Question

我正在尝试使用此查询订阅使用WQL修改的特定文件的事件：

SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 1 WHERE TargetInstance ISA "CIM_DataFile" AND TargetInstance.Drive="C:" AND TargetInstace.Path="\\test\\filewatching\\"

我可以成功注册活动（请参阅底部的输出），并且可以看到它与我注册的脚本（消费者）绑定。

但是，当我在C:\test\filewatching\中修改文件时，脚本无法运行。

以下是在同一文件夹中注册文件创建活动的代码，此作品：

#WQL

$query = @"
SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 1 WHERE TargetInstance ISA "Cim_DirectoryContainsFile" AND TargetInstance.GroupComponent="Win32_Directory.Name='C:\\test\\filewatching'"
"@
$instanceFilter = ([WMICLASS]"\\$Computername\root\subscription:__EventFilter").CreateInstance()
$instanceFilter.QueryLanguage = 'WQL'
$instanceFilter.Query = $query
$instanceFilter.Name = 'EventFilterNameHere'
$instanceFilter.EventNameSpace = 'root/CIMV2'
$result = $instanceFilter.Put()

# Consumer

$script = 
@"
Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("c:\test\filewatching\Log.log", 8, True)
objFile.WriteLine "New File Created"
objFile.Close
"@
$instanceConsumer = ([wmiclass]"\\$Computername\root\subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer").CreateInstance()
$instanceConsumer.Name = 'ConsumerNameHere'
$instanceConsumer.ScriptingEngine = 'VBScript'
$instanceConsumer.ScriptFilename = '' 
$instanceConsumer.ScriptText = $script
$instanceConsumer.Put()

# Binding

[object]$Filter = (Get-WMIObject -Computername $Computername -Namespace root\Subscription -Class __EventFilter | Sort Name)
[object]$Consumer = (Get-WMIObject -Computername $Computername -Namespace root\Subscription -Class __EventConsumer | Sort Name)

$instanceBinding = ([wmiclass]"\\$Computername\root\subscription:__FilterToConsumerBinding").CreateInstance()
$instanceBinding.Filter = $Filter
$instanceBinding.Consumer = $Consumer
$instanceBinding.Put()

所以我知道我的PowerShell没有任何问题。这让我觉得我的查询一定是错的。

我已尝试对上述InstanceModificationEvent查询进行一些调整，但没有成功。（这些调整包括将C:更改为C或从\删除TargetInstace.Path等内容。

我需要这个订阅是永久性的，如果PC打开或关闭它就无法重置 - 这就是我使用WQL的原因。如果有人可以提出另一种方法来实现相同或我如何解决我的问题，我将永远感激不尽！

运行脚本后的输出：

Path          : \\WIN7-IT3\root\subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="Co
                nsumerNameHere"
RelativePath  : ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="ConsumerNameHere"
Server        : WIN7-IT3
NamespacePath : root\subscription
ClassName     : ActiveScriptEventConsumer
IsClass       : False
IsInstance    : True
IsSingleton   : False

Path          : \\WIN7-IT3\root\subscription:__FilterToConsumerBinding.Consumer
                ="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Na
                me=\"ConsumerNameHere\"",Filter="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Subscripti
                on:__EventFilter.Name=\"EventFilterNameHere\""
RelativePath  : __FilterToConsumerBinding.Consumer="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Subscri
                ption:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name=\"ConsumerNameHere\"",Filt
                er="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Subscription:__EventFilter.Name=\"Event
                FilterNameHere\""
Server        : WIN7-IT3
NamespacePath : root\subscription
ClassName     : __FilterToConsumerBinding
IsClass       : False
IsInstance    : True
IsSingleton   : False

查询WMI订阅：

Get-WmiObject -Namespace root\Subscription -Class __Eventfilter
Get-WMIObject -Namespace root\Subscription -Class __EventConsumer
Get-WMIObject -Namespace root\Subscription -Class __FilterToConsumerBinding
Get-WMIObject -Namespace root\Subscription -Class ActiveScriptEventConsumer

查询后输出：

__GENUS          : 2
__CLASS          : __EventFilter
__SUPERCLASS     : __IndicationRelated
__DYNASTY        : __SystemClass
__RELPATH        : __EventFilter.Name="EventFilterNameHere"
__PROPERTY_COUNT : 6
__DERIVATION     : {__IndicationRelated, __SystemClass}
__SERVER         : WIN7-IT3
__NAMESPACE      : ROOT\Subscription
__PATH           : \\WIN7-IT3\ROOT\Subscription:__EventFilter.Name="EventFilterNameHere"
CreatorSID       : {1, 5, 0, 0...}
EventAccess      : 
EventNamespace   : root/CIMV2
Name             : EventFilterNameHere
Query            : SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 5 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 
                   "CIM_DataFile" AND TargetInstance.Drive="C:" AND 
                   TargetInstace.Path="\\test\\filewatching\\"
QueryLanguage    : WQL
PSComputerName   : WIN7-IT3

__GENUS          : 2
__CLASS          : ActiveScriptEventConsumer
__SUPERCLASS     : __EventConsumer
__DYNASTY        : __SystemClass
__RELPATH        : ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="ConsumerNameHere"
__PROPERTY_COUNT : 8
__DERIVATION     : {__EventConsumer, __IndicationRelated, __SystemClass}
__SERVER         : WIN7-IT3
__NAMESPACE      : ROOT\Subscription
__PATH           : \\WIN7-IT3\ROOT\Subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="ConsumerNameHere"
CreatorSID       : {1, 5, 0, 0...}
KillTimeout      : 0
MachineName      : 
MaximumQueueSize : 
Name             : ConsumerNameHere
ScriptFilename   : 
ScriptingEngine  : VBScript
ScriptText       : Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
                   Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("c:\test\filewatching\Log.log", 8, True)
                   objFile.WriteLine "New File Created"
                   objFile.Close
PSComputerName   : WIN7-IT3

__GENUS                 : 2
__CLASS                 : __FilterToConsumerBinding
__SUPERCLASS            : __IndicationRelated
__DYNASTY               : __SystemClass
__RELPATH               : __FilterToConsumerBinding.Consumer="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Subscription:ActiveS
                          criptEventConsumer.Name=\"ConsumerNameHere\"",Filter="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Su
                          bscription:__EventFilter.Name=\"EventFilterNameHere\""
__PROPERTY_COUNT        : 7
__DERIVATION            : {__IndicationRelated, __SystemClass}
__SERVER                : WIN7-IT3
__NAMESPACE             : ROOT\Subscription
__PATH                  : \\WIN7-IT3\ROOT\Subscription:__FilterToConsumerBinding.Consumer="\\\\WIN7-IT
                          3\\ROOT\\Subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name=\"ConsumerNameHere\"",F
                          ilter="\\\\WIN7-IT3\\ROOT\\Subscription:__EventFilter.Name=\"EventFilterName
                          Here\""
Consumer                : \\WIN7-IT3\ROOT\Subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="ConsumerNameHer
                          e"
CreatorSID              : {1, 5, 0, 0...}
DeliverSynchronously    : False
DeliveryQoS             : 
Filter                  : \\WIN7-IT3\ROOT\Subscription:__EventFilter.Name="EventFilterNameHere"
MaintainSecurityContext : False
SlowDownProviders       : False
PSComputerName          : WIN7-IT3

__GENUS          : 2
__CLASS          : ActiveScriptEventConsumer
__SUPERCLASS     : __EventConsumer
__DYNASTY        : __SystemClass
__RELPATH        : ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="ConsumerNameHere"
__PROPERTY_COUNT : 8
__DERIVATION     : {__EventConsumer, __IndicationRelated, __SystemClass}
__SERVER         : WIN7-IT3
__NAMESPACE      : ROOT\Subscription
__PATH           : \\WIN7-IT3\ROOT\Subscription:ActiveScriptEventConsumer.Name="ConsumerNameHere"
CreatorSID       : {1, 5, 0, 0...}
KillTimeout      : 0
MachineName      : 
MaximumQueueSize : 
Name             : ConsumerNameHere
ScriptFilename   : 
ScriptingEngine  : VBScript
ScriptText       : Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
                   Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("c:\test\filewatching\Log.log", 8, True)
                   objFile.WriteLine "New File Created"
                   objFile.Close
PSComputerName   : WIN7-IT3

Answer 1

在发布此问题后不久偶然发现了this page，我从中得出了我需要的查询：

SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 1 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'CIM_DataFile' AND TargetInstance.Name='c:\\test\\filewatching\\tester.txt'

请注意，与其他几个在线帖子相反，对我有用的实际上是省略了Path的{{1}}和Drive部分，只包含文件的完整路径和名称我想看。

这对我有用，因为我只会看一个特定的文件。如果您需要使用此方法观看多个文件，则需要注册多个订阅。

注册文件修改观察程序的完整代码：

TargetInstance

Answer 2

您需要附加使用者的路径并过滤到活页夹而不是系统中的每个过滤器\消费者

$result = $instanceFilter.Put()
$filterPath = $result.Path
$result = $instanceConsumer.Put()
$consumerPath = $result.Path

$bind.Filter = $filterPath
$bind.Consumer = $consumerPath

如何订阅Windows文件修改事件

2 个答案: