为什么有些跨域JSON请求会失败,但有些则不然?

时间:2010-11-18 21:42:39

标签: javascript jquery json same-origin-policy

我在理解围绕JSON的安全性方面遇到了一些麻烦,因为理论上通常不应该起作用的东西,似乎就是这样。 AFAIK,来自驻留在域A上的页面上的脚本的调用,不应该能够从域B接收数据。但是在下面的代码中,对一个外部域的调用失败,而另一个外部域的调用失败。并且都没有打包JSON调用(jsonp)。

这是为什么?不应该两个都不允许通过浏览器安全检查?我在Chrome和Firefox中获得了相同的结果。如果我在dropbox.com上托管以下html页面,则Chrome会向我显示以下错误消息:

  

XMLHttpRequest无法加载   http://www.odinfond.no/rest/fund/calc/fundReturn?&id=300&oneTimeInvestment=100000&oneTimeInvestmentDate=2009-11-01&endDate=2010-11-01&currency=NOK。   原点http://dl.dropbox.com不是   允许的   访问控制允许来源。

如果通过点击this direct link可以看到通话,我会得到的JSON响应。对其他服务的调用成功返回。我在dropbox上托管以下代码。 Try it out here.

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />

  <title>JSON/JSONP test</title>
  <script src="jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 </head>

 <body>
  <script>
   service = 'http://www.odinfond.no/rest/fund/calc/fundReturn?'; 
   parameters = { 
     id: '300',
     oneTimeInvestment:'100000',
     oneTimeInvestmentDate:'2009-11-01',
     endDate:'2010-11-01',
     currency:'NOK'
    }
   $.getJSON( service, parameters, function(data) {
    alert("Success"); 
   });

   service = 'http://ws.geonames.org/postalCodeLookupJSON?'
   parameters = {
    postalcode:1540,
    country:'NO'
   }
   $.getJSON(service, parameters, function(data) {
    alert(data.postalcodes[0].adminName2);
   });
  </script>
  <p>Use Firebug to see JSON response</p>
 </body>
</html>

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

您会注意到工作请求有一个响应标题:

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *

这就是释放浏览器以使响应可用于脚本的原因。 (请注意,请求始终,同一原始策略仅影响脚本是否可以访问响应)

如果'*'是主机名,则仅当当前文档的主机名与Access-Control-Allow-Origin标题匹配时才允许访问

答案 1 :(得分:0)

浏览source code,$ .ajax()似乎检测到远程URL并替换了AJAX(XMLHttpRequest) )有好的旧脚本标签:

    // Build temporary JSONP function
    if ( s.dataType === "json" && (s.data && jsre.test(s.data) || jsre.test(s.url)) ) {
        jsonp = s.jsonpCallback || ("jsonp" + jsc++);

        // Replace the =? sequence both in the query string and the data
        if ( s.data ) {
            s.data = (s.data + "").replace(jsre, "=" + jsonp + "$1");
        }

        s.url = s.url.replace(jsre, "=" + jsonp + "$1");

        // We need to make sure
        // that a JSONP style response is executed properly
        s.dataType = "script";

        // Handle JSONP-style loading
        var customJsonp = window[ jsonp ];

        window[ jsonp ] = function( tmp ) {
            if ( jQuery.isFunction( customJsonp ) ) {
                customJsonp( tmp );

            } else {
                // Garbage collect
                window[ jsonp ] = undefined;

                try {
                    delete window[ jsonp ];
                } catch( jsonpError ) {}
            }

            data = tmp;
            jQuery.handleSuccess( s, xhr, status, data );
            jQuery.handleComplete( s, xhr, status, data );

            if ( head ) {
                head.removeChild( script );
            }
        };
    }

[...]

    // Matches an absolute URL, and saves the domain
    var parts = rurl.exec( s.url ),
        remote = parts && (parts[1] && parts[1].toLowerCase() !== location.protocol || parts[2].toLowerCase() !== location.host);

    // If we're requesting a remote document
    // and trying to load JSON or Script with a GET
    if ( s.dataType === "script" && type === "GET" && remote ) {
        var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0] || document.documentElement;
        var script = document.createElement("script");
        if ( s.scriptCharset ) {
            script.charset = s.scriptCharset;
        }
        script.src = s.url;

        // Handle Script loading
        if ( !jsonp ) {
            var done = false;

            // Attach handlers for all browsers
            script.onload = script.onreadystatechange = function() {
                if ( !done && (!this.readyState ||
                        this.readyState === "loaded" || this.readyState === "complete") ) {
                    done = true;
                    jQuery.handleSuccess( s, xhr, status, data );
                    jQuery.handleComplete( s, xhr, status, data );

                    // Handle memory leak in IE
                    script.onload = script.onreadystatechange = null;
                    if ( head && script.parentNode ) {
                        head.removeChild( script );
                    }
                }
            };
        }

        // Use insertBefore instead of appendChild  to circumvent an IE6 bug.
        // This arises when a base node is used (#2709 and #4378).
        head.insertBefore( script, head.firstChild );

        // We handle everything using the script element injection
        return undefined;
    }