我想在android上模拟标枪投掷。我计算标枪轨迹的每个点的切线斜率。为了计算轨迹坐标我正在使用弹丸运动方程
x = (int) (x0 + v0 * t * Math.cos(radians)); //for coordinate x
和
y = (int) (y0 - v0 * t * Math.sin(radians) + 0.5 * g * t * t);
为了计算标枪轨迹的切线斜率,我推导了这个等式关于x:
y = Math.tan(radians) * x - g / (2 * Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2)) * x^2
dy = Math.tan(radians) - (g * x) / (Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2))
问题是,它可以正确地使用仰角<大约60度。 如果仰角较大,则不能计算出正确的斜率。
以下是代码:
public class ThrowJavelin extends ImageView {
private Context mContext;
int x0 = -1;
int y0 = -1;
int x = x0;
int y = y0;
private Handler h;
private final int FRAME_RATE = 5;
private double t = 0;
private float g = 9.81f;
//initial velocity
private int v0;
//elevation angle in radians
private double radians;
//javelin current angle in degrees
private double javelin_angle;
public ThrowJavelin(Context context, AttributeSet attr) { super(context, attr); }
public ThrowJavelin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr){ super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); }
public ThrowJavelin(Context context, Bundle args) {
super(context);
mContext = context;
h = new Handler();
//input values
v0 = args.getInt("velocity");
radians = args.getDouble("radians");
}
private Runnable r = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
invalidate();
}
};
protected void onDraw(Canvas c) {
Bitmap javelin = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.jav);
DerivativeStructure alpha = null;
if (x < 0 && y < 0) {
x0 = 0;
y0 = c.getHeight() - 200;
x = x0;
y = y0;
javelin = rotateBitmap(javelin, (float) Math.toDegrees(radians));
} else if (y > y0) { //reset to beginning
x = x0;
y = y0;
t = 0;
javelin = rotateBitmap(javelin, (float) Math.toDegrees(radians));
} else {
//calculate current coordinates (depends on t)
x = (int) (x0 + v0 * t * Math.cos(radians));
y = (int) (y0 - v0 * t * Math.sin(radians) + 0.5 * g * t * t);
if (x == 0) {
javelin_angle = Math.toDegrees(radians);
} else {
// dy of 3rd equation
javelin_angle = Math.toDegrees(Math.tan(radians) - (g * x) / (Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2)));
}
javelin = rotateBitmap(javelin, javelin_angle);
t += 0.3;
}
c.drawBitmap(javelin, x, y, null);
h.postDelayed(r, FRAME_RATE);
}
public Bitmap rotateBitmap(Bitmap image, double angle){
float alpha = (float) angle;
Matrix mat = new Matrix();
System.out.println(-alpha);
mat.postRotate(-alpha);
return Bitmap.createBitmap(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), mat, true);
}
}
我真的不明白,为什么不能在更大的角度下正常工作。有什么想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
首先,您的y(x)
解决方案似乎删除了一些变量(例如x0
)。这是完整的解决方案:
y(x) = y0 + (0.5 * g * (x - x0)^2)/(v0^2 * cos(radians)^2) - (x - x0) * tan(radians)
x
的衍生物是:
dy/dx = (g * (x - x0)) / (v0^2 * cos^2(radians)) - tan(radians)
你的解决方案看起来非常相似,只是它的y轴被反转并且它错过了初始位置。
与此衍生物相对应的角度是其arctangens:
double c = Math.cos(radians);
javelin_angle = Math.toDegrees(Math.atan((g * (x - x0) / (v0 * v0 * c * c) - Math.tan(radians)));
我认为,你有一个更换y轴的原因。所以你可以在这个公式中再次这样做。
你的公式适用于小角度的原因是,arctangens接近小角度的身份(红色的身份,蓝色的arctangens):