C ++ dll中定义的函数是:
static double (*Func1)(double);
EXTERN_C __declspec(dllexport) __stdcall double TestDelegate(double (*fun)(double))
{
Func1 = fun;
return Func1(25.0);
}
void My_Real_purpose()
{
SomeClass a;
a.SetFunction(Func1);//Define behaviour of a by C# in runtime
a.DoSomething();//Even I want it runs in another thread!
}
我尝试用C#这样称呼它:
class A
{
[DllImport("DllName.dll")]
public extern static double TestDelegate(IntPtr f);
public delegate double MyFuncDelegate(double x);
public static double MyFunc(double x)
{
return Math.Sqrt(x);
}
static MyFuncDelegate ff;
static GCHandle gch;
public static double Invoke()
{
ff = new MyFuncDelegate(MyFunc);
gch = GCHandle.Alloc(ff);
double c = TestDelegate(Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(ff));//Error occurs this line
gch.Free();
return c;
}
}
编译时没有错误。但是当它运行时,VS2012会显示“访问冲突异常”错误。
我已经搜索并尝试了很多方法,例如传递委托而不是IntPtr,但所有这些方法都失败了。
那么,在包含函数指针的dll中使用API函数的正确方法是什么?或者如何实现“My_Real_purpose”函数?
答案 0 :(得分:7)
您的委托使用cdecl
调用约定。因此,在C#中,您将声明代理如下:
[UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public delegate double CallbackDelegate(double x);
作为替代方案,您可以决定将C ++中的函数指针声明为__stdcall
,在这种情况下,您将删除UnmanagedFunctionPointer
属性并依赖于CallingConvention.StdCall
的默认调用约定
像这样实施:
public static double MyFunc(double x)
{
return Math.Sqrt(x);
}
为了使非托管函数指针保持活动状态(防止GC),您需要在变量中保存委托的实例。
private static CallbackDelegate delegateInstance;
....
delegateInstance = MyFunc;
在这里的简单示例中,C ++代码不使用TestDelegate
之外的非托管函数指针,但在更复杂的示例中,您可以这样做,在这种情况下,您必须保留非托管函数指针还活着。
您导入的函数声明如下:
[DllImport("DllName.dll")]
public extern static double TestDelegate(CallbackDelegate f);
然后你可以这样称呼它:
double retval = TestDelegate(delegateInstance);
答案 1 :(得分:0)
在C ++方面,我明确指定了回调的调用约定,例如: __stdcall
(您尚未在代码中完成此操作,我认为默认值为__cdecl
):
// Include the calling convention (__stdcall) for the Callback
typedef double (__stdcall * Callback)(double);
// Just use "Callback" here, instead of repeating
// the above function prototype
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) __stdcall double TestDelegate(Callback func)
{
return func(25.0);
}
// BTW: Can export also using .DEF file to avoid __stdcall name mangling
在C#方面,您可以尝试这样的事情:
public delegate double CallbackDelegate(double x);
// PInvoke declaration for the native DLL exported function
[DllImport("YourDLL.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern double TestDelegate(CallbackDelegate func);
private double MyFunctionCallback(double x)
{
// ... Implement your C# callback code ...
}
CallbackDelegate managedDelegate = new CallbackDelegate(MyFunctionCallback);
// Call into the native DLL, passing the managed callback
TestDelegate(managedDelegate);