我在一个很长的项目上工作，我从校园网络系统中保存的文件中读取，当读取文件时，如果我删除列表底部的空白区域，但是当我将它们保留在（就像教授想要的那样）我得到一个错误，“带有基数10的int（）的无效字面值：'日期'” 香港专业教育学院尝试了几个不同的选项来忽略白色空间但没有一个工作 我尝试过的清单
with open("C:\\Users\\Brayd\OneDrive\\Documents\\2015HomicideLog_FINAL.txt") as f_in:
lines = (line.rstrip() for line in f_in)
lines = list(line for line in lines if line)
for line in file: if not line.strip(): print("it is empty line")
with open("fname.txt") as file:
for line in file:
if not line.strip():
file.close()
with open file as f_in: lines = list(line for line in (l.strip() for l in f_in) if line)
什么都没有用，这是我在删除文件中的空格时所使用的，它完美地运行
file = open("C:\\Users\\Brayd\OneDrive\\Documents\\2015HomicideLog_FINAL.txt" , "r")
lines=file.readlines()[1:]
file.close()
我一直在努力让它在空白区域工作12个小时，现在没有运气......任何想法的人？
这是文本文件的样子 -
Date Event # TIME Victim Name V R/G V Age
150101 0685 2:03 Anderson, Kedral BM 26
150103 0816 5:57 Shines, Kathryn WF 54
150106 4417 22:06 Norton, Noella HF 46
150107 4655 23:27 Speidel, Steven WM 41
150110 1100 8:35 Orozco, Jose HM 53
*blank spaces here*
*blank spaces here*
*BSH^*
有关我的程序的更好示例，这里是完整的代码
def dayofmurder(date): #function to find day of the murder
date = date%10000 #takes 10000 out leaving 2 digits for year
month = date//100 #takes 100 out leaving 1-2 digits for month
date= date %100 # mod 100 to figure out date
day=date #day=date
monthlist = [0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334] #possible months through date ranges
daysofweek = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday", #list of days of the week
"Thursday","Friday","Saturday"]
startonday = 4 #start on 4th day (thursday) per txt file
startonday = monthlist[month-1]+(day-1)+startonday # start on day w/ days
startonday %= 7 #mod 7 to find day of week
return daysofweek[startonday] #return the day of the week homicide was on
daysoftheweek = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday",
"Thursday","Friday","Saturday"] #list of days of the week for printing in order
file = open("C:\\Users\\Brayd\OneDrive\\Documents\\2015HomicideLog_FINAL.txt" , "r")
lines=file.readlines()[1:]
file.close()
print("Days Homicides Happened on:")
dayOfmurders = {"Sunday": 0 ,"Monday": 0,"Tuesday": 0,"Wednesday": 0,
"Thursday":0, "Friday": 0,"Saturday": 0} #list of days and start vaule of 0
#murders
for line in lines: #reads all lines
value=line.split() #splits each value in line
listdays=(dayofmurder(int(value[0]))) #for every value in the row
dayOfmurders[listdays] = dayOfmurders[listdays] + 1 #every time there is an
#occurance, add 1 to total value in dayOfmurders
for v in daysoftheweek: #in order of value (S-M-T-W-TH-F-S (from daysoftheweek
print(dayOfmurders[v],"homicides happen on a", v) #prints [v](value) of
#daysOfmurders with string " " and prints v (value) in daysoftheweek)
print("----------------------------------",'\n', "Number of Homicides\
in hour block:")
time = {"0:" : 0, "1:" : 0, "2:" : 0, "3:" : 0, "4:" : 0, "5:" : 0, "6:" : 0,
##list of possible time's
"7:" : 0,"8:" : 0, "9:" : 0, "10" : 0, "11" : 0,"12" : 0, "13" : 0,
# " " is the hour possible
"14" : 0, "15" : 0,"16" : 0, "17" : 0, "18" : 0, "19" : 0,"20" : 0,
# 0 value is the number of occurances
"21" : 0, "22" : 0, "23" : 0}
for line in lines: #reads each line of the file
value=line.split() #splits up each value in the line
listdays=(value[2][0:2]) #moves the index of the line and grabs only
#first 2 variables
time[listdays] = time[listdays] + 1
for k,v in time.items(): #uses key and value in time dict
print(v,"Homicides happened in",k,"hour block") #
print("----------------------------------",'\n', "Races and Occurances of Hom\
idices")
races = {"HF": 0 ,"HM": 0,"WF": 0,"WM": 0,"AF":0, "BM": 0,"BF": 0, "AM": 0}
#list of races and start value of 0
for line in lines: #function to find all races in Homicide File
value=line.split()
listdays=(value[5])
if listdays == "Chunng": #if statement for the people who have more than2
#names
listdays = (value[6]) #if they do have more than 2 names, move to the
#next index slot and to register race
elif listdays == "Terrance": #same as above
listdays = (value[6]) #same as above
elif listdays == "Lasunda": #same as above
listdays = (value[6]) #same as above
else:
listdays = (value[5]) #same as above
races[listdays] = races[listdays] + 1 #for every occurance add's 1 to the
#value
for k,v in races.items(): #uses key and value in dictionary races
print(k,"=",v) #prints key and value in race dictionary
ages = { "0" : 0, "1" : 0, "2" : 0, "3" : 0, #list of all possible ages and
# their
"4" : 0, "5" : 0, "6" : 0,"7" : 0, #occurances
"8" : 0,"9" : 0}
for line in lines: #function to find all ages in Homicide File
value = line.split()
listdays = (value[6][0])
if listdays == "A": #for people w/ 3 names, if index 6 = a/b/t(see race's)
listdays = (value[7][0]) # skip to next index and use index 7
elif listdays == "B":
listdays = (value[7][0])
elif listdays == "T":
listdays = (value[7][0])
else:
listdays = (value[6][0])
ages[listdays] = ages[listdays]+ 1 #adds all occurances
for k,v in ages.items(): #uses key and value in dictionary ages
print(k, "=", v) #prints key and value in age dictionary
print("----------------------------------",'\n', "Here are the Graphs from\
data found above")
import pylab #importing pylab for graphs
bar_width = .75
x_values = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] #range 1-7
y_values = [13,25,17,26,20,14,19] # data from murder occurances, see above
tlabel = ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"]
pylab.title("Homicide Occurenece by Day of Week Per Homicides File")
pylab.bar(x_values, y_values, width=bar_width, tick_label = tlabel, align =
'center' , color = 'b')
pylab.show()
pylab.axes(aspect = 1) #used pylab example from sheet
values = [39, 11, 31, 6, 1, 2, 29, 15] #data from race/gender see above
pie_labels = ["BM", "BF", "HM", "HF", "AM", "AF", "WM", "WF"]
color_list = ['purple', 'green', 'blue', 'cyan', 'yellow', 'maroon', 'red',
'white']
pylab.pie(values,autopct = '%1.f%%', labels = pie_labels, colors=color_list)
pylab.title("Pie Chart Showing Racial and Gender Breakdown in Homicides File")
pylab.show()
bar_width = .5 #used pylab examples from sheet (sets bar width)
x_values = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] #range 0-9 (0-9,10-19,20-29... ect)
y_values = [4,7,27,41,4,15,7,6,2,5] # number of occurances per age
tlabel = ["0-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50", "51-60",
"61-70", "71-80", "81-90", "90+"]
pylab.title("Homicides per Age Categories in Homocide File")
pylab.bar(x_values, y_values, width=bar_width, tick_label = tlabel, align =
'center' , color = 'b')
pylab.show()
bar_width = .3 #pylab example from sheet(sets bar width)
x_values = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]
#^number of hours possible for murders
y_values = [3,3,7,1,4,6,4,4,4,5,5,3,8,4,6,2,5,13,10,6,7,5,13,6] #occurances
#of deaths per hour
tlabel = ["0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12",
"13", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18", "19", "20", "21", "22", "23"]
pylab.title("Homicides Per Hour of the Clock in Homicide File")
pylab.bar(x_values, y_values, width=bar_width, tick_label = tlabel, align =
'center' , color = 'b')
pylab.show()
答案 0 :(得分：0)
要跳过行末端的空行和空格
lines = []
with open("fname.txt") as f:
for line in f:
line = line.strip()
if line:
lines.append(line)
# do something with lines
print(lines[1:])
print("Days Homicides Happened on:")
或更短
with open("fname.txt") as f:
lines = [line.strip() for line in f if line.strip()]
# do something with lines
print(lines[1:])
print("Days Homicides Happened on:")
或正常阅读并检查代码中的每一行
file = open("C:\\Users\\Brayd\OneDrive\\Documents\\2015HomicideLog_FINAL.txt" , "r")
lines = file.readlines()[1:]
file.close()
print("Days Homicides Happened on:")
for line in lines:
# check if line is not empty
if line.strip():
# do something with not-empty line
for number in line.split():
print(int(number))
编辑：完整代码，对我有用
def dayofmurder(date): #function to find day of the murder
date = date%10000 #takes 10000 out leaving 2 digits for year
month = date//100 #takes 100 out leaving 1-2 digits for month
date= date %100 # mod 100 to figure out date
day=date #day=date
monthlist = [0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334] #possible months through date ranges
daysofweek = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday", #list of days of the week
"Thursday","Friday","Saturday"]
startonday = 4 #start on 4th day (thursday) per txt file
startonday = monthlist[month-1]+(day-1)+startonday # start on day w/ days
startonday %= 7 #mod 7 to find day of week
return daysofweek[startonday] #return the day of the week homicide was on
daysoftheweek = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday",
"Thursday","Friday","Saturday"] #list of days of the week for printing in order
#-------------------------
# OPEN FUNCTION THAT WORKS WITH ORYGINAL FILE
with open("fname.txt") as f:
lines = [line.strip() for line in f if line.strip()]
# skip headers
lines = lines[1:]
#-------------------------
print("Days Homicides Happened on:")
dayOfmurders = {"Sunday": 0 ,"Monday": 0,"Tuesday": 0,"Wednesday": 0,
"Thursday":0, "Friday": 0,"Saturday": 0} #list of days and start vaule of 0
#murders
for line in lines: #reads all lines
value=line.split() #splits each value in line
listdays=(dayofmurder(int(value[0]))) #for every value in the row
dayOfmurders[listdays] = dayOfmurders[listdays] + 1 #every time there is an
#occurance, add 1 to total value in dayOfmurders
for v in daysoftheweek: #in order of value (S-M-T-W-TH-F-S (from daysoftheweek
print(dayOfmurders[v],"homicides happen on a", v) #prints [v](value) of
#daysOfmurders with string " " and prints v (value) in daysoftheweek)
print("----------------------------------",'\n', "Number of Homicides\
in hour block:")
time = {"0:" : 0, "1:" : 0, "2:" : 0, "3:" : 0, "4:" : 0, "5:" : 0, "6:" : 0,
##list of possible time's
"7:" : 0,"8:" : 0, "9:" : 0, "10" : 0, "11" : 0,"12" : 0, "13" : 0,
# " " is the hour possible
"14" : 0, "15" : 0,"16" : 0, "17" : 0, "18" : 0, "19" : 0,"20" : 0,
# 0 value is the number of occurances
"21" : 0, "22" : 0, "23" : 0}
for line in lines: #reads each line of the file
value=line.split() #splits up each value in the line
listdays=(value[2][0:2]) #moves the index of the line and grabs only
#first 2 variables
time[listdays] = time[listdays] + 1
for k,v in time.items(): #uses key and value in time dict
print(v,"Homicides happened in",k,"hour block") #
print("----------------------------------",'\n', "Races and Occurances of Hom\
idices")
races = {"HF": 0 ,"HM": 0,"WF": 0,"WM": 0,"AF":0, "BM": 0,"BF": 0, "AM": 0}
#list of races and start value of 0
for line in lines: #function to find all races in Homicide File
value=line.split()
listdays=(value[5])
if listdays == "Chunng": #if statement for the people who have more than2
#names
listdays = (value[6]) #if they do have more than 2 names, move to the
#next index slot and to register race
elif listdays == "Terrance": #same as above
listdays = (value[6]) #same as above
elif listdays == "Lasunda": #same as above
listdays = (value[6]) #same as above
else:
listdays = (value[5]) #same as above
races[listdays] = races[listdays] + 1 #for every occurance add's 1 to the
#value
for k,v in races.items(): #uses key and value in dictionary races
print(k,"=",v) #prints key and value in race dictionary
ages = { "0" : 0, "1" : 0, "2" : 0, "3" : 0, #list of all possible ages and
# their
"4" : 0, "5" : 0, "6" : 0,"7" : 0, #occurances
"8" : 0,"9" : 0}
for line in lines: #function to find all ages in Homicide File
value = line.split()
listdays = (value[6][0])
if listdays == "A": #for people w/ 3 names, if index 6 = a/b/t(see race's)
listdays = (value[7][0]) # skip to next index and use index 7
elif listdays == "B":
listdays = (value[7][0])
elif listdays == "T":
listdays = (value[7][0])
else:
listdays = (value[6][0])
ages[listdays] = ages[listdays]+ 1 #adds all occurances
for k,v in ages.items(): #uses key and value in dictionary ages
print(k, "=", v) #prints key and value in age dictionary
print("----------------------------------",'\n', "Here are the Graphs from\
data found above")
import pylab #importing pylab for graphs
bar_width = .75
x_values = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] #range 1-7
y_values = [13,25,17,26,20,14,19] # data from murder occurances, see above
tlabel = ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"]
pylab.title("Homicide Occurenece by Day of Week Per Homicides File")
pylab.bar(x_values, y_values, width=bar_width, tick_label = tlabel, align =
'center' , color = 'b')
pylab.show()
pylab.axes(aspect = 1) #used pylab example from sheet
values = [39, 11, 31, 6, 1, 2, 29, 15] #data from race/gender see above
pie_labels = ["BM", "BF", "HM", "HF", "AM", "AF", "WM", "WF"]
color_list = ['purple', 'green', 'blue', 'cyan', 'yellow', 'maroon', 'red',
'white']
pylab.pie(values,autopct = '%1.f%%', labels = pie_labels, colors=color_list)
pylab.title("Pie Chart Showing Racial and Gender Breakdown in Homicides File")
pylab.show()
bar_width = .5 #used pylab examples from sheet (sets bar width)
x_values = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] #range 0-9 (0-9,10-19,20-29... ect)
y_values = [4,7,27,41,4,15,7,6,2,5] # number of occurances per age
tlabel = ["0-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50", "51-60",
"61-70", "71-80", "81-90", "90+"]
pylab.title("Homicides per Age Categories in Homocide File")
pylab.bar(x_values, y_values, width=bar_width, tick_label = tlabel, align =
'center' , color = 'b')
pylab.show()
bar_width = .3 #pylab example from sheet(sets bar width)
x_values = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]
#^number of hours possible for murders
y_values = [3,3,7,1,4,6,4,4,4,5,5,3,8,4,6,2,5,13,10,6,7,5,13,6] #occurances
#of deaths per hour
tlabel = ["0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12",
"13", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18", "19", "20", "21", "22", "23"]
pylab.title("Homicides Per Hour of the Clock in Homicide File")
pylab.bar(x_values, y_values, width=bar_width, tick_label = tlabel, align =
'center' , color = 'b')
pylab.show()
答案 1 :(得分：0)
根据我从评论中收集到的内容，您可能会有几个选项，我会做的是：
with open("file.txt") as f:
data = f.readlines()
headersRaw = data[0].split()
headersFinal = [headersRaw[0], # Date
headersRaw[1]+" "+headersRaw[2], # Event #
headersRaw[3], # Time
headersRaw[4]+" "+headersRaw[5], # Victim name
headersRaw[6], # V
headersRaw[7], # R/G
headersRaw[8]+" "+headersRaw[9] # V Age
]
i = 1
computedData = []
while data[i].split()[O].isdigit():
rawData = data[i].split()
computedData.append([rawData[0], # Date
rawData[1], # Event #
rawData[2], # Time
rawData[3]+" "+rawData[4], # Victim name
rawData[5], # V
rawData[6], # R/G
rawData[7] # V Age
])
i += 1
所以我们只会检查下一行是否以数字开头
with open("file.txt") as f:
data = f.readlines()
headersRaw = data[0].split()
headersFinal = [headersRaw[0], # Date
headersRaw[1]+" "+headersRaw[2], # Event #
headersRaw[3], # Time
headersRaw[4]+" "+headersRaw[5], # Victim name
headersRaw[6], # V
headersRaw[7], # R/G
headersRaw[8]+" "+headersRaw[9] # V Age
]
i = 1
computedData = []
while len(data[i].split()[O]) == 6:
rawData = data[i].split()
computedData.append([rawData[0], # Date
rawData[1], # Event #
rawData[2], # Time
rawData[3]+" "+rawData[4], # Victim name
rawData[5], # V
rawData[6], # R/G
rawData[7] # V Age
])
i += 1
因此，我们将检查表中的下一个数据是否包含长度为6的日期值
您的数据可能有所不同，甚至错误也可能是6位数字或整数，因此请确保您在while循环中执行的检查适用于表格后面的数据。
它可能不是最好的解决方案，但是如果没有更多的信息，那么事后可能会发生什么，有点难以想出完美的检查。如果可以的话，我建议添加一些破折号或者你可以轻松检查txt文件的内容。