我被告知要修复遗留应用程序中的错误。
我可以重现一个错误,但我不清楚错误执行的python源代码行。
我可以看到strace
的相关失败:文件被打开,不应该打开。
我想让相关的open()linux-syscall在python解释器中引发一个Exception。我的目标:我希望看到堆栈跟踪能够修复错误。
通过这种方式,我可以避免花费大量时间在调试器上进行操作。
与其他词语相同:如果syscall被执行,导致open("/somefile", O_RDONLY) = 4
的strace输出,python解释器应该以traceback退出。
有人有解决方案吗?
如果您不了解我在寻找什么,请发表评论。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我们可以在导入模块之前在open
上做一个补丁,这是一个例子:
test.py
中的:
def func():
with open('test', 'w') as f:
pass
test2.py
中的:
try:
import __builtin__ # for python2
except ImportError:
import builtins as __builtin__ #for python3
import copy
import traceback
orig_open = copy.copy(__builtin__.open)
def myopen(*args):
traceback.print_stack()
return orig_open(*args)
__builtin__.open = myopen
from test import func # Note that we import the module after patching on open()
func()
并且在func()
中调用test2.py
时,将打印调用堆栈:
$ python test2.py
File "test2.py", line 19, in <module>
func()
File "/tmp/test.py", line 4, in func
with open('test', 'w') as f:
File "test2.py", line 12, in myopen
traceback.print_stack()
答案 1 :(得分:4)
您可以在gdb下运行python,在open()
系统调用(或者更确切地说,调用它的libc中的存根函数)上设置(条件)断点,并且,当命中断点时,发送向python进程发出SIGINT
信号并让它继续运行,因此python脚本的执行应该被所需的堆栈跟踪中断。
下面的shell脚本会自动执行该过程。
用法:
stack_trace_on_open
filename
-- python
script.py
[
script args
]
<强> stack_trace_on_open 强>:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
myname="$(basename "$0")"
if [[ $# -lt 4 || "$2" != '--' ]]
then
echo >&2 "Usage: $myname <filename> -- python <script.py> [script args ...]"
exit 1
fi
fname=$1
python_exe="$3"
shift 3
gdb -q "$python_exe" <<END
set breakpoint pending on
break open
condition 1 strcmp(\$rdi,"$fname") == 0
run "$@"
signal 2
cont
quit
END
演示:
$ cat test.py
import ctypes
clib = ctypes.CDLL(None)
fd = clib.open("/dev/urandom", 0)
clib.close(fd)
$ ./stack_trace_on_open /dev/urandom -- python test.py
Reading symbols from python...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
(gdb) (gdb) Function "open" not defined.
Breakpoint 1 (open) pending.
(gdb) (gdb) Starting program: /usr/bin/python "test.py"
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Breakpoint 1, open64 () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:84
84 ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S: No such file or directory.
(gdb) Continuing with signal SIGINT.
Breakpoint 1, open64 () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:84
84 in ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S
(gdb) Continuing.
Traceback (most recent call last): # <--------
File "test.py", line 4, in <module> # <--------
fd = clib.open("/dev/urandom", 0) # <--------
KeyboardInterrupt
[Inferior 1 (process 14248) exited with code 01]
(gdb)