我正在为c ++中的一个类方法获取一个未定义的引用。错误是“对Department :: getNameabi:cxx11'的未定义引用以及部门的每个方法调用的其他许多行。
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <vector>
#include "department.h"
using namespace std;
void addDepartment();
void writeToFile();
void showArt();
void removeDepartment();
vector <Department> departments;
int main()
{
int choice;
do
{
cout<<"1)Add asset \t 2)Remove Asset \t 3)Departmental Options \t 4)Quit"<<endl;
cin>>choice;
switch( choice )
{
case 1: addDepartment();
break;
case 2: removeDepartment();
break;
case 3: //showReport();
break;
}
addDepartment();
}while(choice != 4);
}
void showArt()
{
cout<<"ASSET MANGEMENT"<<endl;
}
void addDepartment()
{
string name;
cout<<"Ener department name"<<endl;
cin>>name;
vector<Department>::iterator it;
int flag = 0;
for( it = departments.begin(); it!=departments.end(); it++)
{
if (it->getName().compare(name) == 0)
{
flag = 1;
it->addAsset();
break;
}
}
if (flag == 0 )
{
Department temp(name);
temp.addAsset();
departments.push_back(temp);
}
}
void removeDepartment()
{
string name;
cout<<"Ener department name"<<endl;
cin>>name;
vector<Department>::iterator it;
int flag = 0;
for( it = departments.begin(); it!=departments.end(); it++)
{
if (it->getName().compare(name) == 0)
{
flag = 1;
it->removeAsset();
break;
}
}
if (flag == 0 )
{
cout<<"No such department puta!"<<endl;
}
}
我的部门头文件如下:
#ifndef DEPARTMENT_H
#define DEPARTMENT_H
#endif
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "computer.h"
#include "software.h"
using namespace std;
class Department
{
string name;
vector<Computer> computers;
vector <Software> softwares;
void addComputer();
void addSoftware();
public:
Department(string);
void addAsset();
void removeAsset();
string getName();
};
错误
bipgen@genbox:~/asset-management$ g++ -std=c++11 main.cpp
/tmp/ccvu6doW.o: In function `addDepartment()':
main.cpp:(.text+0x181): undefined reference to `Department::getName[abi:cxx11]()'
main.cpp:(.text+0x1cd): undefined reference to `Department::addAsset()'
main.cpp:(.text+0x220): undefined reference to `Department::Department(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::a
llocator<char> >)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x23b): undefined reference to `Department::addAsset()'
/tmp/ccvu6doW.o: In function `removeDepartment()':
main.cpp:(.text+0x392): undefined reference to `Department::getName[abi:cxx11]()'
main.cpp:(.text+0x3d8): undefined reference to `Department::removeAsset()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
答案 0 :(得分:4)
所有Department
个成员函数都只是声明的,未定义。
这意味着编译器确认它们的存在并编译main.cpp
,它们被调用,没有任何麻烦。
当编译器完成其工作时,它是链接器转向&#34;粘合&#34;功能&#39;实现他们的调用。但它没有找到实现,所以它理所当然地抱怨。
现在,我想你并没有宣布成员函数而忘记定义它们。您很可能将这些定义放在名为department.cpp
的单独文件中,如下所示:
#include "department.h"
void Department::addSoftware() {
// implementation
}
Department::Department(string) {
// implementation
}
void Department::addAsset() {
// implementation
}
void Department::removeAsset() {
// implementation
}
string Department::getName() {
// implementation
}
您可能还认为department.h
main.cpp
的加入会以某种方式神奇地从department.cpp
中提取代码。
但这并不是C ++(或典型的C ++工具链)的工作方式。链接器不知道源自其他文件中的源代码的任何实现,除非您告诉它。事实上,在你的情况下,编译器甚至都不知道它们。
您需要编译department.cpp
并将生成的二进制代码传递给链接器。快速的方法是:
g++ -std=c++11 main.cpp department.cpp
迟早,您需要一个更复杂的过程,其中每个*.cpp
文件都被编译成*.o
文件,然后*.o
文件被传递给链接器,所有在Makefile中发生的事情。
答案 1 :(得分:-1)
Department类实现是否包含在compile中?
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