再次,我发现自己达到了提升精神。我再次发现自己被它击败了。
HTTP标头值采用一般形式:
text/html; q=1.0, text/*; q=0.8, image/gif; q=0.6, image/jpeg; q=0.6, image/*; q=0.5, */*; q=0.1
即。 value *OWS [; *OWS name *OWS [= *OWS possibly_quoted_value] *OWS [...]] *OWS [ , <another value> ...]
所以在我看来,这个标题解码为:
value[0]:
text/html
params:
name : q
value : 1.0
value[1]:
text/*
params:
name : q
value : 0.8
...
等等。
我确信对于任何知道如何的人来说,boost :: spirit :: qi的语法都是微不足道的。
我谦卑地请求你的协助。
例如,这里是解码Content-Type
标头的代码的大纲,该标头仅限于type/subtype
形式的一个值,具有<sp> ; <sp> token=token|quoted_string
形式的任意数量的参数{ {1}}
template<class Iter>
void parse(ContentType& ct, Iter first, Iter last)
{
ct.mutable_type()->append(to_lower(consume_token(first, last)));
consume_lit(first, last, '/');
ct.mutable_subtype()->append(to_lower(consume_token(first, last)));
while (first != last) {
skipwhite(first, last);
if (consume_char_if(first, last, ';'))
{
auto p = ct.add_parameters();
skipwhite(first, last);
p->set_name(to_lower(consume_token(first, last)));
skipwhite(first, last);
if (consume_char_if(first, last, '='))
{
skipwhite(first, last);
p->set_value(consume_token_or_quoted(first, last));
}
else {
// no value on this parameter
}
}
else if (consume_char_if(first, last, ','))
{
// normally we should get the next value-token here but in the case of Content-Type
// we must barf
throw std::runtime_error("invalid use of ; in Content-Type");
}
}
}
ContentType& populate(ContentType& ct, const std::string& header_value)
{
parse(ct, header_value.begin(), header_value.end());
return ct;
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
好的,经过24小时的英勇奋斗(好吧,不是真的 - 更像是一遍又一遍地阅读手册......),我发现 方式有效。
我绝不胜任boost::spirit
。如果有人可以改进这个答案,请发布。
此精神状态机获取标头的值(带有一个,可选参数化值)并将其转换为content_type
结构。
我对HTTP标准的业余阅读表明某些标题具有表格(此处的空格表示任意数量的空格,可以引用或不引用值:
Header-Name: tokena/tokenb [; param1 = "value" [; param2 = value]...]
而其他人则有更一般的形式:
Header-Name: token [; param1 = "value"[; param2 = value]...] [ , token ...]
此代码涵盖第一种情况 - 即HTTP Content-Type
标头值。我需要扩展它以满足Accept
标题(可以使用参数通告多个值) - 稍后会出现。
所以这里是代码。请务必告诉我如何改进它!
#define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/config/warning_disable.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi_char.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_core.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_operator.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_fusion.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_stl.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <boost/variant.hpp>
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
namespace ascii = boost::spirit::ascii;
using unary_parameter = std::string;
struct binary_parameter
{
std::string name;
std::string value;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(binary_parameter,
(std::string, name)
(std::string, value))
using parameter = boost::variant<unary_parameter, binary_parameter>;
struct type_subtype
{
std::string type;
std::string subtype;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(type_subtype,
(std::string, type)
(std::string, subtype))
using content_type_pair = std::pair<std::string, std::string>;
struct content_type
{
type_subtype type;
std::vector<parameter> params;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(content_type,
(type_subtype, type)
(std::vector<parameter>, params))
template<class Iterator>
struct token_grammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, content_type()>
{
token_grammar() : token_grammar::base_type(content_type_rule)
{
using ascii::char_;
using qi::omit;
using qi::eoi;
CR = char_('\r');
LF = char_('\n');
CRLF = CR >> LF;
SP = char_(' ');
HT = char_('\t');
LWS = -CRLF >> +(SP | HT);
UPALPHA = char_('A', 'Z');
LOALPHA = char_('a', 'z');
ALPHA = UPALPHA | LOALPHA;
DIGIT = char_('0', '9');
CTL = char_(0, 31) | char_(127);
QUOT = char_('"');
TEXT = (char_ - CTL) | HT;
separator = char_('(') | ')' | '<' | '>' | '@'
| ',' | ';' | ':' | '\\' | '"'
| '/' | '[' | ']' | '?' | '='
| '{' | '}' | SP | HT;
end_sequence = separator | space;
token = +(char_ - separator);
qdtext = char_ - char_('"') - '\\';
quoted_pair = omit[char_('\\')] >> char_;
quoted_string = omit[char_('"')] >> *(qdtext | quoted_pair) >> omit[char_('"')];
value = quoted_string | token ;
type_subtype_rule = token >> '/' >> token;
name_only = token;
nvp = token >> omit[*SP] >> omit['='] >> omit[*SP] >> value;
any_parameter = omit[*SP] >> omit[char_(';')] >> omit[*SP] >> (nvp | name_only);
content_type_rule = type_subtype_rule >> *any_parameter;
BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES((qdtext)(quoted_pair)(quoted_string)(value)(token)(separator));
}
qi::rule<Iterator, void()> CR, LF, CRLF, SP, HT, LWS, CTL, QUOT;
qi::rule<Iterator, char()> UPALPHA, LOALPHA, ALPHA, DIGIT, TEXT, qdtext, quoted_pair;
qi::rule<Iterator, void()> separator, space, end_sequence;
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> quoted_string, token, value;
qi::rule<Iterator, type_subtype()> type_subtype_rule;
qi::rule<Iterator, unary_parameter()> name_only;
qi::rule<Iterator, binary_parameter()> nvp;
qi::rule<Iterator, parameter()> any_parameter;
qi::rule<Iterator, content_type()> content_type_rule;
};
TEST(spirit_test, test1)
{
token_grammar<std::string::const_iterator> grammar{};
std::string test = R"__test(application/json )__test";
content_type ct;
bool r = qi::parse(test.cbegin(), test.cend(), grammar, ct);
EXPECT_EQ("application", ct.type.type);
EXPECT_EQ("json", ct.type.subtype);
EXPECT_EQ(0, ct.params.size());
ct = {};
test = R"__test(text/html ; charset = "ISO-8859-5")__test";
qi::parse(test.cbegin(), test.cend(), grammar, ct);
EXPECT_EQ("text", ct.type.type);
EXPECT_EQ("html", ct.type.subtype);
ASSERT_EQ(1, ct.params.size());
ASSERT_EQ(typeid(binary_parameter), ct.params[0].type());
auto& x = boost::get<binary_parameter>(ct.params[0]);
EXPECT_EQ("charset", x.name);
EXPECT_EQ("ISO-8859-5", x.value);
}
答案 1 :(得分:2)
我已将代码视为posted by OP并对其进行了审核。
无需指定void()
。实际上,在这种情况下,最好使用qi::unused_type
,如果没有声明属性类型,则默认为规则。
如果您不希望公开该属性,则无需char_
。请改用lit
。
不需要在rule
中包装每个字符解析器。这会伤害表现。最好不要对proto表达式树进行未评估,因此Qi可以更多地优化解析器表达式,并且编译器可以内联更多。
此外,Qi并没有在属性上移动语义,因此避免冗余规则会消除在包含规则中连接的子属性的冗余副本。
替代拼写示例(请注意,请参阅Assigning parsers to auto variables)
auto CR = qi::lit('\r'); auto LF = qi::lit('\n'); auto CRLF = qi::lit("\r\n"); auto HT = qi::lit('\t'); auto SP = qi::lit(' '); auto LWS = qi::copy(-CRLF >> +(SP | HT)); // deepcopy UPALPHA = char_('A', 'Z'); LOALPHA = char_('a', 'z'); ALPHA = UPALPHA | LOALPHA; DIGIT = char_('0', '9'); //CTL = char_(0, 31) | char_(127); TEXT = char_("\t\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff");
由于您不必使用char_
,因此您也无法使用qi::omit[]
杀死该属性。
当您使用Qi域表达式模板时,原始字符串/字符文字隐式包含在qi::lit
中,因此,您可以简单地使用
quoted_pair = omit[char_('\\')] >> char_;
quoted_string = omit[char_('"')] >> *(qdtext | quoted_pair) >> omit[char_('"')];
到
quoted_pair = '\\' >> char_;
quoted_string = '"' >> *(qdtext | quoted_pair) >> '"';
而不是一直用omit[*SP]
拼写跳过空格,而只是用一个队长声明规则。现在,您可以简化
nvp = token >> omit[*SP] >> omit['='] >> omit[*SP] >> value;
any_parameter = omit[*SP] >> omit[char_(';')] >> omit[*SP] >> (nvp | name_only);
content_type_rule = type_subtype_rule >> *any_parameter;
到
nvp = token >> '=' >> value;
any_parameter = ';' >> (nvp | name_only);
content_type_rule = type_subtype_rule >> qi::skip(spaces)[*any_parameter];
请注意,在没有队长的情况下声明的规则的任何子规则调用都是隐式lexeme :Boost spirit skipper issues
有许多冗余/未使用的标题
decltype
简化的结果要小得多:
//#define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapted.hpp>
struct parameter {
boost::optional<std::string> name;
std::string value;
};
struct type_subtype {
std::string type;
std::string subtype;
};
struct content_type {
type_subtype type;
std::vector<parameter> params;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(type_subtype, type, subtype)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(content_type, type, params)
template<class Iterator>
struct token_grammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, content_type()>
{
token_grammar() : token_grammar::base_type(content_type_rule)
{
using qi::ascii::char_;
spaces = char_(' ');
token = +~char_( "()<>@,;:\\\"/[]?={} \t");
quoted_string = '"' >> *('\\' >> char_ | ~char_('"')) >> '"';
value = quoted_string | token;
type_subtype_rule = token >> '/' >> token;
name_only = token;
nvp = token >> '=' >> value;
any_parameter = ';' >> (nvp | name_only);
content_type_rule = type_subtype_rule >> qi::skip(spaces) [*any_parameter];
BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES((nvp)(any_parameter)(content_type_rule)(quoted_string)(token)(value)(type_subtype_rule))
}
private:
using Skipper = qi::space_type;
Skipper spaces;
qi::rule<Iterator, binary_parameter(), Skipper> nvp;
qi::rule<Iterator, parameter(), Skipper> any_parameter;
qi::rule<Iterator, content_type()> content_type_rule;
// lexemes
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> quoted_string, token, value;
qi::rule<Iterator, type_subtype()> type_subtype_rule;
qi::rule<Iterator, unary_parameter()> name_only;
};
查看 Live On Coliru (使用相同的测试用例)
在这种情况下,我更喜欢更简单的AST。通过使用qi::attr
注入一些属性值,您可以avoid using boost::variant和/或even avoid boost::optional:
struct parameter {
bool have_name;
std::string name;
std::string value;
};
struct type_subtype {
std::string type;
std::string subtype;
};
struct content_type {
type_subtype type;
std::vector<parameter> params;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(parameter, have_name, name, value)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(type_subtype, type, subtype)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(content_type, type, params)
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
template<class Iterator>
struct token_grammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, content_type()>
{
token_grammar() : token_grammar::base_type(content_type_rule)
{
using qi::ascii::char_;
spaces = char_(' ');
token = +~char_( "()<>@,;:\\\"/[]?={} \t");
quoted_string = '"' >> *('\\' >> char_ | ~char_('"')) >> '"';
value = quoted_string | token;
type_subtype_rule = token >> '/' >> token;
name_only = qi::attr(false) >> qi::attr("") >> token;
nvp = qi::attr(true) >> token >> '=' >> value;
any_parameter = ';' >> (nvp | name_only);
content_type_rule = type_subtype_rule >> qi::skip(spaces) [*any_parameter];
BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES((nvp)(any_parameter)(content_type_rule)(quoted_string)(token)(value)(type_subtype_rule))
}
private:
using Skipper = qi::space_type;
Skipper spaces;
qi::rule<Iterator, parameter(), Skipper> nvp, name_only, any_parameter;
qi::rule<Iterator, content_type()> content_type_rule;
// lexemes
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> quoted_string, token, value;
qi::rule<Iterator, type_subtype()> type_subtype_rule;
};