几乎在DrRacket中复制了SICP解释器代码,但出现了错误

时间:2016-06-15 16:29:35

标签: scheme interpreter sicp

我在很长一段时间里学习翻译,在阅读了SICP第4.1~4.2节之后,我试图在我的DrRacket中以planet neil/sicp模式复制这些代码。我仔细阅读了这些代码,但仍无法使代码正常运行。

在我的副本中,我做了一些改动:

  • eval函数已重命名为ewal;(因为我想避免使用基础方案评估我的代码)
  • apply函数已重命名为epplyapply-in-underlying-scheme函数除外);
  • 重新安排了代码结构以便我更好地理解
  • 使用#f#t作为我的基础实现。
  • 我也禁用了驱动程序循环,因为我发现driver-loop从未输出输入值。

代码无法正确评估复合过程,但可以处理自我评估,定义和其他特殊形式。我仔细检查了评估过程,发现如果我改变了一个点(我在代码中标有(*)),那么该行

    ((compound-procedure? procedure)  (eval-sequence (procedure-body procedure)

修改为

    ((compound-procedure? procedure)  (ewal (procedure-body procedure)
解释器最终可以再次进行复合程序。我不知道为什么,但我认为我的是正确的。但是SICP可能不对。我的第二个问题是如何使driver-loop正确输出eval值。

解释器也包含在gist中,因为它太长了。

#lang planet neil/sicp

;; plot:
;; 1. env operation
;; 2. eval function
;; 3. test and eval for each special form and combination eval
;; 4. REPL
;; 5: test

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;; environment
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


(define the-empty-environment '())


(define (first-frame env) (car env))
(define (enclosing-environment env)(cdr env))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; env operation
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

(define (extend-environment vars vals base-env)
  (if (= (length vars) (length vals))
      (cons (make-frame vars vals) base-env)
      (if (< (length vars) (length vals))
          (error "Too many args supplied" vars vals)
          (error "Too few args supplied" vars vals))))


(define (lookup-variable-value var env)
  (define(env-loop env)
    (define (scan vars vals)
      (cond ((null? vars)         (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
            ((eq? var (car vars)) (car vals))
            (else                 (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
    (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
        (error "Unbound variable" var)
        (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
          (scan (frame-variables frame)
                (frame-values frame)))))
  (env-loop env))


(define (set-variable-value! var val env)
  (define (env-loop env)
    (define (scan vars vals)
      (cond ((null? vars)         (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
            ((eq? var (car vars)) (set-car! vals val))
            (else                 (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
    (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
       (error "Unbound variable -- SET!" var)
       (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
         (scan (frame-variables frame)
               (frame-values frame)))))
  (env-loop env))


(define (define-variable! var val env)
  (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
    (define (scan vars vals)
      (cond ((null? vars)         (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame))
            ((eq? var (car vars)) (set-car! vals val))
            (else                 (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
    (scan (frame-variables frame)
          (frame-values frame))))


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; frame operation
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (make-frame variables values)
  (cons variables values))

(define (frame-variables frame) (car frame))

(define (frame-values frame) (cdr frame))

(define (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame)
  (set-car! frame (cons var (car frame)))
  (set-cdr! frame (cons val (cdr frame))))



;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;; eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

(define (ewal exp env)
  (cond ((self-evaluating? exp)      exp)
        ((variable? exp)             (lookup-variable-value exp env))
        ((quoted? exp)               (text-of-quotation exp))
        ((assignment? exp)           (eval-assignment exp env))
        ((definition? exp)           (eval-definition exp env))
        ((if? exp)                   (eval-if exp env))
        ((lambda? exp)               (make-procedure (lambda-parameters exp)
                                                     (lambda-body exp)
                                                     env))
        ((begin? exp)                (eval-sequence (begin-actions exp) env))
        ((cond? exp)                 (ewal (cond->if exp) env))
        ((application? exp)          (epply (ewal (operator exp) env)
                                            (list-of-values (operands exp) env)))
        (else                        (error "Unknown type -- EWAL" exp))))



;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; self-eval test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (self-evaluating? exp)
  (cond ((number? exp) #t)
        ((string? exp) #t)
        (else #f)))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; variable test an eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (variable? exp) (symbol? exp))
;; (lookup-variable-value exp env) see below

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; quote test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (quoted? exp)
  (tagged-list? exp 'quote))

(define (text-of-quotation exp) (cadr exp))

(define (tagged-list? exp tag)
  (if (pair? exp)
      (eq? (car exp) tag)
      #f))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; assignment test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (assignment? exp)
  (tagged-list? exp 'set!))

(define (assignment-variable exp) (cadr exp))
(define (assignment-value exp) (caddr exp))

(define (eval-assignment exp env)
  (set-variable-value! (assignment-variable exp)
                       (ewal (assignment-value exp) env)
                       env)
  'ok) 

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; definition test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (definition? exp)
  (tagged-list? exp 'define))

(define (definition-variable exp)
  (if (symbol? (cadr exp))    
      (cadr exp)            
      (caadr exp)))         

(define (definition-value exp)
  (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
      (caddr exp)
      (make-lambda (cdadr exp)    ;;formal parameters
                   (cddr exp))))  ;;body

(define (make-lambda parameters body)
  (cons 'lambda (cons parameters body)))

(define (eval-definition exp env)
  (define-variable! (definition-variable exp)
                    (ewal (definition-value exp) env)
                    env)
  'ok)

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; lambda test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (lambda? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'lambda))

(define (lambda-parameters exp) (cadr exp))

(define (lambda-body exp) (caddr exp))

(define (make-procedure parameters body env)
  (list 'procedure parameters body env))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; if test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

(define (if? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'if))

(define (if-predicate exp) (cadr exp))
(define (if-consequent exp) (caddr exp))
(define (if-alternative exp)
  (if (not (null? (cadddr exp)))
      (cadddr exp)
      'false))

(define (eval-if exp env)
  (if (true? (ewal (if-predicate exp) env))
      (ewal (if-consequent exp) env)
      (ewal (if-alternative exp) env)))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; begin test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

(define (begin? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'begin))
(define (begin-actions exp) (cdr exp))
(define (last-exp? seq) (null? (cdr seq)))
(define (first-exp seq) (car seq))
(define (rest-exps seq) (cdr seq))


(define (eval-sequence exps env)
  (cond ((last-exp? exps) (ewal (first-exp exps) env))
        (else (ewal (first-exp exps) env)
              (eval-sequence (rest-exps exps) env))))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; application test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


(define (application? exp) (pair? exp)) 


(define (operator exp) (car exp))
(define (operands exp) (cdr exp))


(define (no-operands? ops) (null? ops))
(define (first-operand ops) (car ops))
(define (rest-operands ops) (cdr ops))


(define (list-of-values exps env)
  (if (no-operands? exps)
      '()
      (cons (ewal (first-operand exps) env)
            (list-of-values (rest-operands exps) env))))

(define (epply procedure arguments)
  (cond ((primitive-procedure? procedure) (apply-primitive-procedure procedure arguments))
        ((compound-procedure? procedure)  (ewal (procedure-body procedure)        ;; (*)
                                                         (extend-environment (procedure-parameters procedure)
                                                                             arguments
                                                                             (procedure-environment procedure))))
        (else                             (error "Unkown procedure type -- EPPLY" procedure))))


(define (primitive-procedure? proc)
  (tagged-list? proc 'primitive))

(define (primitive-implementation proc) (cadr proc))


(define (compound-procedure? p) (tagged-list? p 'procedure))


(define (procedure-parameters p) (cadr p))
(define (procedure-body p) (caddr p))
(define (procedure-environment p) (cadddr p))

(define (apply-primitive-procedure proc args)
  (apply-in-underlying-scheme (primitive-implementation proc) args))

(define apply-in-underlying-scheme apply)

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; cond test and eval
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

(define (cond? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'cond))

(define (cond-clauses exp) (cdr exp))

(define (cond-else-clause? clause)
  (eq? (cond-predicate clause) 'else))

(define (cond-predicate clause) (car clause))

(define (cond-actions clause) (cdr clause))

(define (cond->if exp)
  (expand-clauses (cond-clauses exp)))

(define (expand-clauses clauses)
  (if (null? clauses)
    'false
    (let ((first (car clauses))
          (rest (cdr clauses)))
      (if (cond-else-clause? first)
        (if (null? rest)
          (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
          (error "ELSE clause isn't last -- COND->IF" clauses))
        (make-if (cond-predicate first)
                 (sequence->exp(cond-actions first))
                 (expand-clauses rest))))))

(define (make-if predicate consequent alternative)
  (list 'if predicate consequent alternative))

(define (sequence->exp seq)
  (cond ((null? seq) seq)
        ((last-exp? seq) (first-exp seq))
        (else (make-begin seq))))

(define (make-begin seq) (cons 'begin seq))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; env setup
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define (setup-environment)
  (let ((initial-env
         (extend-environment (primitive-procedure-names)
                             (primitive-procedure-objects)
                             the-empty-environment)))
    (define-variable! '#t #t initial-env)
    (define-variable! '#f #f initial-env)
    initial-env))

(define primitive-procedures
  (list(list 'car car)
       (list 'cdr cdr)
       (list 'null? null?)
       (list 'cons cons)
       (list '+ +)
       (list '- -)
       (list '* *)
       (list '/ /)
       (list '= =)))

(define (true? x)
  (not (eq? x false)))

(define (false? x)
  (eq? x false))

(define (primitive-procedure-names)
  (map car primitive-procedures))

(define (primitive-procedure-objects)
  (map (lambda (proc) (list 'primitive (cadr proc)))
       primitive-procedures))


(define the-global-environment (setup-environment))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; REPL
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

(define input-prompt "M-Eval input:")
(define output-prompt "M-Eval value:")

(define (driver-loop)
  (prompt-for-input input-prompt)
  (let ((input (read)))
    (let ((output (ewal input the-global-environment)))
      (announce-output output-prompt)
      (user-print output)))
  (driver-loop))

(define (prompt-for-input string)
  (newline)
  (newline)
  (display string)
  (newline))

(define (announce-output string)
  (newline)
  (display string)
  (newline))

(define (user-print object)
  (if (compound-procedure? object)
    (display (list 'compound-procedure
                   (procedure-parameters object)
                   (procedure-body object)
                   '<procedure-env>))))



;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;; test
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


(define env0 the-global-environment)

(ewal '(define (p1 x) (+ x 1)) env0 )  
(ewal '(p1 4) env0)
(ewal '(define (append x y)
         (if (null? x)
             y
             (cons (car x)
                   (append (cdr x) y)))) env0)
(ewal '(define (factorial n)
         (if (= 1 n)
             1
             (* n (factorial (- n 1))))) env0)

(ewal '(factorial 5) env0)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; init main loop
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;;(driver-loop)
;; this is commented since I found it run incorrectly

更新:

@Will Ness说:

  

关于eval-sequence,您的procedure-body功能不正确。它   应该是cddr,而不是caddr,以符合评估顺序的预期。

我认为我的procedure-body def是正确的。考虑我正在解释这个exp:

((lambda (n)
          (if (= 1 n)
              1
              0))
        5)

这是一个应用程序,可以通过eval评估运算符

(ewal (operator '((lambda (n)
          (if (= 1 n)
              1
              0))
        5)) env0)

所以operator的值是一个列表(闭包),如下所示:

(procedure (n) (if (= 1 n) 1 0) #new-env)

如果我的程序体是封闭的caddr,则正文将是(if (= 1 n) 1 0)

但如果我将procedure-body更改为(cddr p),则procedure-body将变为:((if (= 1 n) 1 0) #new-env)

这意味着#new-env将成为我的程序正文的一部分。无论如何这不是不正确的,因为程序主体不应该包括封闭环境。

但实际上,这个解释器无法处理其主体由表达式列表组成的函数。在这种情况下,我不知道如何从闭包中提取正文(exp列表)。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

关于eval-sequence,您的procedure-body功能不正确。它应该是cddr,而不是caddr,以匹配eval-sequence的预期。

关于driver-loop,它使用user-print来显示输出,但user-print不完整。它只显示复合过程的值,而不是其他任何值。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在我的翻译中,案例lambda无法评估其正文由表达式列表组成的函数,因为lambda-body被定义为(caddr exp)。我应该修改它:

(define (lambda-body exp) (cddr exp))

并且在我的epply函数中,条件compound-procedure应该是过程体的eval-sequence,因为现在过程体是一个表达式列表,而不是表达式。