Question

我有一个句子的文本文件。我需要随机读取字符串并在输出文件中输出字符串及其行号。我写了以下代码：

ifile = open("test2.txt", "r")
otfile = open("OUT3.txt", "w")
otfile.write("Randomly Selected String \t\t\t Line Number")

import random 

i=0

for lines in ifile.readline():

  line = lines[i] 

  words = line.split() 
  myword = random.choice(words)

  otfile.write(myword)
  otfile.write(str(i))
  i +=1
  otfile.write("\n")

但是我只获得一个字符而没有行号。我一直在尝试更改代码，但我只是在创建错误。有什么想法吗？

（编辑） Test2.txt具有以下句子：

Brooklyn is the best place on Earth.
I had chocolate ice cream today.
I ate all the cookies in the cookie jar.
Today was a no good very bad day.
He got his clothes dirty playing outside.

Answer 1

您可以使用i，而不是手动递增enumerate()。代码的问题在于您line = lines[i]。您将该角色带到i位置并将其分配给line。

for i, line in enumerate(ifile.readlines(), start=1):
    words = line.split()
    myword = random.choice(words)

    otfile.write("Line: %d - Word: %s\n" % (i, myword))

由于随机性，课程的输出会发生变化。然而，一次运行可能会产生：

Line: 1 - Word: the
Line: 2 - Word: chocolate
Line: 3 - Word: I
Line: 4 - Word: was
Line: 5 - Word: clothes

Answer 2

这是你的错误来源：

for lines in ifile.readline():
    line = lines[i]

您可以清理代码的几个方面。问题是你在for循环中迭代单行文本文件，即ifile.readline()的值是一个字符串！所以当你这样做时：

for lines in ifile.readline():

循环变量lines正在迭代文件第一行的各个字符。我不确定你的意图：

line = lines[i]

但我会删除它。您可以直接逐行遍历文件处理程序，只需使用for循环：

f = open('my_file.txt')

for line in f:
    words = line.split()
    < do something with words >

此外，我应该再次指出应该解决的代码有几个方面。使用enumerate而不是明确地跟踪索引变量i是一个潜在的改进，因为使用with语句来打开文件。你的代码可能应该是这样的：

with open("test2.txt", "r") as ifile, open("OUT3.txt", "w") as otfile:
    otfile.write("Randomly Selected String \t\t\t Line Number")

    for i, line in enumerate(ifile):
        <do stuff with line and line number i>

Answer 3

i=1
for lines in ifile:
  print(lines)
  words = lines.strip().split()
  print(words)
  myword = random.choice(words)
  print(myword[random.randrange(0, len(myword))])
  myword = myword[random.randrange(0, len(myword))]  # chr , need str Comment this line

Answer 4

试试这个

with open('test2.txt') as f:
    lines = f.readlines()
    for line in lines:
        words = line.split(' ')
        myword = random.choice([x for x in words])
        print ">"+str(myword)

Answer 5

另一个解决方案！添加了一个计算行数的计数器，并将计数作为行输出。

ifile = open("text2.txt", "r")
otfile = open("OUT3.txt", "w")
otfile.write("")
lst = []
import random
count = 1 # count the number of lines. Starts at 1.
for lines in ifile.readlines():
   words = lines.split()
   lst.extend(words) # add all the words to a list using .extend method
   myword = random.choice(lst)
   otfile.write("Line:{} Word: {} ".format(count, myword))
   count += 1

出：Line:1 Word: the Line:2 Word: icecream Line:3 Word: chocolate Line:4 Word: the Line:5 Word: today. Line:6 Word: bad

从txt.file（Python）中随机生成一个Word

5 个答案: