我不明白以下行为
unsigned long begin_time = \
std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
//some code here
std::cout << "time diff with arithmetic in cout: " << \
std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count() - begin_time << std::endl;
unsigned long time_diff = \
std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count() - begin_time;
std::cout << "time_diff: " << time_diff << std::endl;
输出:
time diff with arithmetic in cout: <very large number (definitely not milliseconds)>
time_diff: <smaller number (definitely milliseconds)>
当我在cout中进行算术运算时,duration_cast
为什么不起作用?我已经使用unsigned int
和int
作为time_diff
变量,但是当我在变量初始化或赋值中首次执行算术时,我总是得到良好的输出。
注意
我正在使用Visual Studio 2013(社区版)
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你可能会溢出unsigned long
(sizeof为4):
unsigned long begin_time = \
std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
推荐:
using namespace std::chrono;
auto begin_time = steady_clock::now();
//some code here
std::cout << "time diff with arithmetic in cout: " <<
duration_cast<milliseconds>(steady_clock::now() - begin_time).count() << std::endl;
答案 1 :(得分:1)
duration_cast
没有任何问题,问题是unsigned long
不足以处理自纪元以来毫秒级的时间。从ideone我得到这个输出:
Max value for `unsigned long`: 4294967295
Milliseconds since epoch: 15426527488
我通过直接推出获得毫秒数:
std::cout << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count() << std::endl;
在您的第一个输出中,您获得了一个巨大的数字,因为begin_time
被强制转换为std::chrono::milliseconds::rep
(返回类型为.count()
),其大小足以处理time_since_epoch
(由标准保证),而在第二个输出中,两个值都被unsigned long
截断,因此您得到(可能)正确的结果。
注意:可能存在unsigned long
足以处理此问题的架构,但您不应该依赖它并直接使用为std::chrono::duration
提供的算术运算符。 < / p>