所以我试图编写一个程序来跟踪具有以下属性的酒厂的各种属性。
- 动态分配内存
- 跟踪酿酒厂开始的年份
- 成功评级和葡萄园占用的土地面积的浮动。
- 添加,删除,显示(按评级和名称)并保存酒厂数据的功能。
我已经编写/调试过代码来处理类似的程序,其中所有属性都是cstrings,而且这段代码基于相同的框架。
我的问题是,适用于动态分配的cstrings的相同代码不适用于整数或浮点数,而且我从编译器获取转换错误消息。我有一个包含list
的{{1}}类,因为我使用私有成员来隐藏数据,我将函数从客户端程序传递到aWinery
和{{{ 1}}。具有相同类型的函数是相同的,因此我在此处仅包含每种类型中的一种。
有人可以指出我做错了什么吗?如果list
的int和float的定义不是指针,我不知道如何返回参数。我可以通过类找到的动态内存编程的唯一示例使用cstrings。我已经注意到我从教师那里复制的代码中有几点,因为我无法弄明白。
编辑:我得到的具体错误是aWinery
,其中某些排列发生在所有aWinery
的整数和基于浮点的访问器和增变器函数中。
List Accessor,Mutator,Constructor和Destructor函数
invalid conversion from int* to int\n year = this->year
aWinery Accessor,Mutator,Constructor和Destructor函数
aWinery
aWinery头文件
void list::getWineryLocation(char location[]) const
{
wineryData.getLocation(location);
}
void list::getWineryYear(int year) const
{
wineryData.getYear(year);
}
void list::getWineryAcres(float acres) const
{
wineryData.getAcres(acres);
}
void list::setWineryLocation(char location[])
{
wineryData.setLocation(location);
}
void list::setWineryYear(int year)
{
wineryData.setYear(year);
}
void list::setWineryAcres(float acres)
{
wineryData.setAcres(acres);
}
//Constructor functions
list::list()
{
nameHead = NULL;
nameTail = NULL;
ratingHead = NULL;
ratingTail = NULL;
size = 0;
}
//Destructor
//Doesn't delete the head/tailRating pointers to avoid double deleting a winery
list::~list()
{
node * curr = nameHead;
while (nameHead != NULL)
{
curr = nameHead->nextByName;
delete nameHead;
nameHead = curr;
}
}
列出头文件
//Winery object constructor
aWinery::aWinery()
{
name = new char[strlen("Unknown")+1];
strcpy(name, "Unknown");
location = new char[strlen("Unknown")+1];
strcpy(location, "Unknown");
year = new int;
year = 0;
acres = new float;
acres = 0;
successRating = new float;
successRating = 0;
}
//I have no idea whats going on here
//Winery destructor
aWinery::~aWinery()
{
if(name != NULL)
delete [] name;
if(location != NULL)
delete [] location;
if(year != 0)
delete year;
if(acres != 0)
delete acres;
if(successRating != 0)
delete successRating;
}
void aWinery::getLocation(char location[]) const
{
strcpy(location, this->location);
}
void aWinery::getYear(int year) const
{
year = this->year;
}
void aWinery::getAcres(float acres) const
{
acres = this->acres;
}
//I have no idea why this is written this way, I copied this from an instructor example
void aWinery::setLocation(char location0[])
{
if(this->location != NULL)
delete [] this->location;
this->location = new char[strlen(location0)+1];
strcpy(this->location, location0);
}
void aWinery::setYear(int year0)
{
if(this->year != 0)
delete this->year;
this->year = new int;
this->year = year0;
}
void aWinery::setAcres(float acres0)
{
if(this->acres != 0)
delete this->acres;
this->acres = new float;
this->acres = acres0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我认为你的大部分问题都在标题中,在这里:
private:
char* name;
char* location;
int* year;
float* acres;
float* successRating;
没有理由为任何这些成员变量使用指针;你不妨让他们成为所有普通的按价值成员,如下:
private:
std::string name;
std::string location;
int year;
float acres;
float successRating;
请注意,我用std :: string替换了(char *)成员变量,因为在C ++程序中,没有理由不使用正确的字符串对象。 (如果你用C语言编写,使用动态分配的char数组来保存字符串可能是必要的恶,但在C ++中它只是受虐狂)
通过按值存储所有数据,您可以删除所有new
和delete
命令(以及随之而来的不可避免的错误和低效率),并设置并获取必要时直接使用这些值。
此外,此访问器功能错误:
void aWinery::getYear(int year) const
{
year = this->year;
}
它不起作用,因为在C ++中,方法参数(默认情况下)是按值传递的(即传入值的临时本地副本,对于要使用的方法),所以上面的所有方法都可以修改本地参数year
,然后在函数返回后立即销毁。一个合适的访问器方法看起来更像是这样:
int aWinery::getYear() const
{
return this->year; // assuming year member variable is now of type int
}
....同样,setter方法应如下所示:
void aWinery::setYear(int newYear)
{
this->year = newYear; // assuming year member variable is now of type int
}