如何使用Nios II MMU和Linux 4.9启用SD卡
我为Altera DE2-115获取并构建了linux-socfpa。我使用buildroot和u-boot来构建它。它启动但没有文件系统。我有一个插入FPGA的SD卡，有什么方法可以将SD卡用作文件系统吗？
系统信息：
Linux version 4.9.0-00104-g84d4f8a-dirty (developer@1604) (gcc version 6.2.0 (S7
bootconsole [early0] enabled
early_console initialized at 0xe8001400
ERROR: Nios II DIV different for kernel and DTS
Warning: icache size configuration mismatch (0x8000 vs 0x1000) of CONFIG_NIOS2_e
Warning: dcache size configuration mismatch (0x8000 vs 0x800) of CONFIG_NIOS2_De
On node 0 totalpages: 32768
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c0527bb4, node_mem_map c0545b80
Normal zone: 256 pages used for memmap
Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
Normal zone: 32768 pages, LIFO batch:7
pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768
pcpu-alloc: [0] 0
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 32512
Kernel command line: console=ttyAL0,115200
PID hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Sorting __ex_table...
Memory: 124516K/131072K available (2834K kernel code, 84K rwdata, 568K rodata, )
NR_IRQS:64 nr_irqs:64 0
clocksource: nios2-clksrc: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_nss
Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 100.)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
devtmpfs: initialized
cpu cpu0: Error -2 creating of_node link
clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 191s
NET: Registered protocol family 16
random: fast init done
clocksource: Switched to clocksource nios2-clksrc
NET: Registered protocol family 2
TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes)
workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=15 bucket_order=0
jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) �© 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 254)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
8001400.serial: ttyAL0 at MMIO 0x8001400 (irq = 3, base_baud = 3125000) is a AlT
console [ttyAL0] enabled
console [ttyAL0] enabled
bootconsole [early0] disabled
bootconsole [early0] disabled
8001440.serial: ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x8001440 (irq = 2, base_baud = 0) is a Altera JTT
random: crng init done
loop: module loaded
mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
NET: Registered protocol family 10
sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
Freeing unused kernel memory: 1788K (c02c6000 - c0485000)
This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
Starting logging: OK
Initializing random number generator... done.
Starting network: OK
Welcome to Nios II
nios2 login: root
login[733]: root login on 'ttyAL0'
# ls -al
total 4
drwx------ 2 root root 0 Jan 1 00:00 .
drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 0 Apr 11 2017 ..
-rw------- 1 root root 7 Jan 1 00:00 .ash_history
# df -h
Filesystem
#
Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
CPU: Nios II/fast
MMU: present
FPU: none
Clocking: 50.00 MHz
BogoMips: 100.00
Calibration: 50000000 loops
HW:
MUL: yes
MULX: no
DIV: no
Icache: 4kB, line length: 32
Dcache: 2kB, line length: 32
TLB: 16 ways, 256 entries, 8 PID bits
#
Qsys设计
cat proc/partitions
# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
dmesg
# dmesg
Linux version 4.9.0-00104-g84d4f8a-dirty (developer@1604) (gcc version 6.2.0 (S7
bootconsole [early0] enabled
early_console initialized at 0xe8001400
ERROR: Nios II DIV different for kernel and DTS
Warning: icache size configuration mismatch (0x8000 vs 0x1000) of CONFIG_NIOS2_e
Warning: dcache size configuration mismatch (0x8000 vs 0x800) of CONFIG_NIOS2_De
On node 0 totalpages: 32768
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c0542150, node_mem_map c055fb80
Normal zone: 256 pages used for memmap
Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
Normal zone: 32768 pages, LIFO batch:7
pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768
pcpu-alloc: [0] 0
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 32512
Kernel command line: console=ttyAL0,115200
PID hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Sorting __ex_table...
Memory: 124412K/131072K available (2919K kernel code, 85K rwdata, 588K rodata, )
NR_IRQS:64 nr_irqs:64 0
clocksource: nios2-clksrc: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_nss
Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 100.)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
devtmpfs: initialized
cpu cpu0: Error -2 creating of_node link
clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 191s
NET: Registered protocol family 16
random: fast init done
clocksource: Switched to clocksource nios2-clksrc
NET: Registered protocol family 2
TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes)
workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=15 bucket_order=0
jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) �© 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 254)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
8001400.serial: ttyAL0 at MMIO 0x8001400 (irq = 3, base_baud = 3125000) is a AlT
console [ttyAL0] enabled
bootconsole [early0] disabled
8001440.serial: ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x8001440 (irq = 2, base_baud = 0) is a Altera JTT
random: crng init done
loop: module loaded
mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
NET: Registered protocol family 10
sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
Freeing unused kernel memory: 1788K (c02db000 - c049a000)
This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
#
我还启用了FAT文件系统和SPI以及menuconfig。
# ls /dev/
console ptyte ttyee
cpu_dma_latency ptytf ttyef
full ptyu0 ttyp0
input ptyu1 ttyp1
kmem ptyu2 ttyp2
kmsg ptyu3 ttyp3
loop-control ptyu4 ttyp4
loop0 ptyu5 ttyp5
loop1 ptyu6 ttyp6
loop2 ptyu7 ttyp7
loop3 ptyu8 ttyp8
loop4 ptyu9 ttyp9
loop5 ptyua ttypa
loop6 ptyub ttypb
loop7 ptyuc ttypc
mem ptyud ttypd
memory_bandwidth ptyue ttype
network_latency ptyuf ttypf
network_throughput ptyv0 ttyq0
null ptyv1 ttyq1
psaux ptyv2 ttyq2
ptmx ptyv3 ttyq3
pts ptyv4 ttyq4
ptya0 ptyv5 ttyq5
ptya1 ptyv6 ttyq6
ptya2 ptyv7 ttyq7
ptya3 ptyv8 ttyq8
ptya4 ptyv9 ttyq9
ptya5 ptyva ttyqa
ptya6 ptyvb ttyqb
ptya7 ptyvc ttyqc
ptya8 ptyvd ttyqd
ptya9 ptyve ttyqe
ptyaa ptyvf ttyqf
ptyab ptyw0 ttyr0
ptyac ptyw1 ttyr1
ptyad ptyw2 ttyr2
ptyae ptyw3 ttyr3
ptyaf ptyw4 ttyr4
ptyb0 ptyw5 ttyr5
ptyb1 ptyw6 ttyr6
ptyb2 ptyw7 ttyr7
ptyb3 ptyw8 ttyr8
ptyb4 ptyw9 ttyr9
ptyb5 ptywa ttyra
ptyb6 ptywb ttyrb
ptyb7 ptywc ttyrc
ptyb8 ptywd ttyrd
ptyb9 ptywe ttyre
ptyba ptywf ttyrf
ptybb ptyx0 ttys0
ptybc ptyx1 ttys1
ptybd ptyx2 ttys2
ptybe ptyx3 ttys3
ptybf ptyx4 ttys4
ptyc0 ptyx5 ttys5
ptyc1 ptyx6 ttys6
ptyc2 ptyx7 ttys7
ptyc3 ptyx8 ttys8
ptyc4 ptyx9 ttys9
ptyc5 ptyxa ttysa
ptyc6 ptyxb ttysb
ptyc7 ptyxc ttysc
ptyc8 ptyxd ttysd
ptyc9 ptyxe ttyse
ptyca ptyxf ttysf
ptycb ptyy0 ttyt0
ptycc ptyy1 ttyt1
ptycd ptyy2 ttyt2
ptyce ptyy3 ttyt3
ptycf ptyy4 ttyt4
ptyd0 ptyy5 ttyt5
ptyd1 ptyy6 ttyt6
ptyd2 ptyy7 ttyt7
ptyd3 ptyy8 ttyt8
ptyd4 ptyy9 ttyt9
ptyd5 ptyya ttyta
ptyd6 ptyyb ttytb
ptyd7 ptyyc ttytc
ptyd8 ptyyd ttytd
ptyd9 ptyye ttyte
ptyda ptyyf ttytf
ptydb ptyz0 ttyu0
ptydc ptyz1 ttyu1
ptydd ptyz2 ttyu2
ptyde ptyz3 ttyu3
ptydf ptyz4 ttyu4
ptye0 ptyz5 ttyu5
ptye1 ptyz6 ttyu6
ptye2 ptyz7 ttyu7
ptye3 ptyz8 ttyu8
ptye4 ptyz9 ttyu9
ptye5 ptyza ttyua
ptye6 ptyzb ttyub
ptye7 ptyzc ttyuc
ptye8 ptyzd ttyud
ptye9 ptyze ttyue
ptyea ptyzf ttyuf
ptyeb random ttyv0
ptyec shm ttyv1
ptyed tty ttyv2
ptyee ttyAL0 ttyv3
ptyef ttyJ0 ttyv4
ptyp0 ttya0 ttyv5
ptyp1 ttya1 ttyv6
ptyp2 ttya2 ttyv7
ptyp3 ttya3 ttyv8
ptyp4 ttya4 ttyv9
ptyp5 ttya5 ttyva
ptyp6 ttya6 ttyvb
ptyp7 ttya7 ttyvc
ptyp8 ttya8 ttyvd
ptyp9 ttya9 ttyve
ptypa ttyaa ttyvf
ptypb ttyab ttyw0
ptypc ttyac ttyw1
ptypd ttyad ttyw2
ptype ttyae ttyw3
ptypf ttyaf ttyw4
ptyq0 ttyb0 ttyw5
ptyq1 ttyb1 ttyw6
ptyq2 ttyb2 ttyw7
ptyq3 ttyb3 ttyw8
ptyq4 ttyb4 ttyw9
ptyq5 ttyb5 ttywa
ptyq6 ttyb6 ttywb
ptyq7 ttyb7 ttywc
ptyq8 ttyb8 ttywd
ptyq9 ttyb9 ttywe
ptyqa ttyba ttywf
ptyqb ttybb ttyx0
ptyqc ttybc ttyx1
ptyqd ttybd ttyx2
ptyqe ttybe ttyx3
ptyqf ttybf ttyx4
ptyr0 ttyc0 ttyx5
ptyr1 ttyc1 ttyx6
ptyr2 ttyc2 ttyx7
ptyr3 ttyc3 ttyx8
ptyr4 ttyc4 ttyx9
ptyr5 ttyc5 ttyxa
ptyr6 ttyc6 ttyxb
ptyr7 ttyc7 ttyxc
ptyr8 ttyc8 ttyxd
ptyr9 ttyc9 ttyxe
ptyra ttyca ttyxf
ptyrb ttycb ttyy0
ptyrc ttycc ttyy1
ptyrd ttycd ttyy2
ptyre ttyce ttyy3
ptyrf ttycf ttyy4
ptys0 ttyd0 ttyy5
ptys1 ttyd1 ttyy6
ptys2 ttyd2 ttyy7
ptys3 ttyd3 ttyy8
ptys4 ttyd4 ttyy9
ptys5 ttyd5 ttyya
ptys6 ttyd6 ttyyb
ptys7 ttyd7 ttyyc
ptys8 ttyd8 ttyyd
ptys9 ttyd9 ttyye
ptysa ttyda ttyyf
ptysb ttydb ttyz0
ptysc ttydc ttyz1
ptysd ttydd ttyz2
ptyse ttyde ttyz3
ptysf ttydf ttyz4
ptyt0 ttye0 ttyz5
ptyt1 ttye1 ttyz6
ptyt2 ttye2 ttyz7
ptyt3 ttye3 ttyz8
ptyt4 ttye4 ttyz9
ptyt5 ttye5 ttyza
ptyt6 ttye6 ttyzb
ptyt7 ttye7 ttyzc
ptyt8 ttye8 ttyzd
ptyt9 ttye9 ttyze
ptyta ttyea ttyzf
ptytb ttyeb urandom
ptytc ttyec zero
ptytd ttyed
#
3 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您可以选择将文件系统嵌入到内核映像中。选择initramfs选项并指向您创建的文件系统。 我使用buildroot来创建我需要的所有图像以及文件系统。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
如果您想查看根文件系统本身，请尝试
cd /
ls -lp
。如果您想使用SD卡，请尝试安装它。
mount /dev/mmcblkp** /mnt
使用SD卡分区（
mmcblkp1p1 or mmcblk1p2）代替mmcblkp **。
答案 2 :(得分：2)
我刚看到你更新的问题。在 Qsys图片中，我没有看到 SD卡界面 （理想情况下应该是）。我相信在添加这个界面之后应该是这样的：
一旦你在你的情况下看到这种Qsys，我相信只有你可以安装SD卡。
我只有enabling SD card的一种方式并在nios2上使用SD card as filesystem。然而它有点旧，但我认为它会帮助你。
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