计划1:
sessionInfo()
R version 3.2.5 (2016-04-14)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)
locale:
[1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C
[3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8
[5] LC_MONETARY=sv_SE.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8
[7] LC_PAPER=sv_SE.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C
[9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=sv_SE.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] gmailr_0.7.1
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] httr_1.2.1 magrittr_1.5 R6_2.1.3 base64enc_0.1-3
[5] curl_1.2 Rcpp_0.12.7 jsonlite_1.1 httpuv_1.3.3
[9] openssl_0.9.4
输出例如:
library(pryr)
for (x in 1:3) {
print(c(address(x), refs(x)))
}
计划2:
[1] "0x7a6a6c8" "1"
[1] "0x7a6a6c8" "1"
[1] "0x7a6a6c8" "1"
输出例如:
library(pryr)
for (x in 1:3) {
print(c(address(x), refs(x)))
print(x)
}
显然,x的价值在计划2中正在发生变化,但为什么地址也会发生变化?当循环运行大约500,000,000次而循环期间没有调用gc时,这会导致内存泄漏吗?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
在循环的末尾打印(x)将其标记为多引用,如@alexis_laz所述。由于R是一种动态语言,因此很容易发生。为了测试这种效果,我们可以打印refs(x),print(x),refs(x)的输出:
for (x in 1:3) {
print(refs(x))
print(x)
print(refs(x)); cat("\n")
}
输出:
[1] 1
[1] 1
[1] 2
[1] 1
[1] 2
[1] 2
[1] 1
[1] 3
[1] 2