我今天正在处理一个HackerRank问题并且最初使用索引编写它,并且对于大多数测试用例来说它非常慢,因为它们非常庞大。然后我决定将其切换为head:tail
模式匹配,它只是缩放。差别绝对是白天和黑夜,但我无法弄清楚这是如何改变效率的。如果它完全有用的话,这是参考的代码
使用索引进行最有效的尝试
count :: Eq a => Integral b => a -> [a] -> b
count e [] = 0
count e (a:xs) = (count e xs +) $ if a == e then 1 else 0
fullCheck :: String -> Bool
fullCheck a = prefixCheck 0 (0,0,0,0) a (length a) && (count 'R' a == count 'G' a) && (count 'Y' a == count 'B' a)
prefixCheck :: Int -> (Int, Int, Int, Int) -> String -> Int -> Bool
prefixCheck n (r',g',y',b') s l
| n == l = True
| otherwise =
((<= 1) $ abs $ r - g) && ((<= 1) $ abs $ y - b)
&& prefixCheck (n+1) (r,g,y,b) s l
where c = s !! n
r = if c == 'R' then r' + 1 else r'
g = if c == 'G' then g' + 1 else g'
y = if c == 'Y' then y' + 1 else y'
b = if c == 'B' then b' + 1 else b'
run :: Int -> IO ()
run 0 = putStr ""
run n = do
a <- getLine
print $ fullCheck a
run $ n - 1
main :: IO ()
main = do
b <- getLine
run $ read b
head:tail
模式匹配尝试
count :: Eq a => Integral b => a -> [a] -> b
count e [] = 0
count e (a:xs) = (count e xs +) $ if a == e then 1 else 0
fullCheck :: String -> Bool
fullCheck a = prefixCheck (0,0,0,0) a && (count 'R' a == count 'G' a) && (count 'Y' a == count 'B' a)
prefixCheck :: (Int, Int, Int, Int) -> String -> Bool
prefixCheck (r,g,y,b) [] = r == g && y == b
prefixCheck (r',g',y',b') (h:s) = ((<= 1) $ abs $ r - g) && ((<= 1) $ abs $ y - b)
&& prefixCheck (r,g,y,b) s
where r = if h == 'R' then r' + 1 else r'
g = if h == 'G' then g' + 1 else g'
y = if h == 'Y' then y' + 1 else y'
b = if h == 'B' then b' + 1 else b'
run :: Int -> IO ()
run 0 = putStr ""
run n = do
a <- getLine
print $ fullCheck a
run $ n - 1
main :: IO ()
main = do
b <- getLine
run $ read b
作为参考,问题是
您将获得一系列
N
球,有4种颜色:红色,绿色,黄色和蓝色。当且仅当满足以下所有条件时,序列才会充满颜色:
- 红球和绿球一样多。
- 黄球和蓝球一样多。
- 序列的每个前缀中的红球和绿球数量之差最多为1。
- 序列的每个前缀中的黄色球和蓝色球的数量之差最多为1个。
其中字符串的前缀是从开始到
m
的任何子字符串,其中m
小于字符串的大小
答案 0 :(得分:6)
您已经在评论中得到了答案,为什么列表索引会线性执行。但是,如果您对the Hackerrank problem your referring to的更多Haskell样式解决方案感兴趣,甚至不需要头尾模式匹配。使用正确的折叠可以实现更高效的解决方案:
import Control.Applicative ((<$>))
import Control.Monad (replicateM_)
solve :: String -> Bool
solve s = foldr go (\r g y b -> r == g && y == b) s 0 0 0 0
where
go x run r g y b
| 1 < abs (r - g) || 1 < abs (y - b) = False
| x == 'R' = run (r + 1) g y b
| x == 'G' = run r (g + 1) y b
| x == 'Y' = run r g (y + 1) b
| x == 'B' = run r g y (b + 1)
main :: IO ()
main = do
n <- read <$> getLine
replicateM_ n $ getLine >>= print . solve