以编程方式为Apache Spark中的数据框生成模式和数据

时间:2017-01-19 15:15:46

标签: apache-spark dataframe spark-dataframe rdd spark-csv

我想动态生成包含报表标题记录的数据框,因此请根据以下字符串的值创建数据框:

scope.itemFilter = {members: ['john','nick']

但是现在我想对数据做同样的事情(实际上是相同的数据,即元数据)。

我创建了一个RDD:

val headerDescs : String = "Name,Age,Location"

val headerSchema = StructType(headerDescs.split(",").map(fieldName => StructField(fieldName, StringType, true)))

然后我打算使用createDataFrame来创建它:

val headerRDD = sc.parallelize(headerDescs.split(","))

然而失败是因为val headerDf = sqlContext.createDataFrame(headerRDD, headerSchema) 期待createDataframe,但是我的RDD是一个字符串数组 - 我找不到将RDD转换为行RDD然后映射的方法动态的字段。我已经看过的示例假设您事先知道了列数,但我希望能够最终能够在不更改代码的情况下更改列 - 例如,在文件中包含列。

基于第一个答案的代码摘录:

RDD[Row]

执行此结果:

val headerDescs : String = "Name,Age,Location"

// create the schema from a string, splitting by delimiter
val headerSchema = StructType(headerDescs.split(",").map(fieldName => StructField(fieldName, StringType, true)))

// create a row from a string, splitting by delimiter
val headerRDDRows = sc.parallelize(headerDescs.split(",")).map( a => Row(a))

val headerDf = sqlContext.createDataFrame(headerRDDRows, headerSchema)
headerDf.show()

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

要将RDD[Array[String]]转换为RDD[Row],您需要执行以下步骤:

import org.apache.spark.sql.Row

val headerRDD = sc.parallelize(Seq(headerDescs.split(","))).map(x=>Row(x(0),x(1),x(2)))

scala> val headerSchema = StructType(headerDescs.split(",").map(fieldName => StructField(fieldName, StringType, true)))
headerSchema: org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType = StructType(StructField(Name,StringType,true), StructField(Age,StringType,true), StructField(Location,StringType,true))

scala> val headerRDD = sc.parallelize(Seq(headerDescs.split(","))).map(x=>Row(x(0),x(1),x(2)))
headerRDD: org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD[org.apache.spark.sql.Row] = MapPartitionsRDD[6] at map at <console>:34

scala> val headerDf = sqlContext.createDataFrame(headerRDD, headerSchema)
headerDf: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [Name: string, Age: string, Location: string]


scala> headerDf.printSchema
root
 |-- Name: string (nullable = true)
 |-- Age: string (nullable = true)
 |-- Location: string (nullable = true)



scala> headerDf.show
+----+---+--------+
|Name|Age|Location|
+----+---+--------+
|Name|Age|Location|
+----+---+--------+

这会给你一个RDD[Row]

  

阅读文件

val vRDD = sc.textFile("..**filepath**.").map(_.split(",")).map(a => Row.fromSeq(a))

val headerDf = sqlContext.createDataFrame(vRDD , headerSchema)
  

使用Spark-CSV包:

 val df = sqlContext.read
    .format("com.databricks.spark.csv")
    .option("header", "true") // Use first line of all files as header
    .schema(headerSchema) // defining based on the custom schema
    .load("cars.csv")

val df = sqlContext.read
    .format("com.databricks.spark.csv")
    .option("header", "true") // Use first line of all files as header
    .option("inferSchema", "true") // Automatically infer data types
    .load("cars.csv")

您可以在documentation中找到各种选项。