所以我有一个WPF应用程序,它有一个带有子MVVM的基本MVVM。我试过谷歌搜索答案,但不确定技术术语,所以我将在下面提供两个例子,也许有人可以给我一些关于例子效率的见解。我想知道开销或重要性是否存在微小差异。
假设我的设置类似于以下
public class ParentViewModel
{
public ParentViewModel()
{
Child = new ChildViewModel();
}
public ChildViewModel Child { get; set; }
}
public class ChildViewModel
{
public ChildViewModel()
{
GrandChild = new GrandChildViewModel();
}
public GrandChildViewModel GrandChild { get; set; }
}
public class GrandChildViewModel
{
public GrandChildViewModel()
{
GreatGrandChild = new GreatGrandChildViewModel();
}
public GreatGrandChildViewModel GreatGrandChild { get; set; }
}
public class GreatGrandChildViewModel
{
public GreatGrandChildViewModel()
{
intA = 1;
intB = 2;
intC = 3;
}
public int intA { get; set; }
public int intB { get; set; }
public int intC { get; set; }
}
以下两个使用示例是我想要洞察的地方。
示例1:
public Main()
{
var parent = new ParentViewModel();
Console.WriteLine($"A: {parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intA}" +
$"B: {parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intB}" +
$"C: {parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intC}");
}
示例2:
public Main()
{
var greatGrandChild = new ParentViewModel().Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild;
Console.WriteLine($"A: {greatGrandChild.intA}" +
$"B: {greatGrandChild.intB}" +
$"C: {greatGrandChild.intC}");
}
哪一个效率更高?我问,因为我认为示例2会更有效率,因为它会降低到最低级别一次,然后访问intA,intB和intC。 这有关系吗?性能差异是否显着?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你会发现两者之间绝对没有优化。实际上,我怀疑编译器会将两种类型的语句优化到同一个IL中。
然而,后一个例子更具可读性,所以我选择这种方法。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我建议您获取所需的最小对象。
在您给出的示例中,性能差异可以忽略不计,但如果父/祖父/宏观对象中有更多数据,并且您传递此对象(特别是通过网络),则它可以有所作为。想象一下,将某人的整个家族树对象传递给一些真正只需要该人姓名的Web服务。
但它也通过抓住你需要的最小物体来显示你的意图。有意编程通常更容易阅读和维护,并允许您更容易地发现错误。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
虽然最初的想法是编译器会优化到相同的IL,但显然不是真的
虽然我没有检查过IL,但快速而肮脏的秒表测试表明孙子路线要快得多
使用问题中的视图模型,结果如下:
var parent = new ParentViewModel();
var greatGrandChild = new ParentViewModel().Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild;
var watch = new Stopwatch();
var a = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intA;
var b = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intB;
var c = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intC;
var bothTotal = 0L;
var longTotal = 0L;
var shortTotal = 0L;
watch.Start();
a = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intA;
b = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intB;
c = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intC;
a = greatGrandChild.intA;
b = greatGrandChild.intB;
c = greatGrandChild.intC;
watch.Stop();
bothTotal += watch.ElapsedTicks;
watch.Reset();
Console.WriteLine("Longhand and Shorthand: " + bothTotal);
watch.Start();
a = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intA;
b = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intB;
c = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intC;
a = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intA;
b = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intB;
c = parent.Child.GrandChild.GreatGrandChild.intC;
watch.Stop();
longTotal += watch.ElapsedTicks;
watch.Reset();
Console.WriteLine("Longhand Only: " + longTotal);
watch.Start();
a = greatGrandChild.intA;
b = greatGrandChild.intB;
c = greatGrandChild.intC;
a = greatGrandChild.intA;
b = greatGrandChild.intB;
c = greatGrandChild.intC;
watch.Stop();
shortTotal += watch.ElapsedTicks;
watch.Reset();
Console.WriteLine("Shorthand Only: " + shortTotal);
这些是我的典型结果:
Longhand and Shorthand: 22
Longhand Only: 3
Shorthand Only: 2
这显然不是最细微的测试,并且肯定有关于它的事情可以被认为倾向于确认偏差 - 但从表面上看,它确实表现为'简写'路线更优化,值得进一步测试
<强>更新强>
我经历了检查生成的IL,结果很清楚:
普通写法:
// Setup the object:
newobj instance void ParentViewModel::.ctor()
// Actually call the members:
callvirt instance class ChildViewModel ParentViewModel::get_Child()
callvirt instance class GrandChildViewModel ChildViewModel::get_GrandChild()
callvirt instance class GreatGrandChildViewModel
GrandChildViewModel::get_GreatGrandChild()
callvirt instance int32 GreatGrandChildViewModel::get_intA()
callvirt instance class ChildViewModel ParentViewModel::get_Child()
callvirt instance class GrandChildViewModel ChildViewModel::get_GrandChild()
callvirt instance class GreatGrandChildViewModel
GrandChildViewModel::get_GreatGrandChild()
callvirt instance int32 GreatGrandChildViewModel::get_intB()
callvirt instance class ChildViewModel ParentViewModel::get_Child()
callvirt instance class GrandChildViewModel ChildViewModel::get_GrandChild()
callvirt instance class GreatGrandChildViewModel
GrandChildViewModel::get_GreatGrandChild()
callvirt instance int32 GreatGrandChildViewModel::get_intC()
简写:
// Setup the object
newobj instance void ParentViewModel::.ctor()
call instance class ChildViewModel ParentViewModel::get_Child()
callvirt instance class GrandChildViewModel ChildViewModel::get_GrandChild()
callvirt instance class GreatGrandChildViewModel GrandChildViewModel::get_GreatGrandChild()
// Actually call the members:
callvirt instance int32 GreatGrandChildViewModel::get_intA()
callvirt instance int32 GreatGrandChildViewModel::get_intB()
callvirt instance int32 GreatGrandChildViewModel::get_intC()