对于＆＃39; jq＆＃39;也许这太过分了。我需要跳进python json模块，但让我们为大师们挑战!!
我有一些JSON数据（来自i3窗口管理器）看起来有点像这样（简化）。我想深入挖掘.nodes / .floating_nodes的任意数量的级别，并拉出具有＆＃34; window＆＃34;的.nodes或.floating_nodes。设置为非null。 ：
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": null,
"name": "__i3_scratch",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "foobar",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "__i3",
},
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": null,
"name": "topdock",
},
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": 8388613,
"name": "16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole",
"rect": {
"height": 1061,
"width": 1920,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
],
"window": null,
"name": "1",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "content",
},
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": 14680070,
"name": "i3bar for output VNC-0",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "bottomdock",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "VNC-0",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "root",
}
我的示例JSON因我的简化而有点不对，所以这里是完整版：
{"id":10883136,"type":"root","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1080},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"root","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10883568,"type":"output","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":0.5,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"output","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1080},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"__i3","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10884128,"type":"con","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"content","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10884720,"type":"workspace","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"__i3_scratch","num":-1,"window":null,"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":1,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10884720],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10884128],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]},{"id":10886256,"type":"output","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":0.5,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"output","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1080},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"VNC-0","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10886944,"type":"dockarea","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"dockarea","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":0},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"topdock","window":null,"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[{"dock":2,"insert_where":2}]},{"id":10887648,"type":"con","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1061},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"content","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10889056,"type":"workspace","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1061},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"1","num":1,"window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10895664,"type":"con","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":1.0,"urgent":false,"focused":true,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1061},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":1,"y":1,"width":1918,"height":1059},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":958,"height":1059},"name":"16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole","window":8388613,"window_properties":{"class":"konsole","instance":"konsole","title":"16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole","transient_for":null},"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10895664],"fullscreen_mode":1,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10889056],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]},{"id":10888352,"type":"dockarea","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"dockarea","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":1061,"width":1920,"height":19},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"bottomdock","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10891392,"type":"con","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":1.0,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":1061,"width":1920,"height":19},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":19},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":1061,"width":3840,"height":19},"name":"i3bar for output VNC-0","window":14680070,"window_properties":{"class":"i3bar","instance":"i3bar","title":"i3bar for output VNC-0","transient_for":null},"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10891392],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[{"dock":3,"insert_where":2}]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10887648,10886944,10888352],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10886256,10883568],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}
答案 0 :(得分：2)
当然，jq可以做到这一点！
首先，我们使用递归运算符..来递归迭代所有内容。然后，我们获取所有.nodes和.floating_nodes，并使用?来忽略尝试从数字，字符串或对象获取属性时可能出现的错误。然后，我们使用[]获取这些数组中的所有元素。同样，忽略上一步中的错误会留下一些null，因此我们会忽略尝试在[]上null使用?时出现的错误。最后，我们将所有内容传递给select(.window != null)，并将每个结果包装在一个数组中以便于处理。
jq '[.. | .floating_nodes?, .nodes? | .[]? | select(.window != null)]'
答案 1 :(得分：0)
如果window属性只能出现在node或floating_node个对象上，则只需搜索具有window属性的所有对象即可简化操作。
.. | objects | select(.window != null)
答案 2 :(得分：0)
使用圣地亚哥的解决方案并尝试回填jq-1.3中可能缺少的东西我得到了这个工作：
jq 'recurse(.[]) | .floating_nodes, .nodes | .[] | select(.window != null) | select(.focused == true) | .name'
...它还提供了许多错误消息，例如：
jq: error: Cannot iterate over number
jq: error: Cannot iterate over null
jq: error: Cannot iterate over null
jq: error: Cannot index number with string
答案 3 :(得分：0)
以下测试使用jq 1.3,1.4和1.5：
recurse(if type == "object" or type == "array" then .[] else empty end)
| select(type == "object")
| ( select(.nodes|type == "array") | .nodes[]),
( select(.floating_nodes|type == "array") | .floating_nodes[])
| select( .window != null )
使用给定输入的“完整版本”，jq 1.3产生以下输出：
{
"swallows": [],
"floating": "auto_off",
"sticky": false,
"fullscreen_mode": 0,
"focus": [],
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window_properties": {
"transient_for": null,
"title": "16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole",
"instance": "konsole",
"class": "konsole"
},
"window": 8388613,
"name": "16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole",
"layout": "splith",
"focused": true,
"urgent": false,
"percent": 1,
"scratchpad_state": "none",
"orientation": "none",
"type": "con",
"id": 10895664,
"workspace_layout": "default",
"last_split_layout": "splith",
"border": "pixel",
"current_border_width": 1,
"rect": {
"height": 1061,
"width": 1920,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"deco_rect": {
"height": 0,
"width": 0,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"window_rect": {
"height": 1059,
"width": 1918,
"y": 1,
"x": 1
},
"geometry": {
"height": 1059,
"width": 958,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
}
}
{
"swallows": [],
"floating": "auto_off",
"sticky": false,
"fullscreen_mode": 0,
"focus": [],
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window_properties": {
"transient_for": null,
"title": "i3bar for output VNC-0",
"instance": "i3bar",
"class": "i3bar"
},
"window": 14680070,
"name": "i3bar for output VNC-0",
"layout": "splith",
"focused": false,
"urgent": false,
"percent": 1,
"scratchpad_state": "none",
"orientation": "none",
"type": "con",
"id": 10891392,
"workspace_layout": "default",
"last_split_layout": "splith",
"border": "pixel",
"current_border_width": 1,
"rect": {
"height": 19,
"width": 1920,
"y": 1061,
"x": 0
},
"deco_rect": {
"height": 0,
"width": 0,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"window_rect": {
"height": 19,
"width": 1920,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"geometry": {
"height": 19,
"width": 3840,
"y": 1061,
"x": 0
}
}
答案 4 :(得分：0)
这是一个使用 tostream 扫描给定输入的[path，value]数组流的解决方案。然后使用选择仅挑选以＆＃34; window＆＃34;结尾的路径并且其对应的值不为null。最后，它使用 foreach 和 getpath 来生成包含对象的流。
foreach ( tostream
| select(length == 2 and .[0][-1] == "window" and .[1] != null)
) as $p (
.
; .
; getpath($p[0][:-1])
)
编辑：我现在意识到foreach E as $X (.; .; R)形式的过滤器几乎总是被重写为E as $X | R所以上面的内容实际上就是
( tostream | select(length == 2 and .[0][-1] == "window" and .[1] != null) ) as $p
| getpath($p[0][:-1])