我正在尝试使用Selenium自动下载文件。
每当收到要下载的文件时，我都希望将该特定文件保存到自定义位置并使用自定义名称保存。
我希望浏览器要求保存每个文件，以便我可以动态提供自定义路径和文件名。
我能够将文件保存到自定义目录，但我无法控制文件名。我想使用java.awt.Robot，java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection和java.awt.Toolkit来使用自定义文件名。
我的代码
ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
HashMap<String, Object> chromePreferences = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePreferences.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePreferences.put("download.default_directory", browserDownloadDirectoryPath);
chromePreferences.put("safebrowsing.enabled", "true");
chromeOptions.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePreferences);
chromeOptions.addArguments("--test-type");
chromeDesiredCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
chromeDesiredCapabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, chromeOptions);
这是将文件保存到自定义文件夹。
如果浏览器要求保存文件，我想使用Robot Class发送路径。
StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(
"<file path>" + "<file name>");
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard()
.setContents(stringSelection, null);
Robot robot = new Robot();
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
请提供强制浏览器请求保存文件的解决方案。
对于Firefox，我们about:config可以查看浏览器的所有首选项。对于其他浏览器我们也有这样的东西吗？
答案 0 :(得分：5)
更好的方法是设置chrome以自动下载文件，然后等待新文件出现并最终重命名。
以下是通过单击链接下载PDF然后将其重命名为“mydocument.pdf”的示例：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jasperReport xmlns="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd" name="grades" pageWidth="595" pageHeight="842" whenNoDataType="AllSectionsNoDetail" columnWidth="555" leftMargin="20" rightMargin="20" topMargin="20" bottomMargin="20" uuid="407ecd26-3880-4351-b7f4-4422fa5adc32">
<style name="Crosstab Data Text" hAlign="Center"/>
<queryString>
<![CDATA[]]>
</queryString>
<field name="Subject" class="java.lang.String"/>
<field name="Mark" class="java.lang.String"/>
<field name="Grade" class="java.lang.String"/>
<summary>
<band height="50">
<crosstab>
<reportElement x="0" y="0" width="555" height="50" uuid="c15de662-be8e-4db4-acef-1b71c3201725"/>
<crosstabHeaderCell>
<cellContents>
<staticText>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="70" height="30" uuid="07cab0ef-f928-4681-86ff-0c38656cdd31"/>
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5"/>
<topPen lineWidth="0.5"/>
<leftPen lineWidth="0.5"/>
<bottomPen lineWidth="0.5"/>
<rightPen lineWidth="0.5"/>
</box>
<textElement verticalAlignment="Middle"/>
<text><![CDATA[Subject]]></text>
</staticText>
</cellContents>
</crosstabHeaderCell>
<rowGroup name="dummy" width="70">
<bucket class="java.lang.String">
<bucketExpression><![CDATA["GRADE"]]></bucketExpression>
</bucket>
<crosstabRowHeader>
<cellContents backcolor="#F0F8FF" mode="Opaque">
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Solid" lineColor="#000000"/>
</box>
<textField>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="70" height="25" uuid="0ec80ead-fa81-4933-b56b-445e14578f6b"/>
<textElement verticalAlignment="Middle"/>
<textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$V{dummy}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</cellContents>
</crosstabRowHeader>
<crosstabTotalRowHeader>
<cellContents/>
</crosstabTotalRowHeader>
</rowGroup>
<columnGroup name="Subject" height="30">
<bucket class="java.lang.String">
<bucketExpression><![CDATA[$F{Subject}]]></bucketExpression>
</bucket>
<crosstabColumnHeader>
<cellContents backcolor="#F0F8FF" mode="Opaque">
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Solid" lineColor="#000000"/>
</box>
<textField>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="62" height="30" uuid="304f31c2-426d-4177-aa32-bb7f6694cd6c"/>
<textElement verticalAlignment="Middle"/>
<textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$V{Subject}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</cellContents>
</crosstabColumnHeader>
<crosstabTotalColumnHeader>
<cellContents/>
</crosstabTotalColumnHeader>
</columnGroup>
<measure name="GradeMeasure" class="java.lang.String">
<measureExpression><![CDATA[$F{Grade}]]></measureExpression>
</measure>
<crosstabCell width="62" height="25">
<cellContents>
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Solid" lineColor="#000000"/>
</box>
<textField>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="62" height="25" uuid="b10eac33-96fb-4d5d-8c3f-212c72192a3c"/>
<textElement verticalAlignment="Middle"/>
<textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$V{GradeMeasure}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</cellContents>
</crosstabCell>
<crosstabCell height="25" rowTotalGroup="dummy">
<cellContents backcolor="#BFE1FF" mode="Opaque">
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Solid" lineColor="#000000"/>
</box>
<textField>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="50" height="25" uuid="26fc7a85-7738-45e8-81ff-e076bb51d3fd"/>
<textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$V{GradeMeasure}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</cellContents>
</crosstabCell>
<crosstabCell width="50" columnTotalGroup="Subject">
<cellContents backcolor="#BFE1FF" mode="Opaque">
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Solid" lineColor="#000000"/>
</box>
<textField>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="50" height="25" uuid="82d05499-1fe2-4a97-ad82-23fa974759c5"/>
<textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$V{GradeMeasure}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</cellContents>
</crosstabCell>
<crosstabCell rowTotalGroup="dummy" columnTotalGroup="Subject">
<cellContents backcolor="#BFE1FF" mode="Opaque">
<box>
<pen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Solid" lineColor="#000000"/>
</box>
<textField>
<reportElement style="Crosstab Data Text" x="0" y="0" width="50" height="25" uuid="c6e4a9d8-6c74-4dcc-8617-18ad14e60890"/>
<textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$V{GradeMeasure}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</cellContents>
</crosstabCell>
</crosstab>
</band>
</summary>
</jasperReport>
对于文件服务员：
// define the download folder
Path download_folder = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home") + "/Downloads");
// define the preferences
HashMap<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", download_folder.toAbsolutePath());
prefs.put("download.prompt_for_download", false);
prefs.put("download.directory_upgrade", true);
prefs.put("plugins.plugins_disabled", new String[]{"Chrome PDF Viewer"});
// define the options
HashMap<String, Object> options = new HashMap<String, Object>();
options.put("prefs", prefs);
// define the capabilities
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
capabilities.setCapability("chromeOptions", options);
// start the driver
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);
// click on a PDF link
driver.get("http://www.adobe.com/legal/terms.html");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Adobe Creative SDK")).click();
// wait for the PDF to be downloaded
File file = WaitForNewFile(download_folder, ".pdf", 60);
// rename the downloaded file
file.renameTo(download_folder.resolve("mydocument.pdf").toFile());
// quit
driver.quit();
答案 1 :(得分：1)
为Chrome浏览器设置所需的功能。
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