我正在尝试使用Tkinter 2d图形用户界面生成星型算法。我修改了以下代码,最初在这里找到了它:
from tkinter import *
class CellGrid(Canvas):
def __init__(self,master, rowNumber, columnNumber, cellSize, theMap):
Canvas.__init__(self, master, width = cellSize * columnNumber , height = cellSize * rowNumber)
self.cellSize = cellSize
self.grid = []
for row in range(rowNumber):
line = []
for column in range(columnNumber):
line.append(Cell(self, column, row, cellSize, theMap[row][column]))
self.grid.append(line)
print (self.grid[0][0].value)
self.draw()
def draw(self):
for row in self.grid:
for cell in row:
cell.draw()
class Cell():
colors = {
0: 'white', # untried
1: 'black', # obstacle
2: 'green', # start
3: 'red', # finish
4: 'blue', # open
5: 'gray', # closed
6: 'orange', # path
}
def __init__(self, master, x, y, size, value):
self.master = master
self.abs = x
self.ord = y
self.size= size
self.fill = "white"
self.value = value
def setValue(self, value):
self.value = value
def draw(self):
if self.master != None :
if self.value == 0:
self.fill = self.white
elif self.value == 1:
self.fill = self.black
elif self.value == 2:
self.fill = self.green
elif self.value == 3:
self.fill = self.red
elif self.value == 4:
self.fill = self.blue
elif self.value == 5:
self.fill = self.gray
elif self.value == 6:
self.fill = self.orange
xmin = self.abs * self.size
xmax = xmin + self.size
ymin = self.ord * self.size
ymax = ymin + self.size
self.master.create_rectangle(xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, fill = self.fill, outline = "black")
def main():
Map = [
[2, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 3, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
]
root = Tk()
c = tk.Canvas(root, height=1000, width=1000, bg='white')
my_gui = CellGrid(root, len(Map), len(Map[0]), 40, Map)
root.mainloop()
但是当我去运行它时,没有任何东西显示出来。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
许多小而不小的误解阻碍了 星型算法 的显示。
问题1 - 调用main()
功能不完整。
正如@avysk建议作为评论,第一个阻塞点是由于 在Python中缺少
main()
序言。
只需在def main()
功能后添加以下代码:
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
问题2 - 错误显示主pack()
显示错误Canvas
。
由于未定义tk
符号,因此主Canvas应声明如下:
c = Canvas(root, height=1000, width=1000, bg='white')
而不是:
c = tk.Canvas(root, height=1000, width=1000, bg='white')
魔法失踪后的电话是pack()
:
c.pack() # magic call to display the (1000 x 1000) white canvas
问题3 - 缺少对辅助Canvas
显示的调用。
对于主Canvas
,它错过了pack()
的调用,可以使用两种可能性来显示辅助Canvas
。
my_gui.pack()
以使主Canvas
符合辅助Canvas
的尺寸,my_gui.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor=CENTER)
以将辅助Canvas
置于主Canvas
的中心位置。显示辅助Canvas
:
my_gui = CellGrid(c, len(Map), len(Map[0]), 40, Map)
my_gui.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor=CENTER)
问题4 - 对Cell::draw()
函数中词典使用的误解。
显示的错误为“
AttributeError: 'Cell' object has no attribute 'green'
”。
第一个单元格self.grid[0][0].value = 2
的值,在绘制单元格时,以下self.fill = self.green
会生成错误。
可以使用三种可能性来解决该错误:
self.fill = self.<color>
(7个案例)改为self.fill = '<color>'
,colors
并通过唯一的调用替换7个案例。字典的使用可以是(sol 2):
if 0 <= self.value <= 6: # check if value in range of colors
self.fill = Cell.colors[self.value]
而不是长if-elif(sol 1):
if self.value == 0:
self.fill = 'white' # Error: self.white
elif self.value == 1:
self.fill = 'black' # Error: self.black
elif self.value == 2:
self.fill = 'green' # Error: self.green
elif self.value == 3:
self.fill = 'red' # Error: self.red
elif self.value == 4:
self.fill = 'blue' # Error: self.blue
elif self.value == 5:
self.fill = 'gray' # Error: self.gray
elif self.value == 6:
self.fill = 'orange' # Error: self.orange