使用对象列表进行序列化

时间:2017-03-10 06:17:41

标签: c# xml serialization deserialization

我尝试在一个XML文件中保存和读取多个对象。

函数Serialize不能使用我现有的List,但我不知道为什么。我已经尝试编译它,但我得到一个错误,它说,该方法需要一个对象参考。

的Program.cs:

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            List<Cocktail> lstCocktails = new List<Cocktail>();
            listCocktails.AddRange(new Cocktail[]
            {
                new Cocktail(1,"Test",true,true,
                new Cocktail(1, "Test4", true, true, 0)
        });


            Serialize(lstCocktails);

        }

        public void Serialize(List<Cocktail> list)
        {
            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Cocktail>));
            using (TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(@"C:\Users\user\Desktop\MapSample\bin\Debug\ListCocktail.xml"))
            {
                serializer.Serialize(writer, list);
            }
        }

        private void DiserializeFunc()
        {
            var myDeserializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Cocktail>));
            using (var myFileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\Users\user\Desktop\MapSample\bin\Debug\ListCocktail.xml", FileMode.Open))
            {
                ListCocktails = (List<Cocktail>)myDeserializer.Deserialize(myFileStream);
            }
        }

Cocktail.cs:

    [Serializable()]
    [XmlRoot("locations")]
    public class Cocktail
    {

        [XmlElement("id")]
        public int CocktailID { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("name")]
        public string CocktailName { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("alc")]
        public bool alcohol { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("visible")]
        public bool is_visible { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("counter")]
        public int counter { get; set; }
        private XmlSerializer ser;

        public Cocktail() {
            ser = new XmlSerializer(this.GetType());
        }
        public Cocktail(int id, string name, bool alc,bool vis,int count)
        {
            this.CocktailID = id;
            this.CocktailName = name;
            this.alcohol = alc;
            this.is_visible = vis;
            this.counter = count;
        }
    }
}

我还认为我用DiserializeFunc()弄乱了一些东西。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您非常接近正确实现Cocktail类,但我认为您对如何序列化列表感到困惑。您对Cocktail对象类的实现完全没问题,只需删除与列表相关的函数。

using System;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace Serialization_Help
{
    [Serializable()]
    [XmlRoot("locations")]
    public class Cocktail
    {

        [XmlElement("id")]
        public int CocktailID { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("name")]
        public string CocktailName { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("alc")]
        public bool alcohol { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("visible")]
        public bool is_visible { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("counter")]
        public int counter { get; set; }
        public Cocktail() {

        }
        public Cocktail(int id, string name, bool alc, bool vis, int count)
        {
            this.CocktailID = id;
            this.CocktailName = name;
            this.alcohol = alc;
            this.is_visible = vis;
            this.counter = count;
        }
    }
}

现在,在新功能中,您希望直接序列化列表。

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace Serialization_Help
{
    class Program {
        static void Main(string[] args) {
            List<Cocktail> list = new List<Cocktail> {
                new Cocktail(01, "rum and coke", true, true, 5),
                new Cocktail(02, "water on the rocks", false, true, 3)
            };
            Serialize(list);
            List<Cocktail> deserialized = DiserializeFunc();
        }

        public static void Serialize(List<Cocktail> list) {

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Cocktail>));
            using (TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + @"\ListCocktail.xml")) serializer.Serialize(writer, list);
        }

        private static List<Cocktail> DiserializeFunc() {
            var myDeserializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Cocktail>));
            using (var myFileStream = new FileStream(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + @"\ListCocktail.xml", FileMode.Open)) return (List<Cocktail>)myDeserializer.Deserialize(myFileStream);
        }
    }
}

这样做应该正确地打印出以下.xml输出:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ArrayOfCocktail xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <Cocktail>
    <id>1</id>
    <name>rum and coke</name>
    <alc>true</alc>
    <visible>true</visible>
    <counter>5</counter>
  </Cocktail>
  <Cocktail>
    <id>2</id>
    <name>water on the rocks</name>
    <alc>false</alc>
    <visible>true</visible>
    <counter>3</counter>
  </Cocktail>
</ArrayOfCocktail>

请记住,我没有提供该文件的任何标准安全或空检查的实现。您必须使用File.Exists(...) (see here for File.Exists implementation)自行检查文件是否存在,并实施正确的trycatch个案例,以及您的代码在运行时会选择做什么进入序列化或输入/输出错误。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您最好使用ExtendedXmlSerializer来序列化和反序列化。

<强>安装门 您可以从nuget安装ExtendedXmlSerializer,也可以运行以下命令:

Install-Package ExtendedXmlSerializer

<强>序列化

ExtendedXmlSerializer serializer = new ExtendedXmlSerializer();
var list = new List<Cocktail>();
var xml = serializer.Serialize(list);

<强>反序列化

var list = serializer.Deserialize<List<Cocktail>>(xml);

.NET中的标准XML Serializer非常有限。

  • 不支持使用循环引用或带接口属性的类
  • 的类的序列化
  • 不支持词典,
  • 没有读取旧版XML的机制,
  • 如果要创建自定义序列化程序,则您的类必须从IXmlSerializable继承。这意味着您的课程不会是POCO课程,
  • 不支持IoC。

ExtendedXmlSerializer可以执行此操作等等。

ExtendedXmlSerializer支持 .NET 4.5 或更高版本以及 .NET Core 。您可以将它与WebApi和AspCore集成。