我知道C ++有lambdas和std :: bind1st,std :: bind2nd和std :: bind已被弃用。
然而,从C ++的基础开始,我们可以理解更好的新功能。
所以,我从这个非常简单的代码开始,使用数组int :
第一个例子:使用 std :: bind2nd
int array1[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 40 };
int c1, c2, c3;
c1 = count_if(array1, array1 + 7, bind2nd(greater<int>(), 40));
c2 = count_if(array1, array1 + 7, bind2nd(less<int>(), 40));
c3 = count_if(array1, array1 + 7, bind2nd(equal_to<int>(), 40));
cout << "There are " << c1 << " elements that are greater than 40." << endl;
cout << "There are " << c2 << " elements that are lesser than 40." << endl;
cout << "There are " << c3 << " elements that are equal to 40." << endl;
第二个例子:使用 std :: bind
greater<int> big;
less<int> small;
equal_to<int> equal;
c1 = count_if(array1, array1 + 7, bind(big, _1, 40));
c2 = count_if(array1, array1 + 7, bind(small, _1, 40));
c3 = count_if(array1, array1 + 7, bind(equal, _1, 40));
cout << "There are " << c1 << " elements that are greater than 40." << endl;
cout << "There are " << c2 << " elements that are lesser than 40." << endl;
cout << "There are " << c3 << " elements that are equal to 40." << endl;
在这两种情况下,输出都是:
There are 2 elements that are greater than 40.
There are 3 elements that are lesser than 40.
There are 2 elements that are equal to 40.
如何对以下双向数组进行相同的操作:
(我想用第二个坐标进行相同的操作)
int array2[7][2] = { { 1, 10 }, { 2, 20 }, { 3, 30 },
{ 4, 40 }, { 5, 50 }, { 6, 60 }, { 4, 40 } };
使用这样的结构数组:
struct st
{
char c;
int i;
};
st array3[] = { { 'a', 10 }, { 'b', 20 }, { 'c', 30 },
{ 'd', 40 }, { 'e', 50 }, { 'f', 60 }, { 'd', 40 } };
在这种情况下,我想在结构数组中使用字段'int'进行相同的操作。
任何人都可以帮助我吗?
谢谢
答案 0 :(得分:2)
bind1st
,bind2nd
和他们的兄弟在C ++ 11中被弃用,并且在C ++ 17中被彻底删除。以防你不知道这一点。
使用bind
,解决方案相当简单,您可以使用bind
表达式可组合的事实,并且可以使用bind
来提取数据成员({{1}为简洁省略):
placeholders
使用auto gr = count_if(array3, array3 + 7, bind(greater<>{}, bind(&st::i, _1), 40));
auto ls = count_if(array3, array3 + 7, bind(less<>{}, bind(&st::i, _1), 40));
auto eq = count_if(array3, array3 + 7, bind(equal_to<>{}, bind(&st::i, _1), 40));
并不容易。您需要声明一个具有多个typedef的函数对象(不能使用函数)。您可以使用bind2nd
来简化此操作:
binary_function
然后你可以打电话
struct my_greater : binary_function<st, int, bool>
{
bool operator()(st const& l, int r) const {
return greater<>{}(l.i, r);
}
};
在C ++ 11中你可以使用lambdas:
auto old = count_if(array3, array3 + 7, bind2nd(my_greater{}, 40));
如果你有C ++ 11或更新版本,那么使用lambdas几乎总是更好的选择。这不仅仅是一个“良好的默认”,你必须真正扭曲auto XI = count_if(array3, array3 + 7, [](st const& l){ return l.i > 40});
的情况才能成为更好的解决方案。