嘿伙计:)我想要一些解决方案。现在，我有字典 words.txt ，这里有一些例子：
happy
laugh
sad
我有俚语：
hppy
我想搜索＆amp;匹配俚语字符串到我的字典，这意味着它将返回＆＃34; happy＆＃34;因为这些字符串在字典中引用＆＃34; happy＆＃34; 。
最近我一直在使用 similar_text（），但对其有效性并不充满信心。你能为我的问题推荐更好的解决方案吗？谢谢:)）
在这里我把我的代码：
function searchwords($tweet){
//echo $tweet;
$find = false;
$handle = @fopen("words.txt", "r");
if ($handle)
{
while (!feof($handle))
{
$buffer = fgets($handle);
similar_text(trim($tweet),trim($buffer),$percent);
if ($percent == 100){ // this exact match
$find = true;
}else if ($percent >= 90){ //there is the possibility of errors
$find = true;
}
}
fclose($handle);
}
if ($find == true){
unset($tweet);
}else{
return $tweet;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：6)
回答here
我发现要计算字符串之间的相似百分比， Levenshtein和Jaro Winkler算法效果很好 拼写错误和字符串之间的小变化，而Smith Waterman Gotoh算法适用于重要的字符串 文本块将是相同的，但有＆＃34;噪音＆＃34;周围的 边缘。 This answer to a similar question显示了更多详细信息 此
我包含了使用这三个示例中的每一个的php示例来返回两个字符串之间的相似性百分比：
echo levenshtein("LEGENDARY","BARNEY STINSON");
class StringCompareJaroWinkler
{
public function compare($str1, $str2)
{
return $this->JaroWinkler($str1, $str2, $PREFIXSCALE = 0.1 );
}
private function getCommonCharacters( $string1, $string2, $allowedDistance ){
$str1_len = mb_strlen($string1);
$str2_len = mb_strlen($string2);
$temp_string2 = $string2;
$commonCharacters='';
for( $i=0; $i < $str1_len; $i++){
$noMatch = True;
// compare if char does match inside given allowedDistance
// and if it does add it to commonCharacters
for( $j= max( 0, $i-$allowedDistance ); $noMatch && $j < min( $i + $allowedDistance + 1, $str2_len ); $j++){
if( $temp_string2[$j] == $string1[$i] ){
$noMatch = False;
$commonCharacters .= $string1[$i];
$temp_string2[$j] = '';
}
}
}
return $commonCharacters;
}
private function Jaro( $string1, $string2 ){
$str1_len = mb_strlen( $string1 );
$str2_len = mb_strlen( $string2 );
// theoretical distance
$distance = (int) floor(min( $str1_len, $str2_len ) / 2.0);
// get common characters
$commons1 = $this->getCommonCharacters( $string1, $string2, $distance );
$commons2 = $this->getCommonCharacters( $string2, $string1, $distance );
if( ($commons1_len = mb_strlen( $commons1 )) == 0) return 0;
if( ($commons2_len = mb_strlen( $commons2 )) == 0) return 0;
// calculate transpositions
$transpositions = 0;
$upperBound = min( $commons1_len, $commons2_len );
for( $i = 0; $i < $upperBound; $i++){
if( $commons1[$i] != $commons2[$i] ) $transpositions++;
}
$transpositions /= 2.0;
// return the Jaro distance
return ($commons1_len/($str1_len) + $commons2_len/($str2_len) + ($commons1_len - $transpositions)/($commons1_len)) / 3.0;
}
private function getPrefixLength( $string1, $string2, $MINPREFIXLENGTH = 4 ){
$n = min( array( $MINPREFIXLENGTH, mb_strlen($string1), mb_strlen($string2) ) );
for($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++){
if( $string1[$i] != $string2[$i] ){
// return index of first occurrence of different characters
return $i;
}
}
// first n characters are the same
return $n;
}
private function JaroWinkler($string1, $string2, $PREFIXSCALE = 0.1 ){
$JaroDistance = $this->Jaro( $string1, $string2 );
$prefixLength = $this->getPrefixLength( $string1, $string2 );
return $JaroDistance + $prefixLength * $PREFIXSCALE * (1.0 - $JaroDistance);
}
}
$jw = new StringCompareJaroWinkler();
echo $jw->compare("LEGENDARY","BARNEY STINSON");
class SmithWatermanGotoh
{
private $gapValue;
private $substitution;
/**
* Constructs a new Smith Waterman metric.
*
* @param gapValue
* a non-positive gap penalty
* @param substitution
* a substitution function
*/
public function __construct($gapValue=-0.5,
$substitution=null)
{
if($gapValue > 0.0) throw new Exception("gapValue must be <= 0");
//if(empty($substitution)) throw new Exception("substitution is required");
if (empty($substitution)) $this->substitution = new SmithWatermanMatchMismatch(1.0, -2.0);
else $this->substitution = $substitution;
$this->gapValue = $gapValue;
}
public function compare($a, $b)
{
if (empty($a) && empty($b)) {
return 1.0;
}
if (empty($a) || empty($b)) {
return 0.0;
}
$maxDistance = min(mb_strlen($a), mb_strlen($b))
* max($this->substitution->max(), $this->gapValue);
return $this->smithWatermanGotoh($a, $b) / $maxDistance;
}
private function smithWatermanGotoh($s, $t)
{
$v0 = [];
$v1 = [];
$t_len = mb_strlen($t);
$max = $v0[0] = max(0, $this->gapValue, $this->substitution->compare($s, 0, $t, 0));
for ($j = 1; $j < $t_len; $j++) {
$v0[$j] = max(0, $v0[$j - 1] + $this->gapValue,
$this->substitution->compare($s, 0, $t, $j));
$max = max($max, $v0[$j]);
}
// Find max
for ($i = 1; $i < mb_strlen($s); $i++) {
$v1[0] = max(0, $v0[0] + $this->gapValue, $this->substitution->compare($s, $i, $t, 0));
$max = max($max, $v1[0]);
for ($j = 1; $j < $t_len; $j++) {
$v1[$j] = max(0, $v0[$j] + $this->gapValue, $v1[$j - 1] + $this->gapValue,
$v0[$j - 1] + $this->substitution->compare($s, $i, $t, $j));
$max = max($max, $v1[$j]);
}
for ($j = 0; $j < $t_len; $j++) {
$v0[$j] = $v1[$j];
}
}
return $max;
}
}
class SmithWatermanMatchMismatch
{
private $matchValue;
private $mismatchValue;
/**
* Constructs a new match-mismatch substitution function. When two
* characters are equal a score of <code>matchValue</code> is assigned. In
* case of a mismatch a score of <code>mismatchValue</code>. The
* <code>matchValue</code> must be strictly greater then
* <code>mismatchValue</code>
*
* @param matchValue
* value when characters are equal
* @param mismatchValue
* value when characters are not equal
*/
public function __construct($matchValue, $mismatchValue) {
if($matchValue <= $mismatchValue) throw new Exception("matchValue must be > matchValue");
$this->matchValue = $matchValue;
$this->mismatchValue = $mismatchValue;
}
public function compare($a, $aIndex, $b, $bIndex) {
return ($a[$aIndex] === $b[$bIndex] ? $this->matchValue
: $this->mismatchValue);
}
public function max() {
return $this->matchValue;
}
public function min() {
return $this->mismatchValue;
}
}
$o = new SmithWatermanGotoh();
echo $o->compare("LEGENDARY","BARNEY STINSON");
答案 1 :(得分：0)
希望它能满足你的目的。但是在使用similar_text()时需要注意一些事项。
similar_text($a, $b, $percent)和similar_text($b, $a, $percent)在这两种情况下，$ percent可能不相同。了解详情this page