Question

所以我从c和c ++开始，我在结构，我已经为员工做了一个结构，定义了员工的数量，并做了两个功能：1填写员工信息，1到打印出来：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define NO 3
using namespace std;
  struct employee {
    char fName[15];
    char lName[15];
    unsigned int age;
    char gender;
    bool married;
    char Pp[5];
  };

    typedef struct employee Employee;
    void fillEmployeeDetails(Employee * const employeePtr);
    void printEmployeeDetails(const Employee * const employeePtr);

  int main(){
    Employee Employees[NO];
    fillEmployeeDetails(Employees);
    printEmployeeDetails(Employees);
    //printf("%s",&(Employees[0].Pp));
    return 0;
  }

    void fillEmployeeDetails(Employee * const employeePtr){
        char marriageStatus;
        int i;
      for(i = 0; i < NO + 1; ++i){
            marriageStatus = '\0';
        system("CLS");
        printf("No. of employees: %d\n\n", NO);
        printf("Employee No. %d:\n\n", i+1);
        printf("First name: ");
        scanf("%14s", employeePtr[i].fName);
        printf("Last name: ");
        scanf("%14s", employeePtr[i].lName);
        printf("Age: ");
        scanf("%u", &(employeePtr[i].age));
        while(employeePtr[i].age > 150 || employeePtr[i].age < 0){
            printf("Age: ");
            scanf("%u", &(employeePtr[i].age));
        }
        while(employeePtr[i].gender != 'M' && employeePtr[i].gender != 'F' ){
            printf("Gender: ");
            scanf("%s", &(employeePtr[i].gender));
            employeePtr[i].gender = toupper(employeePtr[i].gender);
        }
        while(marriageStatus != 'Y' && marriageStatus != 'N'){
            printf("Married?(Y/N): ");
            scanf("%s", &marriageStatus);
            marriageStatus = toupper(marriageStatus);
            if(marriageStatus == 'Y' && employeePtr[i].gender == 'F'){
                employeePtr[i].married = true;
                strcpy(employeePtr[i].Pp, "Mrs.");
                }
            else{
                if(marriageStatus != 'Y' && employeePtr[i].gender == 'F'){
                 strcpy(employeePtr[i].Pp, "Miss");
                    }
                else{
                  strcpy(employeePtr[i].Pp, "Mr.");
                    }
                }

            }
      }
    }
    void printEmployeeDetails(const Employee * const employeePtr){
        system("CLS");
        for(int i = 0; i < NO; ++i){
          printf("Employee No.: %d\n\nName: %s %s %s\nAge: %u\nGender: %c\n\n\n",i,employeePtr[i].Pp,employeePtr[i].fName,employeePtr[i].lName,employeePtr[i].age,employeePtr[i].gender);
        }
    }

我在

的函数fillEmployeeDetails中遇到了问题

scanf("%s", &marriageStatus);

这一行将我的i（如果i =＆gt; 1）更改为0，任何帮助都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您已将marriageStatus声明为char类型。对scanf("%s", &marriageStatus);的调用会覆盖相邻的内存区域，因为marriageStatus只能容纳1个字符。

尝试将声明替换为： char marriageStatus[10];

请注意，程序将因输入大于9而崩溃（为NULL字节留出空间），因此您需要将scanf调用替换为：scanf("%9s", marriageStatus);

如果您没有指定要读取的字符数，则会在程序中创建大量安全漏洞。

编辑：实际上看一下代码，看起来你真的希望weddingStatus成为一个char，在这种情况下，你想要scanf(" %c", marriageStatus);已经指出过了。

如果你被期待要么＆＃39; Y＆＃39;或者＆＃39; N＆＃39;，您可能需要检查它是否已正确读取。

使用指针的函数结构

1 个答案: