如何将函数指针从C#传递给C ++ Dll?

时间:2017-04-05 09:19:48

标签: c# c++ dll delegates pinvoke

C ++ dll中定义的函数是:

static double (*Func1)(double);
EXTERN_C __declspec(dllexport) __stdcall double TestDelegate(double (*fun)(double))
{
    Func1 = fun;
    return Func1(25.0);
}


void My_Real_purpose()
{
    SomeClass a;
    a.SetFunction(Func1);//Define behaviour of a by C# in runtime
    a.DoSomething();//Even I want it runs in another thread!
}

我尝试用C#这样称呼它:

    class A
    {
        [DllImport("DllName.dll")]
        public extern static double TestDelegate(IntPtr f);

        public delegate double MyFuncDelegate(double x);

        public static double MyFunc(double x)
        {
            return Math.Sqrt(x);
        }

        static MyFuncDelegate ff;
        static GCHandle gch;
        public static double Invoke()
        {
            ff = new MyFuncDelegate(MyFunc);
            gch = GCHandle.Alloc(ff);  
            double c = TestDelegate(Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(ff));//Error occurs this line
            gch.Free();
            return c;
        }

    }

编译时没有错误。但是当它运行时,VS2012会显示“访问冲突异常”错误。

我已经搜索并尝试了很多方法,例如传递委托而不是IntPtr,但所有这些方法都失败了。

那么,在包含函数指针的dll中使用API​​函数的正确方法是什么?或者如何实现“My_Real_purpose”函数?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

您的委托使用cdecl调用约定。因此,在C#中,您将声明代理如下:

[UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public delegate double CallbackDelegate(double x);

作为替代方案,您可以决定将C ++中的函数指针声明为__stdcall,在这种情况下,您将删除UnmanagedFunctionPointer属性并依赖于CallingConvention.StdCall的默认调用约定

像这样实施:

public static double MyFunc(double x)
{
    return Math.Sqrt(x);
}

为了使非托管函数指针保持活动状态(防止GC),您需要在变量中保存委托的实例。

private static CallbackDelegate delegateInstance;
....
delegateInstance = MyFunc;

在这里的简单示例中,C ++代码不使用TestDelegate之外的非托管函数指针,但在更复杂的示例中,您可以这样做,在这种情况下,您必须保留非托管函数指针还活着。

您导入的函数声明如下:

[DllImport("DllName.dll")]
public extern static double TestDelegate(CallbackDelegate f);

然后你可以这样称呼它:

double retval = TestDelegate(delegateInstance);

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在C ++方面,我明确指定了回调的调用约定,例如: __stdcall(您尚未在代码中完成此操作,我认为默认值为__cdecl):

// Include the calling convention (__stdcall) for the Callback
typedef double (__stdcall * Callback)(double);

// Just use "Callback" here, instead of repeating 
// the above function prototype
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) __stdcall double TestDelegate(Callback func)
{
    return func(25.0);
}

// BTW: Can export also using .DEF file to avoid __stdcall name mangling

在C#方面,您可以尝试这样的事情:

public delegate double CallbackDelegate(double x);

// PInvoke declaration for the native DLL exported function
[DllImport("YourDLL.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern double TestDelegate(CallbackDelegate func);

private double MyFunctionCallback(double x)
{
    // ... Implement your C# callback code ...
}

CallbackDelegate managedDelegate = new CallbackDelegate(MyFunctionCallback);

// Call into the native DLL, passing the managed callback
TestDelegate(managedDelegate);