARCH(";",SUBSTITUTE(A1," ",";",4))-SEARCH(":",A1)))

Answer 3

如果将所有空格扩展为原始长度的重复空格，则可以选择原始文本的哪一部分进行解析。

=TRIM(MID(SUBSTITUTE(A2, CHAR(32), REPT(CHAR(32), LEN(A2))), (B2-1)*LEN(A2)+1, C2*LEN(A2)))