我需要使用成员函数（我相信在我的Date结构中）按照最早被录取的顺序对医院人员进行排序，然后在列表中排序。我可以简单地添加一个Sorting（）;我的Date结构中的“function”绑定到我的printHospitalPersonnel函数，并在调用排序菜单选项时打印出有序列表？下面是我的代码，谢谢！
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string.h>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
/*
Structure to store the date
*/
struct Date
{
int month;
int day;
int year;
};
/*
Structure to store HospitalPersonnels data
*/
struct HospitalPersonnel
{
string firstname;
string lastname;
string ID;
string role;
string dutyDay0;
string dutyDay1;
string dutyDay2;
//for patients
char exitFlag;
Date admitDate;
Date exitDate;
};
HospitalPersonnel* readHospitalPersonnelFromFile(int &totalHospitalPersonnels);
void menu(HospitalPersonnel *hospitalPersonnel, int totalHospitalPersonnel);
void printHorizontalLine( int width, char border_char );
void printHospitalPersonnel(HospitalPersonnel *hospitalPersonnel, int totalHospitalPersonnel, string roleFlag, char patientExitFlag);
string getFullNameForDay(string dayAbbreviation);
/*
* Entry point
*/
int main()
{
HospitalPersonnel *allHospitalPersonnel;
int totalHospitalPersonnel = 0;
allHospitalPersonnel = readHospitalPersonnelFromFile(totalHospitalPersonnel);
if( allHospitalPersonnel == NULL )
{
cout << "allHospitalPersonnel is NULL" << endl;
return 0;
}
printHospitalPersonnel(allHospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel , "", ' ');
menu(allHospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel);
return 0;
}
/*
* Responsible for reading HospitalPersonnel records from hospitalPersonnel.txt into HospitalPersonnel array of structs
*
*
* @param totalHospitalPersonnel: reference variable which post execution, contains size of HospitalPersonnel
* @param return: pointer pointing to the array of structs containing HospitalPersonnel data
*/
HospitalPersonnel* readHospitalPersonnelFromFile(int &totalHospitalPersonnel)
{
char delimiter;
HospitalPersonnel *allHospitalPersonnelPointer;
//input stream for HospitalPersonnels data
ifstream allHospitalPersonnelInFile;
//open HospitalPersonnels file
allHospitalPersonnelInFile.open("hospitalPersonnel.txt");
//error handling in case file does not exist - start
if( !allHospitalPersonnelInFile )
{
cout << "Error opening hospitalPersonnel.txt" << endl;
return NULL;
}
//error handling in case file does not exist - end
cout << "Success opening hospitalPersonnel.txt" << endl;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> totalHospitalPersonnel;
allHospitalPersonnelPointer = new HospitalPersonnel[totalHospitalPersonnel];
cout << "totalHospitalPersonnels: " << totalHospitalPersonnel << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < totalHospitalPersonnel; i++)
{
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].firstname;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].lastname;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].ID;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].role;
if( allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].role != "PT" )
{
// this is a Doctor or a Nurse Practitioner
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay0;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay1;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay2;
allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay0 = getFullNameForDay(allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay0);
allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay1 = getFullNameForDay(allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay1);
allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay2 = getFullNameForDay(allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].dutyDay2);
}
else
{
// this is a Patient
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].exitFlag;
// admit date
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].admitDate.month;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> delimiter;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].admitDate.day;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> delimiter;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].admitDate.year;
if( allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].exitFlag == 'Y' )
{
// this Patient has exit the hospital
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].exitDate.month;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> delimiter;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].exitDate.day;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> delimiter;
allHospitalPersonnelInFile >> allHospitalPersonnelPointer[i].exitDate.year;
}
}
}
allHospitalPersonnelInFile.close();
return allHospitalPersonnelPointer;
}
/*
* Responsible for printing menu and handling user selection
*
*
* @param hospitalPersonnel: pointer pointing to the array of structs containing Hospital Personnel data
* @param totalHospitalPersonnel: size of hospitalPersonnel
*/
void menu(HospitalPersonnel *hospitalPersonnel, int totalHospitalPersonnel)
{
int input;
while( true )
{
cin >> input;
switch( input )
{
case 0:
// Press 0 to print all Hospital Personnel
printHospitalPersonnel(hospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel, "", ' ');
break;
case 1:
// Press 1 to print only Patients
printHospitalPersonnel(hospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel, "PT", ' ');
break;
case 2:
// Press 2 to print only Doctors
printHospitalPersonnel(hospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel, "MD", ' ');
break;
case 3:
// Press 3 to print only Nurse Practitioners
printHospitalPersonnel(hospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel, "NP", ' ');
break;
case 4:
// Press 4 to print only Admitted Patients
printHospitalPersonnel(hospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel, "", 'N');
break;
case 5:
// Press 5 to print only non-Admitted Patients
printHospitalPersonnel(hospitalPersonnel, totalHospitalPersonnel, "", 'Y');
break;
case 6:
// Press 6 to exit
exit(0);
}
}
}
/*
* Responsible for converting the initial for a day to the full name
*
*
* @param dayAbbreviation: short name for day
* @param return: long name for day
*/
string getFullNameForDay(string dayAbbreviation)
{
if( dayAbbreviation == "M" )
return "Mondays";
else if( dayAbbreviation == "T" )
return "Tuesdays";
else if( dayAbbreviation == "W" )
return "Wednesdays";
else if( dayAbbreviation == "TH" )
return "Thursdays";
else if( dayAbbreviation == "F" )
return "Fridays";
else if( dayAbbreviation == "SA" )
return "Saturdays";
else if( dayAbbreviation == "SU" )
return "Sundays";
return "";
}
/*
* Responsible for printing the HospitalPersonnel array of structs
*
*
* @param hospitalPersonnel: pointer pointing to the array of structs containing HospitalPersonnel data
* @param totalHospitalPersonnel: size of hospitalPersonnel
*/
void printHospitalPersonnel(HospitalPersonnel *hospitalPersonnel, int totalHospitalPersonnel, string roleFlag = "", char patientExitFlag = ' ')
{
if( hospitalPersonnel == NULL || totalHospitalPersonnel < 1 )
{
return;
}
cout << endl;
printHorizontalLine(85, '*');
printHorizontalLine(85, '*');
for(int i = 0; i < totalHospitalPersonnel; i++)
{
if( roleFlag.length() != 0 )
{
if( roleFlag != hospitalPersonnel[i].role )
{
// skip roles which do not match roleFlag
continue;
}
}
if( patientExitFlag != ' ' )
{
if( patientExitFlag != hospitalPersonnel[i].exitFlag )
{
continue;
}
}
// filter - end
cout.clear();
cout.fill(' ');
cout
<< left
<< setw(3)
<< i
<< left << setw(10)
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].firstname
<< left << setw(10)
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].lastname
<< left << setw(15)
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].ID
<< left << setw(10)
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].role;
if( hospitalPersonnel[i].role != "PT" )
{
// this is a Medical staff
cout
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].dutyDay0
<< "-"
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].dutyDay1
<< "-"
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].dutyDay2;
}
else
{
cout << hospitalPersonnel[i].exitFlag << "\t";
cout
<< right <<setw(2) << setfill('0')
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].admitDate.month
<< ":"
<< right <<setw(2) << setfill('0')
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].admitDate.day
<< ":"
<< right <<setw(2) << setfill('0')
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].admitDate.year
<< "\t";
if( hospitalPersonnel[i].exitFlag == 'Y' )
{
cout
<< right <<setw(2) << setfill('0')
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].exitDate.month
<< ":"
<< right <<setw(2) << setfill('0')
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].exitDate.day
<< ":"
<< right <<setw(2) << setfill('0')
<< hospitalPersonnel[i].exitDate.year;
}
}
cout << endl;
}
printHorizontalLine(85, '*');
printHorizontalLine(85, '*');
cout << endl;
cout << "Press 0 to print all Hospital Personnel" <<endl;
cout << "Press 1 to print only Patients" << endl;
cout << "Press 2 to print only Doctors" << endl;
cout << "Press 3 to print only Nurse Practitioners" << endl;
cout << "Press 4 to print only Admitted Patients" << endl;
cout << "Press 5 to print only non-Admitted Patients" << endl;
cout << "Press 6 to exit: ";
}
/*
* Responsible for printing a horizontal line which consists of border_char characters
*
*
* @param width: count of border_char
* @param border_char: width made out of characters
*/
void printHorizontalLine( int width, char border_char )
{
cout.fill( border_char );
cout << setw( width ) << border_char << "\n";
cout.fill(' ');
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
典型的方法是实现operator<，基本上有一个islessthan函数，并使用模板化的自由函数来执行排序。如果作业允许，std::sort已经编写好并可供您使用。如果没有使用<编写自己的排序函数来订购数据。
bool operator< (const Date& lhs, const Date& rhs)
{
// code goes here
}
使用Date对std::sort s的数组进行排序非常简单：
std::sort(dates, dates+number_of_dates);
...然而
您不想对Date进行排序。您想要对HospitalPersonnel进行排序。 HospitalPersonnel有两个Date可以排序，还有名字和姓氏，ID和角色。幸运的是，std :: sort允许您指定比较器函数来定义要排序的内容。如果你必须编写自己的排序，我建议遵循这个模型，因为它允许你编写一个排序函数并以不同的方式调用它。
例如：
bool compareAdmitDate(const HospitalPersonnel &rhs, const HospitalPersonnel &lhs)
{
return rhs.admitDate < lhs.admitDate;
}
bool compareLastName(const HospitalPersonnel &rhs, const HospitalPersonnel &lhs)
{
return rhs.lastname< lhs.lastname;
}
这些与
一起使用std::sort(allHospitalPersonnelPointer,
allHospitalPersonnelPointer + totalHospitalPersonnel,
compareAdmitDate);
一个警告：std::sort将对提供的列表进行排序。如果您不希望列表排序，请复制列表，然后排序并返回副本。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
struct HospitalPersonnel
{
string firstname;
string lastname;
string ID;
string role;
string dutyDay0;
string dutyDay1;
string dutyDay2;
//for patients
char exitFlag;
Date admitDate;
Date exitDate;
bool compareAdmitDate(const HospitalPersonnel &rhs, const HospitalPersonnel &lhs)
{
return rhs.admitDate < lhs.admitDate;
}
bool compareLastName(const HospitalPersonnel &rhs, const HospitalPersonnel &lhs)
{
return rhs.lastname < lhs.lastname;
}
std::sort(HospitalPersonnel, HospitalPersonnel + totalHospitalPersonnel, compAdmitDate);
};