Question

我试图嘲笑一个公共课，但是当这样做时，Mockito会抛出Mockito cannot mock this class例外。

上课我想模仿：https://github.com/scribejava/scribejava/blob/master/scribejava-core/src/main/java/com/github/scribejava/core/builder/ServiceBuilder.java

测试代码：

package xyz.jacobclark.adapter;

import com.github.scribejava.apis.TwitterApi;
import com.github.scribejava.core.builder.ServiceBuilder;
import com.github.scribejava.core.model.OAuth1RequestToken;
import com.github.scribejava.core.oauth.OAuth10aService;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;

import java.io.IOException;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.hamcrest.core.IsInstanceOf.any;

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class TwitterOAuthAdapterTest {
    @Mock
    ServiceBuilder serviceBuilder;

    @Test
    public void getRequestTokenShouldReturnAValidRequestToken() throws IOException {
        class TwitterOAuthAdapter {
            private final OAuth10aService service;

            public TwitterOAuthAdapter(ServiceBuilder serviceBuilder){
                this.service = serviceBuilder
                    .apiKey("")
                    .apiSecret("")
                    .build(TwitterApi.instance());
            }

            public OAuth1RequestToken getRequestToken() throws IOException {
                return this.service.getRequestToken();
            }
        }

        TwitterOAuthAdapter oAuthAdapter = new TwitterOAuthAdapter(serviceBuilder);
        Assert.assertThat(oAuthAdapter.getRequestToken(), is(any(OAuth1RequestToken.class)));
    }
}

完整的堆栈跟踪：

xyz.jacobclark.adapter.TwitterOAuthAdapterTest

org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: 
Mockito cannot mock this class: class com.github.scribejava.core.builder.ServiceBuilder.

Mockito can only mock non-private & non-final classes.
If you're not sure why you're getting this error, please report to the mailing list.


Java               : 1.8
JVM vendor name    : Oracle Corporation
JVM vendor version : 25.0-b70
JVM name           : Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM
JVM version        : 1.8.0-b132
JVM info           : mixed mode
OS name            : Mac OS X
OS version         : 10.11.3


Underlying exception : java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: object is not an instance of declaring class

    at org.mockito.internal.runners.SilentJUnitRunner$1.withBefores(SilentJUnitRunner.java:29)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:276)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.SilentJUnitRunner.run(SilentJUnitRunner.java:39)
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
    at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:103)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:117)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:262)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:84)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: object is not an instance of declaring class
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$AnnotationReader$ForTypeArgument.resolve(TypeDescription.java:3843)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$AnnotationReader$Delegator$Chained.resolve(TypeDescription.java:3468)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$AnnotationReader$ForTypeArgument.resolve(TypeDescription.java:3803)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$AnnotationReader$Delegator.asList(TypeDescription.java:3439)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$OfWildcardType$ForLoadedType.getDeclaredAnnotations(TypeDescription.java:4748)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$Visitor$TypeVariableErasing.onWildcard(TypeDescription.java:680)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$Visitor$TypeVariableErasing.onWildcard(TypeDescription.java:663)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$OfWildcardType.accept(TypeDescription.java:4656)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$Visitor$TypeVariableErasing.onParameterizedType(TypeDescription.java:691)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$Visitor$TypeVariableErasing.onParameterizedType(TypeDescription.java:663)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$OfParameterizedType.accept(TypeDescription.java:4998)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeList$Generic$AbstractBase.accept(TypeList.java:249)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$Visitor$TypeVariableErasing$RetainedTypeVariable.getUpperBounds(TypeDescription.java:832)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription$Generic$OfTypeVariable.asErasure(TypeDescription.java:5373)
    at net.bytebuddy.description.method.MethodDescription$AbstractBase.asTypeToken(MethodDescription.java:701)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default$Key$Harmonized.of(MethodGraph.java:881)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default$Key$Store.registerTopLevel(MethodGraph.java:1074)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default.doAnalyze(MethodGraph.java:588)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default.analyze(MethodGraph.java:548)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default.analyzeNullable(MethodGraph.java:567)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default.doAnalyze(MethodGraph.java:581)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$Default.compile(MethodGraph.java:521)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodGraph$Compiler$AbstractBase.compile(MethodGraph.java:442)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.MethodRegistry$Default.prepare(MethodRegistry.java:480)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.subclass.SubclassDynamicTypeBuilder.make(SubclassDynamicTypeBuilder.java:160)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.subclass.SubclassDynamicTypeBuilder.make(SubclassDynamicTypeBuilder.java:153)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.DynamicType$Builder$AbstractBase.make(DynamicType.java:2568)
    at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.DynamicType$Builder$AbstractBase$Delegator.make(DynamicType.java:2670)
    at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.SubclassBytecodeGenerator.mockClass(SubclassBytecodeGenerator.java:84)
    at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator$CachedBytecodeGenerator.getOrGenerateMockClass(TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.java:91)
    at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.mockClass(TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.java:38)
    at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.createMockType(SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.java:67)
    at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.createMock(SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.java:38)
    at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.ByteBuddyMockMaker.createMock(ByteBuddyMockMaker.java:26)
    at org.mockito.internal.util.MockUtil.createMock(MockUtil.java:35)
    at org.mockito.internal.MockitoCore.mock(MockitoCore.java:63)
    at org.mockito.Mockito.mock(Mockito.java:1637)
    at org.mockito.internal.configuration.MockAnnotationProcessor.process(MockAnnotationProcessor.java:33)
    at org.mockito.internal.configuration.MockAnnotationProcessor.process(MockAnnotationProcessor.java:16)
    at org.mockito.internal.configuration.DefaultAnnotationEngine.createMockFor(DefaultAnnotationEngine.java:39)
    at org.mockito.internal.configuration.DefaultAnnotationEngine.process(DefaultAnnotationEngine.java:63)
    at org.mockito.internal.configuration.InjectingAnnotationEngine.processIndependentAnnotations(InjectingAnnotationEngine.java:59)
    at org.mockito.internal.configuration.InjectingAnnotationEngine.process(InjectingAnnotationEngine.java:43)
    at org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(MockitoAnnotations.java:67)
    ... 23 more


Test ignored.
Process finished with exit code 255

Answer 1

有同样的问题。当我将Java JDK版本更新为1.8.0_131时，错误消失了。

Answer 2

这是因为Java / Mockito的兼容性。例如，如果您将Java 11与Mockito 2.17.0一起使用，它将抛出相同的错误（升级到Mockito 2.22.0或更高版本将解决此问题）。除了深入研究他们的release artifact on Github外，我还没有看到一份详尽的文件，其中阐明了兼容性矩阵。这是一个有用的兼容性列表（基于快速测试）

Mockito *-2.17.0 => Java 8

（脚注：*-不知道多远）

Mockito 2.18.0-3.2.4 => Java 11

Answer 3

我有同样的问题。我尝试了堆栈溢出中列出的所有内容，即

更新的JDK版本
更新的Maven
使ByteBuddy和Mockito使用兼容版本。
清除缓存
使用最新的Mockito版本等

这是https://github.com/mockito/mockito/issues/1606。

但是对我没有任何帮助。

我清除了所有缓存，然后重新安装了Android Studio 解决了这个问题。

可能只是清除Android Studio使用的所有缓存也可以解决。

Answer 4

当我检查Java-8项目的依赖关系树时，我发现spring-boot-starter-test正在使用Mockito 2.15.0。通过排除该传递性Mockito依赖项并使用2.23.4版本显式重新添加（如果未自动完成，则进行重新构建）进行修复。我的Maven POM片段：

<dependencies>
...
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.23.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

如果使用gradle，它将类似于：

dependencies {
    ...
    def withoutMockito = {
        exclude group: 'org.mockito', module: 'mockito-core'
    }
    testImplementation "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:2.0.2-RELEASE", withoutMockito
    testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-core:2.23.4"
 }

Answer 5

对我来说，问题在于这些类必须为open。

我正在使用：

@Mock lateinit var mock: ClassUnderTest

嘲笑的方法。

Answer 6

对我来说，添加这个依赖解决了这个问题

androidTestImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-android:${versions.mockito}"

Answer 7

确保在通过 Run As -> Run Configuration -> JRE 选项卡运行 junit 时正确选择了 jdk 版本。

Answer 8

使用OpenJ9 JVM更新到新的Java版本后，我遇到了同样的问题，现在我使用的是HotSpot JVM。我没有这个问题了

Answer 9

即使没有具体回答问题（问题是Java 8），我还是通过Google来到这里的。使用Java 11，我通过在build.gradle中包含以下依赖关系解决了这个问题：

compile group: 'org.mockito', name: 'mockito-core', version: '2.22.0'

如here

所述

Answer 10

文件->使缓存无效/重新启动

我的课是公开的，也没有最终的。这成功了。

Answer 11

更新JDK，将JDk 1.8更改为11时已修复此错误，我也添加了此

@Rule
 public MockitoRule rule = MockitoJUnit.rule();

关于'告诉Mockito基于@Mock注释创建模拟'

Answer 12

当我从JDK 13降级到1.8时，我遇到了同样的问题，错误消失了。我认为Mockito版本与版本13不兼容。

Answer 13

我有同样的问题。

我的jdk版本是11.0.4+10-LTS。

我使用org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-parent:2.0.7.RELEASE

我将Mockito升级到3.3.0

异常仍然发生。

然后我这样做了：

从spring-boot-starter-test中排除的模仿核心
在pom文件下面添加

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>net.bytebuddy</groupId>
                    <artifactId>byte-buddy</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>net.bytebuddy</groupId>
                    <artifactId>byte-buddy-agent</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.bytebuddy</groupId>
            <artifactId>byte-buddy</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.5</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.bytebuddy</groupId>
            <artifactId>byte-buddy-agent</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.5</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

Answer 14

我在 Android Studio 中遇到了同样的问题。

刚刚将 org.mockito:mockito-core 从 2.18.3 升级到 2.19.0（截至目前最新）解决了我的问题。

Answer 15

在 android studio 中我遇到了这个错误，我清理了项目并重新启动了 IDE 来修复它。

Mockito不能嘲笑这门课

15 个答案: