转换[UInt32] - > [UInt8] - > Swift中的[[UInt8]]

时间:2016-10-28 15:46:20

标签: arrays swift cryptography uint32 uint8array

我正在尝试加速我将[UInt32]转换为[UInt8]的函数的当前实现,后者又被分成[[UInt8]],每个索引有6个数组。

我的实施:

extension Array {
func splitBy(subSize: Int) -> [[Element]] {
    return 0.stride(to: self.count, by: subSize).map { startIndex in
        let endIndex = startIndex.advancedBy(subSize, limit: self.count)
        return Array(self[startIndex ..< endIndex])
    }
  }
}



func convertWordToBytes(fullW : [UInt32]) -> [[UInt8]] {
    var combined8 = [UInt8]()

    //Convert 17 [UInt32] to 68 [UInt8]
    for i in 0...16{
        _ = 24.stride(through: 0, by: -8).map {
            combined8.append(UInt8(truncatingBitPattern: fullW[i] >> UInt32($0)))
        }
    }

    //Split [UInt8] to [[UInt8]] with 6 values at each index.
    let combined48 = combined8.splitBy(6) 

    return combined48
}

这个函数将在我的程序中重复数百万次,其速度是一个巨大的负担。

有人有任何想法吗? 感谢

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

如果您对代码进行了分析(Cmd + I),您将看到大部分时间都在各种“复制到缓冲区”功能上。当您向数组追加一个新元素但它已用完其初始分配空间时,会发生这种情况,因此必须将其移动到堆上具有更多内存的位置。课程的道德:堆分配缓慢但数组不可避免。尽量少做几次。

试试这个:

func convertWordToBytes2(fullW: [UInt32]) -> [[UInt8]] {
    let subSize = 6

    // We allocate the array only once per run since allocation is so slow
    // There will only be assignment to it after
    var combined48 = [UInt8](count: fullW.count * 4, repeatedValue: 0).splitBy(subSize)

    var row = 0
    var col = 0

    for i in 0...16 {
        for j in 24.stride(through: 0, by: -8) {
            let value = UInt8(truncatingBitPattern: fullW[i] >> UInt32(j))
            combined48[row][col] = value

            col += 1
            if col >= subSize {
                row += 1
                col = 0
            }
        }
    }

    return combined48
}

基准代码:

let testCases = (0..<1_000_000).map { _ in
    (0..<17).map { _ in arc4random() }
}

testCases.forEach {
    convertWordToBytes($0)
    convertWordToBytes2($0)
}

结果(在我的2012 iMac上)

Weight          Self Weight         Symbol Name
9.35 s   53.2%  412.00 ms           specialized convertWordToBytes([UInt32]) -> [[UInt8]]
3.28 s   18.6%  344.00 ms           specialized convertWordToBytes2([UInt32]) -> [[UInt8]]

通过消除多次分配,我们已将运行时间缩短了60%。但每个测试用例都是独立的,这非常适合与当今的多核CPU并行处理。修改后的循环......:

dispatch_apply(testCases.count, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, 0)) { i in
    convertWordToBytes2(testCases[i])
}

...在使用8个线程的四核i7上执行时,会在大约1秒钟的时间内缩短时间:

Weight    Self Weight       Symbol Name
2.28 s    6.4%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58467
2.24 s    6.3%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58463
2.22 s    6.2%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58464
2.21 s    6.2%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58466
2.21 s    6.2%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58465
2.21 s    6.2%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58461
2.18 s    6.1%  0 s         _dispatch_worker_thread3  0x58462

节省的时间并不像我希望的那么多。显然,访问堆内存时存在一些争用。对于任何更快的事情,您应该探索基于C的解决方案。