我正在尝试为我的Raspberry Pi 3学习本教程（http://docs.opencv.org/2.4/modules/contrib/doc/facerec/tutorial/facerec_video_recognition.html），但它适用于OpenCV 2.4，我已经安装了OpenCV 3.
我裁剪了我的图片，创建了CSV文件，但问题是当我想编译facerec_video.cpp并且我有无数错误。我试图逐个调试，但似乎它不断添加错误。我尝试使用此页面（http://docs.opencv.org/master/db/dfa/tutorial_transition_guide.html）翻译OpenCV 3的代码。
以下是我的错误：
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ g++ facerec_video.cpp -o facerec_video
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `read_csv(std::string const&, std::vector<cv::Mat, std::allocator<cv::Mat> >&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> >&, char)':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x18c): undefined reference to `cv::error(int, cv::String const&, char const*, char const*, int)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x2a4): undefined reference to `cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `main':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x610): undefined reference to `cv::face::createFisherFaceRecognizer(int, double)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x6b0): undefined reference to `cv::CascadeClassifier::CascadeClassifier()'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x6d8): undefined reference to `cv::CascadeClassifier::load(cv::String const&)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x6f4): undefined reference to `cv::VideoCapture::VideoCapture(int)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x700): undefined reference to `cv::VideoCapture::isOpened() const'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x7e0): undefined reference to `cv::cvtColor(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, int, int)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x860): undefined reference to `cv::CascadeClassifier::detectMultiScale(cv::_InputArray const&, std::vector<cv::Rect_<int>, std::allocator<cv::Rect_<int> > >&, double, int, int, cv::Size_<int>, cv::Size_<int>)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x8b8): undefined reference to `cv::VideoCapture::operator>>(cv::Mat&)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x96c): undefined reference to `cv::resize(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, cv::Size_<int>, double, double, int)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0x9b8): undefined reference to `cv::face::FaceRecognizer::predict(cv::_InputArray const&) const'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xa4c): undefined reference to `cv::rectangle(cv::Mat&, cv::Rect_<int>, cv::Scalar_<double> const&, int, int, int)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xa60): undefined reference to `cv::format(char const*, ...)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xbcc): undefined reference to `cv::putText(cv::_InputOutputArray const&, cv::String const&, cv::Point_<int>, int, double, cv::Scalar_<double>, int, int, bool)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xc78): undefined reference to `cv::imshow(cv::String const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xc98): undefined reference to `cv::waitKey(int)'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xd68): undefined reference to `cv::VideoCapture::~VideoCapture()'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xd74): undefined reference to `cv::CascadeClassifier::~CascadeClassifier()'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xfcc): undefined reference to `cv::VideoCapture::~VideoCapture()'
facerec_video.cpp:(.text+0xfdc): undefined reference to `cv::CascadeClassifier::~CascadeClassifier()'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::String::String(char const*)':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv6StringC2EPKc[_ZN2cv6StringC5EPKc]+0x50): undefined reference to `cv::String::allocate(unsigned int)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::String::~String()':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv6StringD2Ev[_ZN2cv6StringD5Ev]+0x14): undefined reference to `cv::String::deallocate()'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::Mat::Mat(cv::Mat const&)':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MatC2ERKS0_[_ZN2cv3MatC5ERKS0_]+0x1b0): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copySize(cv::Mat const&)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::Mat::~Mat()':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MatD2Ev[_ZN2cv3MatD5Ev]+0x3c): undefined reference to `cv::fastFree(void*)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::Mat::operator=(cv::Mat const&)':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MataSERKS0_[_ZN2cv3MataSERKS0_]+0x140): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copySize(cv::Mat const&)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::Mat::clone() const':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZNK2cv3Mat5cloneEv[_ZNK2cv3Mat5cloneEv]+0x38): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copyTo(cv::_OutputArray const&) const'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::Mat::release()':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3Mat7releaseEv[_ZN2cv3Mat7releaseEv]+0x68): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::deallocate()'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::Mat::operator()(cv::Rect_<int> const&) const':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZNK2cv3MatclERKNS_5Rect_IiEE[_ZNK2cv3MatclERKNS_5Rect_IiEE]+0x24): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::Mat(cv::Mat const&, cv::Rect_<int> const&)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o: In function `cv::String::String(std::string const&)':
facerec_video.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv6StringC2ERKSs[_ZN2cv6StringC5ERKSs]+0x60): undefined reference to `cv::String::allocate(unsigned int)'
/tmp/ccZNikTK.o:(.ARM.extab+0x1bc): undefined reference to `typeinfo for cv::Exception'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
以下是代码：
/*
* Copyright (c) 2011. Philipp Wagner <bytefish[at]gmx[dot]de>.
* Released to public domain under terms of the BSD Simplified license.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of the organization nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* See <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license>
*/
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/contrib/contrib.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
static void read_csv(const string& filename, vector<Mat>& images, vector<int>& labels, char separator = ';') {
std::ifstream file(filename.c_str(), ifstream::in);
if (!file) {
string error_message = "No valid input file was given, please check the given filename.";
CV_Error(CV_StsBadArg, error_message);
}
string line, path, classlabel;
while (getline(file, line)) {
stringstream liness(line);
getline(liness, path, separator);
getline(liness, classlabel);
if(!path.empty() && !classlabel.empty()) {
images.push_back(imread(path, 0));
labels.push_back(atoi(classlabel.c_str()));
}
}
}
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
// Check for valid command line arguments, print usage
// if no arguments were given.
if (argc != 4) {
cout << "usage: " << argv[0] << " </path/to/haar_cascade> </path/to/csv.ext> </path/to/device id>" << endl;
cout << "\t </path/to/haar_cascade> -- Path to the Haar Cascade for face detection." << endl;
cout << "\t </path/to/csv.ext> -- Path to the CSV file with the face database." << endl;
cout << "\t <device id> -- The webcam device id to grab frames from." << endl;
exit(1);
}
// Get the path to your CSV:
string fn_haar = string(argv[1]);
string fn_csv = string(argv[2]);
int deviceId = atoi(argv[3]);
// These vectors hold the images and corresponding labels:
vector<Mat> images;
vector<int> labels;
// Read in the data (fails if no valid input filename is given, but you'll get an error message):
try {
read_csv(fn_csv, images, labels);
} catch (cv::Exception& e) {
cerr << "Error opening file \"" << fn_csv << "\". Reason: " << e.msg << endl;
// nothing more we can do
exit(1);
}
// Get the height from the first image. We'll need this
// later in code to reshape the images to their original
// size AND we need to reshape incoming faces to this size:
int im_width = images[0].cols;
int im_height = images[0].rows;
// Create a FaceRecognizer and train it on the given images:
Ptr<FaceRecognizer> model = createFisherFaceRecognizer();
model->train(images, labels);
// That's it for learning the Face Recognition model. You now
// need to create the classifier for the task of Face Detection.
// We are going to use the haar cascade you have specified in the
// command line arguments:
//
CascadeClassifier haar_cascade;
haar_cascade.load(fn_haar);
// Get a handle to the Video device:
VideoCapture cap(deviceId);
// Check if we can use this device at all:
if(!cap.isOpened()) {
cerr << "Capture Device ID " << deviceId << "cannot be opened." << endl;
return -1;
}
// Holds the current frame from the Video device:
Mat frame;
for(;;) {
cap >> frame;
// Clone the current frame:
Mat original = frame.clone();
// Convert the current frame to grayscale:
Mat gray;
cvtColor(original, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
// Find the faces in the frame:
vector< Rect_<int> > faces;
haar_cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, faces);
// At this point you have the position of the faces in
// faces. Now we'll get the faces, make a prediction and
// annotate it in the video. Cool or what?
for(int i = 0; i < faces.size(); i++) {
// Process face by face:
Rect face_i = faces[i];
// Crop the face from the image. So simple with OpenCV C++:
Mat face = gray(face_i);
// Resizing the face is necessary for Eigenfaces and Fisherfaces. You can easily
// verify this, by reading through the face recognition tutorial coming with OpenCV.
// Resizing IS NOT NEEDED for Local Binary Patterns Histograms, so preparing the
// input data really depends on the algorithm used.
//
// I strongly encourage you to play around with the algorithms. See which work best
// in your scenario, LBPH should always be a contender for robust face recognition.
//
// Since I am showing the Fisherfaces algorithm here, I also show how to resize the
// face you have just found:
Mat face_resized;
cv::resize(face, face_resized, Size(im_width, im_height), 1.0, 1.0, INTER_CUBIC);
// Now perform the prediction, see how easy that is:
int prediction = model->predict(face_resized);
// And finally write all we've found out to the original image!
// First of all draw a green rectangle around the detected face:
rectangle(original, face_i, CV_RGB(0, 255,0), 1);
// Create the text we will annotate the box with:
string box_text = format("Prediction = %d", prediction);
// Calculate the position for annotated text (make sure we don't
// put illegal values in there):
int pos_x = std::max(face_i.tl().x - 10, 0);
int pos_y = std::max(face_i.tl().y - 10, 0);
// And now put it into the image:
putText(original, box_text, Point(pos_x, pos_y), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1.0, CV_RGB(0,255,0), 2.0);
}
// Show the result:
imshow("face_recognizer", original);
// And display it:
char key = (char) waitKey(20);
// Exit this loop on escape:
if(key == 27)
break;
}
return 0;
}
如果有人能告诉我我需要做些什么才能翻译OpenCV 3的代码会很棒！
谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：0)
I resolve my problem by compiling with a CMakeLists.txt