问题的快速概要：我有一个我从网上下载的Powershell脚本，目的是允许我提供一个名为'computername'的参数，其值为逗号分隔的IP地址，以便在远程计算机上运行netstat并返回值。当我从Powershell控制台执行此脚本时，它运行完美。我然后下载了C＃执行powershell脚本的示例，并使其在我的本地计算机上运行，但是当我添加computername的参数并提供地址列表时，它会因RPC Server Unavailable错误而失败。以下是Powershell脚本本身：
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Display current TCP/IP connections for local or remote system
.FUNCTIONALITY
Computers
.DESCRIPTION
Display current TCP/IP connections for local or remote system. Includes the process ID (PID) and process name for each connection.
If the port is not yet established, the port number is shown as an asterisk (*).
.PARAMETER ProcessName
Gets connections by the name of the process. The default value is '*'.
.PARAMETER Port
The port number of the local computer or remote computer. The default value is '*'.
.PARAMETER Address
Gets connections by the IP address of the connection, local or remote. Wildcard is supported. The default value is '*'.
.PARAMETER Protocol
The name of the protocol (TCP or UDP). The default value is '*' (all)
.PARAMETER State
Indicates the state of a TCP connection. The possible states are as follows:
Closed - The TCP connection is closed.
Close_Wait - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is waiting for a connection termination request from the local user.
Closing - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is waiting for an acknowledgement of the connection termination request sent previously.
Delete_Tcb - The transmission control buffer (TCB) for the TCP connection is being deleted.
Established - The TCP handshake is complete. The connection has been established and data can be sent.
Fin_Wait_1 - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is waiting for a connection termination request from the remote endpoint or for an acknowledgement of the connection termination request sent previously.
Fin_Wait_2 - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is waiting for a connection termination request from the remote endpoint.
Last_Ack - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is waiting for the final acknowledgement of the connection termination request sent previously.
Listen - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is listening for a connection request from any remote endpoint.
Syn_Received - The local endpoint of the TCP connection has sent and received a connection request and is waiting for an acknowledgment.
Syn_Sent - The local endpoint of the TCP connection has sent the remote endpoint a segment header with the synchronize (SYN) control bit set and is waiting for a matching connection request.
Time_Wait - The local endpoint of the TCP connection is waiting for enough time to pass to ensure that the remote endpoint received the acknowledgement of its connection termination request.
Unknown - The TCP connection state is unknown.
Values are based on the TcpState Enumeration:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.networkinformation.tcpstate%28VS.85%29.aspx
Cookie Monster - modified these to match netstat output per here:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/137984
.PARAMETER ComputerName
If defined, run this command on a remote system via WMI. \\computername\c$\netstat.txt is created on that system and the results returned here
.PARAMETER ShowHostNames
If specified, will attempt to resolve local and remote addresses.
.PARAMETER tempFile
Temporary file to store results on remote system. Must be relative to remote system (not a file share). Default is "C:\netstat.txt"
.PARAMETER AddressFamily
Filter by IP Address family: IPv4, IPv6, or the default, * (both).
If specified, we display any result where both the localaddress and the remoteaddress is in the address family.
.EXAMPLE
Get-NetworkStatistics | Format-Table
.EXAMPLE
Get-NetworkStatistics iexplore -computername k-it-thin-02 -ShowHostNames | Format-Table
.EXAMPLE
Get-NetworkStatistics -ProcessName md* -Protocol tcp
.EXAMPLE
Get-NetworkStatistics -Address 192* -State LISTENING
.EXAMPLE
Get-NetworkStatistics -State LISTENING -Protocol tcp
.EXAMPLE
Get-NetworkStatistics -Computername Computer1, Computer2
.EXAMPLE
'Computer1', 'Computer2' | Get-NetworkStatistics
.OUTPUTS
System.Management.Automation.PSObject
.NOTES
Author: Shay Levy, code butchered by Cookie Monster
Shay's Blog: http://PowerShay.com
Cookie Monster's Blog: http://ramblingcookiemonster.github.io/
.LINK
http://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/scriptcenter/Get-NetworkStatistics-66057d71
#>
[OutputType('System.Management.Automation.PSObject')]
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Position=0)]
[System.String]$ProcessName='*',
[Parameter(Position=1)]
[System.String]$Address='*',
[Parameter(Position=2)]
$Port='*',
[Parameter(Position=3,
ValueFromPipeline = $True,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
[System.String[]]$ComputerName=$env:COMPUTERNAME,
[ValidateSet('*','tcp','udp')]
[System.String]$Protocol='*',
[ValidateSet('*','Closed','Close_Wait','Closing','Delete_Tcb','DeleteTcb','Established','Fin_Wait_1','Fin_Wait_2','Last_Ack','Listening','Syn_Received','Syn_Sent','Time_Wait','Unknown')]
[System.String]$State='*',
[switch]$ShowHostnames,
[switch]$ShowProcessNames = $true,
[System.String]$TempFile = "C:\netstat.txt",
[validateset('*','IPv4','IPv6')]
[string]$AddressFamily = '*'
)
begin{
#Define properties
$properties = 'ComputerName','Protocol','LocalAddress','LocalPort','RemoteAddress','RemotePort','State','ProcessName','PID'
#store hostnames in array for quick lookup
$dnsCache = @{}
}
process{
foreach($Computer in $ComputerName) {
#Collect processes
if($ShowProcessNames){
Try {
$processes = Get-Process -ComputerName $Computer -ErrorAction stop | select name, id
}
Catch {
Write-warning "Could not run Get-Process -computername $Computer. Verify permissions and connectivity. Defaulting to no ShowProcessNames"
$ShowProcessNames = $false
}
}
#Handle remote systems
if($Computer -ne $env:COMPUTERNAME){
#define command
[string]$cmd = "cmd /c c:\windows\system32\netstat.exe -ano >> $tempFile"
#define remote file path - computername, drive, folder path
$remoteTempFile = "\\{0}\{1}`${2}" -f "$Computer", (split-path $tempFile -qualifier).TrimEnd(":"), (Split-Path $tempFile -noqualifier)
#delete previous results
Try{
$null = Invoke-WmiMethod -class Win32_process -name Create -ArgumentList "cmd /c del $tempFile" -ComputerName $Computer -ErrorAction stop
}
Catch{
Write-Warning "Could not invoke create win32_process on $Computer to delete $tempfile"
}
#run command
Try{
$processID = (Invoke-WmiMethod -class Win32_process -name Create -ArgumentList $cmd -ComputerName $Computer -ErrorAction stop).processid
}
Catch{
#If we didn't run netstat, break everything off
Throw $_
Break
}
#wait for process to complete
while (
#This while should return true until the process completes
$(
try{
get-process -id $processid -computername $Computer -ErrorAction Stop
}
catch{
$FALSE
}
)
) {
start-sleep -seconds 2
}
#gather results
if(test-path $remoteTempFile){
Try {
$results = Get-Content $remoteTempFile | Select-String -Pattern '\s+(TCP|UDP)'
}
Catch {
Throw "Could not get content from $remoteTempFile for results"
Break
}
Remove-Item $remoteTempFile -force
}
else{
Throw "'$tempFile' on $Computer converted to '$remoteTempFile'. This path is not accessible from your system."
Break
}
}
else{
#gather results on local PC
$results = netstat -ano | Select-String -Pattern '\s+(TCP|UDP)'
}
#initialize counter for progress
$totalCount = $results.count
$count = 0
#Loop through each line of results
foreach($result in $results) {
$item = $result.line.split(' ',[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries)
if($item[1] -notmatch '^\[::'){
#parse the netstat line for local address and port
if (($la = $item[1] -as [ipaddress]).AddressFamily -eq 'InterNetworkV6'){
$localAddress = $la.IPAddressToString
$localPort = $item[1].split('\]:')[-1]
}
else {
$localAddress = $item[1].split(':')[0]
$localPort = $item[1].split(':')[-1]
}
#parse the netstat line for remote address and port
if (($ra = $item[2] -as [ipaddress]).AddressFamily -eq 'InterNetworkV6'){
$remoteAddress = $ra.IPAddressToString
$remotePort = $item[2].split('\]:')[-1]
}
else {
$remoteAddress = $item[2].split(':')[0]
$remotePort = $item[2].split(':')[-1]
}
#Filter IPv4/IPv6 if specified
if($AddressFamily -ne "*")
{
if($AddressFamily -eq 'IPv4' -and $localAddress -match ':' -and $remoteAddress -match ':|\*' )
{
#Both are IPv6, or ipv6 and listening, skip
Write-Verbose "Filtered by AddressFamily:`n$result"
continue
}
elseif($AddressFamily -eq 'IPv6' -and $localAddress -notmatch ':' -and ( $remoteAddress -notmatch ':' -or $remoteAddress -match '*' ) )
{
#Both are IPv4, or ipv4 and listening, skip
Write-Verbose "Filtered by AddressFamily:`n$result"
continue
}
}
#parse the netstat line for other properties
$procId = $item[-1]
$proto = $item[0]
$status = if($item[0] -eq 'tcp') {$item[3]} else {$null}
#Filter the object
if($remotePort -notlike $Port -and $localPort -notlike $Port){
write-verbose "remote $Remoteport local $localport port $port"
Write-Verbose "Filtered by Port:`n$result"
continue
}
if($remoteAddress -notlike $Address -and $localAddress -notlike $Address){
Write-Verbose "Filtered by Address:`n$result"
continue
}
if($status -notlike $State){
Write-Verbose "Filtered by State:`n$result"
continue
}
if($proto -notlike $Protocol){
Write-Verbose "Filtered by Protocol:`n$result"
continue
}
#Display progress bar prior to getting process name or host name
Write-Progress -Activity "Resolving host and process names"`
-Status "Resolving process ID $procId with remote address $remoteAddress and local address $localAddress"`
-PercentComplete (( $count / $totalCount ) * 100)
#If we are running showprocessnames, get the matching name
if($ShowProcessNames -or $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey -eq 'ProcessName'){
#handle case where process spun up in the time between running get-process and running netstat
if($procName = $processes | Where {$_.id -eq $procId} | select -ExpandProperty name ){ }
else {$procName = "Unknown"}
}
else{$procName = "NA"}
if($procName -notlike $ProcessName){
Write-Verbose "Filtered by ProcessName:`n$result"
continue
}
#if the showhostnames switch is specified, try to map IP to hostname
if($showHostnames){
$tmpAddress = $null
try{
if($remoteAddress -eq "127.0.0.1" -or $remoteAddress -eq "0.0.0.0"){
$remoteAddress = $Computer
}
elseif($remoteAddress -match "\w"){
#check with dns cache first
if ($dnsCache.containskey( $remoteAddress)) {
$remoteAddress = $dnsCache[$remoteAddress]
write-verbose "using cached REMOTE '$remoteAddress'"
}
else{
#if address isn't in the cache, resolve it and add it
$tmpAddress = $remoteAddress
$remoteAddress = [System.Net.DNS]::GetHostByAddress("$remoteAddress").hostname
$dnsCache.add($tmpAddress, $remoteAddress)
write-verbose "using non cached REMOTE '$remoteAddress`t$tmpAddress"
}
}
}
catch{ }
try{
if($localAddress -eq "127.0.0.1" -or $localAddress -eq "0.0.0.0"){
$localAddress = $Computer
}
elseif($localAddress -match "\w"){
#check with dns cache first
if($dnsCache.containskey($localAddress)){
$localAddress = $dnsCache[$localAddress]
write-verbose "using cached LOCAL '$localAddress'"
}
else{
#if address isn't in the cache, resolve it and add it
$tmpAddress = $localAddress
$localAddress = [System.Net.DNS]::GetHostByAddress("$localAddress").hostname
$dnsCache.add($localAddress, $tmpAddress)
write-verbose "using non cached LOCAL '$localAddress'`t'$tmpAddress'"
}
}
}
catch{ }
}
#Write the object
New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property @{
ComputerName = $Computer
PID = $procId
ProcessName = $procName
Protocol = $proto
LocalAddress = $localAddress
LocalPort = $localPort
RemoteAddress =$remoteAddress
RemotePort = $remotePort
State = $status
} | Select-Object -Property $properties
#Increment the progress counter
$count++
}
}
}
}
以下是我提供上述脚本的Powershell命令（名为Get-NetworkStatistics2.ps1）
PS C:\Scripts> C:\Scripts\Get-NetworkStatistics2.ps1 -AddressFamily IPv4 -ComputerName 10.66.64.43, 10.66.41.69, 10.66.41.70, 10.66.41.71, 10.66.44.92, 10.27.40.105, 10.66.40.20, 10.66.40.182, 10.66.64.46, 10.66.64.45, 10.27.40.106, 10.40.21.249, 10.40.21.195, 10.40.21.225, 10.40.21.213, 10.40.21.221, 10.66.44.60, 10.66.62.65, 10.66.62.66 | Format-Table -autosize >> "C:\scripts\201703041042.txt"
当我执行上面的命令时，它运行完美，并将结果传递给命令末尾指示的文件。
这是用于创建运行此相同位的exe的C＃代码：
public void ExecuteSynchronously()
{
string sTab = "\t"; //make a tab character for file line formatting
//this will be my output file
TextWriter oTxt = File.AppendText(@"C:\Clients\FOO\NetStats\PSDumps.txt");
//here we read the script in from a file
string sScript;
TextReader oScript = File.OpenText(@"C:\Clients\FOO\Scripts\Get-NetworkStatistics2.ps1");
sScript = oScript.ReadToEnd();
//textreader cleanup
oScript.Close();
oScript.Dispose();
oScript = null;
using (PowerShell PowerShellInstance = PowerShell.Create())
{
// use "AddScript" to add the contents of a script file to the end of the execution pipeline.
// use "AddCommand" to add individual commands/cmdlets to the end of the execution pipeline.
PowerShellInstance.AddScript(sScript); //add my script
//add the list of computers
PowerShellInstance.AddParameter("computername", "10.66.64.43, 10.66.41.69, 10.66.41.70, 10.66.41.71, 10.66.44.92, 10.27.40.105, 10.66.40.20, 10.66.40.182, 10.66.64.46, 10.66.64.45, 10.27.40.106, 10.40.21.249, 10.40.21.195, 10.40.21.225, 10.40.21.213, 10.40.21.221, 10.66.44.60, 10.66.62.65, 10.66.62.66");
//add the flag to say I am not interested in IPv6
PowerShellInstance.AddParameter("AddressFamily", "IPv4");
// invoke execution on the pipeline (collecting output)
var PSOutput = PowerShellInstance.Invoke();
// check the other output streams (for example, the error stream)
if (PowerShellInstance.Streams.Error.Count > 0)
{
//not done this yet : )
// error records were written to the error stream.
// do something with the items found.
}
string sLine = "";
//// loop through each output object item and build my own tab delimed file...
foreach (PSObject outputItem in PSOutput)
{
foreach (PSNoteProperty prop in outputItem.Properties)
{
if (prop.Value == null)
{
sLine += "" + sTab;
}
else
{
sLine += prop.Value.ToString() + sTab;
}
}
sLine = sLine.Trim();
oTxt.WriteLine(sLine);
sLine = "";
}
//textwriter cleanup
oTxt.Close();
oTxt.Dispose();
oTxt = null;
}
}
最后......这是C＃可执行文件生成的错误消息。
Unhandled Exception: System.Management.Automation.RuntimeException: The RPC serv
er is unavailable. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800706BA) ---> System.Runtime.Inte
ropServices.COMException: The RPC server is unavailable. (Exception from HRESULT
: 0x800706BA)
at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHRInternal(Int32 e
rrorCode, IntPtr errorInfo)
at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(Int32 errorCode
)
at System.Management.ManagementScope.InitializeGuts(Object o)
at System.Management.ManagementScope.Initialize()
at System.Management.ManagementObject.Initialize(Boolean getObject)
at System.Management.ManagementObject.GetMethodParameters(String methodName,
ManagementBaseObject& inParameters, IWbemClassObjectFreeThreaded& inParametersCl
ass, IWbemClassObjectFreeThreaded& outParametersClass)
at System.Management.ManagementObject.GetMethodParameters(String methodName)
at Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeWmiMethod.ProcessRecord()
--- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.PipelineBase.Invoke(IEnumerable inp
ut)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Worker.ConstructPipelineAndDoWork(
Runspace rs, Boolean performSyncInvoke)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Worker.CreateRunspaceIfNeededAndDo
Work(Runspace rsToUse, Boolean isSync)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.CoreInvokeHelper[TInput,TOutput](P
SDataCollection`1 input, PSDataCollection`1 output, PSInvocationSettings setting
s)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.CoreInvoke[TInput,TOutput](PSDataC
ollection`1 input, PSDataCollection`1 output, PSInvocationSettings settings)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.CoreInvoke[TOutput](IEnumerable in
put, PSDataCollection`1 output, PSInvocationSettings settings)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Invoke(IEnumerable input, PSInvoca
tionSettings settings)
at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Invoke()
at PowerShellExecutionSample.PowerShellExecutor.ExecuteSynchronously()
at PowerShellExecutionSample.Program.Main(String[] args)
任何人都可以在我试图用我的C＃exe运行它的同一个盒子上解释它在Powershell中是如何工作的吗？
我应该注意，我创建了一个只在本地机器上运行netstat的版本，它运行良好并且生成了完美的文件。
非常感谢您提供任何帮助。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我真的把这个道具归功于@ mklement0。他鼓励我采取一种更简单的方法来隔离问题并且有效。
正如我在上面提到的问题中，有一个名为“ComputerName”的参数。使用逗号分隔的值字符串（即使使用逗号+空格）从Powershell ISE运行脚本也可以正常工作。当我把它带到C＃程序运行时它不是很好。所以我采用@mklement建议并插入一个远程IP，它工作得很好。那时我知道问题出在这个区域。我将IP地址字符串转换为数组，使用数组作为ComputerName参数值，然后瞧。这是工作。我在Powershell很新，而且在C＃上也不是那么出色。感谢您的帮助和那些阅读它的人。