我正在尝试使用scikit-learn来分类大量的文本文档,尽管我使用的是核心外功能(使用SGDClassifier
和HashingVectorizer
)程序似乎消耗了大量的RAM(> 10GB)。我在此之前执行了词形还原并从文本数据中删除了停用词。我觉得我错过了一些重要的事情。你能在我的代码中发现错误吗?
非常感谢您的任何建议!
这是我的python代码:
import time
import numpy as np
import os
import re
import pyprind
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import HashingVectorizer
from sklearn.linear_model import SGDClassifier
from sklearn.naive_bayes import MultinomialNB
from sklearn import metrics
directory = "mydirectory"
batch_size = 1000
n_batches = 44
pbar = pyprind.ProgBar(n_batches)
class Doc_Iterable:
def __init__(self, file):
self.file = file
def __iter__(self):
for line in self.file:
line = re.sub('[^\w\s]|(.\d{1,4}[\./]\d{1,2}[\./]\d{1,4})|(\s\d{1,})', '', line)
yield line
def stream_docs(path, texts_file, labels_file):
with open(path + texts_file, 'r') as fX, open(path + labels_file, 'r') as fy:
for text in fX:
label = next(fy)
text = re.sub('[^\w\s]|(.\d{1,4}[\./]\d{1,2}[\./]\d{1,4})|(\s\d{1,})', '', text)
yield text, label
def get_minibatch(doc_stream, size):
X, y = [], []
for _ in range(size):
text, label = next(doc_stream)
X.append(text)
y.append(label)
return X, y
classes = set()
for label in open(directory + 'y_train', 'r'):
classes.add(label)
for label in open(directory + 'y_test', 'r'):
classes.add(label)
classes = list(classes)
validation_scores = []
training_set_size = []
h_vectorizer = HashingVectorizer(lowercase=True, ngram_range=(1,1))
clf = SGDClassifier(loss='hinge', n_iter=5, alpha=1e-4, shuffle=True)
doc_stream = stream_docs(path=directory, texts_file='X_train', labels_file='y_train')
n_samples = 0
iteration = 0
for _ in range(n_batches):
print("Training with batch nr.", iteration)
iteration += 1
X_train, y_train = get_minibatch(doc_stream, size=batch_size)
n_samples += len(X_train)
X_train = h_vectorizer.transform(X_train)
clf.partial_fit(X_train, y_train, classes=classes)
pbar.update()
del X_train
del y_train
print("Training complete. Classifier trained with " + str(n_samples) + " samples.")
print()
print("Testing...")
print()
X_test = h_vectorizer.transform(Doc_Iterable(open(directory + 'X_test')))
y_test = np.genfromtxt(directory + 'y_test', dtype=None, delimiter='|').astype(str)
prediction = clf.predict(X_test)
score = metrics.accuracy_score(y_test, prediction)
print("Accuracy: ", score)
print()
答案 0 :(得分:2)
尝试调整n_features
中的HashingVectorizer
,例如:
h_vectorizer = HashingVectorizer(n_features=10000, lowercase=True, ngram_range=(1,1))
使用默认参数(n_features=1048576
),您可以预期转换后的矩阵最多包含:
1048576(features) x 1000(mini batch size) x 8 bytes = 8.4 GB
由于稀疏性,它会小于那个,但分类器的系数会加起来:
1048576(features) x len(classes) * 8 bytes
这样可以解释您当前的内存使用情况。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
这可能不是一个答案(如果由于声誉问题我无法发表评论,很抱歉)但我已经开展了图像分类项目。
根据我的经验,使用scikit-learn的训练非常缓慢(在我的情况下,我使用了大约30张图像,我花了将近2-6分钟来训练分类器)。当我切换到OpenCV-python时,在使用相同数量的训练数据时训练相同的分类器只需要大约一分钟或更短的时间。